增钙粉煤灰矿物组成特性试验研究

以低硫兖州煤为试验煤种,在两段多相反应试验台上开展了低硫煤增钙粉煤灰矿物组成特性试验研究,对试验获得的粉煤灰进行XRD,SEM和EDS图谱分析.结果表明:兖州煤原状粉煤灰晶体主要由莫来石、石英、钙长石、赤铁矿等非水化活性矿物组成;随混合煤粉中GaO添加质量分数在0～25%范围的逐渐增加,增钙粉煤灰矿物组成中具有水化活性的2GaO·SiO2,3GaO·Al2O3等矿物出现并逐渐增加,非活性成分逐渐消失,但粉煤灰矿物组成中早强、高强矿物较少;当混合煤粉中再添加适量的MgO时,增钙粉煤灰矿物中出现水化活性优良的Q相矿物,且其质量分数为32.1%,粉煤灰矿物组成得到调整和优化.     

CaF2对阿利特-硫铝酸钡钙水泥合成及性能的影响

用化学纯试剂为原料,研究了CaF2对阿利特-硫铝酸钡钙水泥熟料矿物形成过程及水泥性能的影响。实验设计将具有早强性能的硫铝酸钡钙矿物引入到硅酸盐水泥熟料矿物体系中,并取代其中的C3A矿相。实验表明:适量的CaF2能改善熟料的易烧性,促进f-CaO的吸收和熟料矿物的形成。CaF2质量掺量为0.5%~1%时,有利于提高水泥的早期力学性能。CaF2质量掺量超过1.5%时,生成氟铝酸盐C11A7.CaF2,且不利于C3S和硫铝酸钡钙矿物形成。XRD和SEM-EDS分析表明,在该矿物体系中,含有阿利特、贝利特和少量硫铝酸钡钙矿物。这说明硫铝酸钡钙矿物能够和硅酸盐水泥熟料矿物复合并共存。     

铝钙复合物对福建低灰熔点煤灰的影响

选取龙岩(LY)和上京(SJ)两种福建低灰熔点煤,利用灰熔点测定仪研究氧化铝、氧化钙及铝钙复合物对两种煤灰熔融温度的影响规律.研究结果表明:加入Al_2O_3(4%～18%,质量分数,下同)可以一直提高灰熔点,加入CaO(2%～8%)使灰熔点降低.但LY灰、 SJ灰中添加较多Al_2O_3后再加少量CaO可使灰熔点比对应只加Al_2O_3的高,表现出铝钙协同作用.通过XRD和SEM-EDX分析煤灰在高温下的矿物转化行为、表面微观形貌及化学组成,研究铝钙协同作用对低灰熔点煤的影响规律及其机理.结果发现:加入氧化铝后,煤灰在高温下生成的耐熔矿物莫来石是提高灰熔点的主要因素;加入较高含量的氧化铝和少量的氧化钙后,灰中先生成莫来石矿物,其中的氧化钙则会生成钙长石;在有莫来石存在时,钙长石与莫来石一起导致其熔融温度升高,从而提高灰熔点.     

锅炉类型与粉煤灰的物相特征

介绍了沸腾炉与煤粉炉的类型以及煤粒的燃烧方式 ,探讨了燃料中的矿物质在锅炉中的相转变过程 ,并利用X射线衍射仪分析了燃煤电厂和矸石、煤泥电厂所用燃料及所排粉煤灰的物相特征 .经分析发现 ,燃煤电厂产生的粉煤灰中物相组分以非晶质的玻璃体为主 ,另外含有石英、莫来石及少量长石等 ;而煤泥电厂与矸石电厂产生的粉煤灰中虽也含有玻璃体 ,但数量相对较少 ,矿物质是以石英为主 ,此外还含有长石、赤铁矿及少量莫来石     

石灰重构钢渣过程中的物相变化

以石灰作为单一调节材料高温重构钢渣,利用X射线衍射、岩相分析、扫描电子显微镜研究了重构过程中钢渣的矿物组成及RO相的变化,并测定了重构钢渣的安定性和活性指数.结果表明:RO相在CaO作用下优先发生分解反应,其中的FeO随CaO掺量增加依次生成Fe3O4、CF(铁酸一钙)、C2F(铁酸二钙)及Ca2(AlFe)O5(铁铝酸钙)、C4AF(铁铝酸四钙),其中的MgO部分以MgO晶体存在,部分固溶在硅酸盐相和液相中;当CaO/SiO_2摩尔比不够大时,原钢渣中的C3S(硅酸三钙)在重构过程中分解成C2S(硅酸二钙);由于CaO优先与含量较高的铁元素反应,CaO/SiO2摩尔比达到3时仍没有C3S生成,只有当与铁反应完全后多余的CaO才会与C2S反应生成C3S;石灰重构钢渣不会产生安定性不良且胶凝活性明显提高.     

Cr2O3对硫铁铝酸钡钙矿物的合成及性能的影响

采用XRD、SEM-EDS、DTA-TG等测试方法研究Cr2O3对硫铁铝酸钡钙矿物1.75CaO·1.25BaO·2Al2O3·Fe2O3·CaSO4(C2.75B1.25A2F (-S))的合成及性能的影响,并测试水化试样的抗压强度.结果表明,掺入适量的Cr2O3能改善硫铁铝酸钡钙矿物水化试样的抗压强度,Cr2O3的适宜掺量质量分数为0.5%～1%.微量元素Cr的引入,可使硫铁铝酸钡钙矿物形成的温度带宽化及晶粒细化.     

微量元素Cr对硫铝酸钡钙的合成及性能的影响

在硫铝酸钡钙矿物体系中引入微量元素Cr,探讨了微量元素Cr对硫铝酸钡钙矿物体系的矿化作用。通过DTA-TG分析研究了其烧成制度及微量元素Cr对硫铝酸钡钙矿物形成机制的影响,同时利用XRD和SEM-EDS对熟料矿物组成及结构进行了分析。结果表明,在硫铝酸钡钙矿物体系中引入适量的矿化剂Cr2O3,可提高该矿物的早期强度。微量元素Cr的引入,可以使硫铝酸钡钙矿物的晶粒细化,晶粒尺寸在1μm左右。Cr2O3的适宜掺量为1．2％。     

粉煤灰对聚烯烃胶粘带防腐层的补强性能研究

分析了济宁地区粉煤灰的外观形貌和化学组成，并用于聚烯烃胶粘带防腐层补强性能研究，着重研究了粉煤灰添加量对聚烯烃胶粘带防腐层力学性能的影响。实验结果表明：粉煤灰中的化学成分以 SiO₂、Al₂O₃、 Fe₂O₃为主，三者总质量分数高达88.04%，CaO的质量分数为12.40%，此粉煤灰属于碱性灰；粉煤灰中有少量非晶态玻璃体的存在，主要晶体矿物是石英、莫来石和赤铁矿；添加粉煤灰后，聚烯烃胶粘带防腐层的力学性能得到提升；当粉煤灰添加量为15份时，试验品的力学性能最优，拉伸强度91.93 N/cm、断裂伸长率536.67%、剥离强度33.43 N/cm；煤粉灰是一种优良的填充剂，可以代替碳酸钙用于聚烯烃胶粘带防腐层的生产。此研究不仅能提高粉煤灰的利用率和附加值，改善聚烯烃胶粘带防腐层的各项性能，还能为工业粉煤灰在橡胶补强方面的产业化应用提供理论依据。     

粉煤灰对聚烯烃胶粘带防腐层的补强性能研究

分析了济宁地区粉煤灰的外观形貌和化学组成，并用于聚烯烃胶粘带防腐层补强性能研究，着重研究了粉煤灰添加量对聚烯烃胶粘带防腐层力学性能的影响。实验结果表明：粉煤灰中的化学成分以 SiO₂、Al₂O₃、 Fe₂O₃为主，三者总质量分数高达88.04%，CaO的质量分数为12.40%，此粉煤灰属于碱性灰；粉煤灰中有少量非晶态玻璃体的存在，主要晶体矿物是石英、莫来石和赤铁矿；添加粉煤灰后，聚烯烃胶粘带防腐层的力学性能得到提升；当粉煤灰添加量为15份时，试验品的力学性能最优，拉伸强度91.93 N/cm、断裂伸长率536.67%、剥离强度33.43 N/cm；煤粉灰是一种优良的填充剂，可以代替碳酸钙用于聚烯烃胶粘带防腐层的生产。此研究不仅能提高粉煤灰的利用率和附加值，改善聚烯烃胶粘带防腐层的各项性能，还能为工业粉煤灰在橡胶补强方面的产业化应用提供理论依据。     

粉煤灰高性能混凝土

高性能混凝土是近年发展起来的一种新材料,是混凝土技术进入高科技时代的产物。高性能混凝土具有高工作性、高强度和高耐久性,通常需要使用矿物掺合料和化学外加剂。粉煤灰就是其中一种,它是工业废料,量大,价廉,不需(或稍进行)加工即可满足配制高性能混凝土的要求。粉煤灰电厂排放的粉煤灰是由大量的球状玻璃珠和少量的莫来石、石英等结晶物质组成,分为高钙粉煤灰和低钙粉煤灰两大类。我国绝大多数电厂排放的粉煤灰都是低钙的,故低钙粉煤灰又简称粉煤灰。粉煤灰的矿物组成主要是玻璃体、莫来石、石英和少量其他矿物。其化学成分是由原煤的成…     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.