聚硅氧烷类侧链型液晶的合成与表征

合成了一种新的含介晶单元的烯烃单体，对－（4－烯丙氧基苯甲酰氧基）苯甲酸对－甲氧基苯酚酯。将这种单体与聚甲基氢硅氧烷进行了硅氢化反应，合成了一种新的聚硅氧烷酯类液晶（PMMS）。用IR和^1H-NMR对合成产物的结构进行了表征，确证了聚合物液晶的梳形结构以及硅氢化反应的完全程度，发现这种PMMS含有13％的α－加成侧链。借助DSC曲线测出了它们的相变温度。     

N—对甲基丙烯酰氧基—苄亚甲基—对溴苯亚胺液晶单体的合成…

以对羟基苯甲醛，甲基丙烯酰氯及对溴苯胺为原料合成侧链型Ｓｃｈｉｆｆ碱液晶单体Ｎ－对甲基丙酰氧基－苄亚甲基－对溴苯亚胺，并以偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂进行溶液聚合，改进单体合成法，使反应总产率达到４０％以上，探讨了引发剂浓度，单体浓度对聚合转化率及液晶聚合物相行的为的影响。     

磺酸基苄叉类遥爪液晶聚合物的合成与表征

通过溶液缩聚合成了一种具有磺酸基离子的遥爪液晶聚合物，并且合成一种新型单体－对－（对－羟基苄苯叉基）氨基）酚。通过偏光显微镜观察，该液晶离聚物属向列型织构，热分析表明熔点为１７０℃，在２００℃分解；通过ＩＲ和ＮＭＲ对它和单体的结构进行了表征。     

N-对甲基丙烯酰氧基-苄亚甲基-对溴苯亚胺液晶单体的合成及聚合

以对羟基苯甲醛，甲基丙烯酰氯及对溴苯胺为原料合成侧链型Ｓｃｈｉｆ碱液晶单体Ｎ－对甲基丙烯酰氧基－苄亚甲基－对溴苯亚胺，并以偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂进行溶液聚合．改进单体合成法，使反应总产率达到４０％以上．探讨了引发剂浓度，单体浓度对聚合轻化率及液晶聚合物相行为的影响．用ＤＳＣ，热台偏光显微镜对聚合产物进行了考察．聚合物表现出５０～６０℃的热致液晶温度区间     

含发色团的侧链液晶聚硅氧烷的合成及性能研究

采用大分子酯化反应合成了侧链带有发色基团的聚硅氧烷,它们的化学结构被＾１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ,ＩＲ和元素分析所证实,用ＤＳＣ、偏光显微镜和Ｘ－ｒａｙ衍射研究了它们的相转变行为,表明为ＳＡ相。     

侧链液晶丙烯酸酯聚合物的合成与表征

合成了两种烯丙基封端的含酰亚胺基的致介晶性单体，并与甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚，制得了一系列含酰亚胺键的侧链液晶聚合物，应用ＦＴ－ＩＲ，ＧＰＣ，ＤＴＡ及热台偏光显微镜进行了表征。研究表明，随着致介晶性单体含量减少，其液晶特征从状织构向条状，丝状织构转变。     

两种4—N,N—二甲氨基偶氮苯—4‘—磺酸酯衍生物的合成及其在极 …

报道了两种４－Ｎ，Ｎ－二甲基偶氮苯－４’－磺酸酯衍生物的合成，获得了主客及侧链极化聚合物薄膜的ｄ３３值，它们分别高于目前较多的ＤＲ－１／ＰＭＭＡ，ＣＥＭ－ＭＭＡ的对应值，并探讨了其影响因素。     

光致变色液晶高分子研究（Ⅱ）──含酰氧基间隔基和苯甲酸苯酯介晶基元侧链聚硅氧烷及其单体的液晶行为

本文讨论了既氧间隔基对聚硅氧烷液晶行为的影响，它比对应的含烷氧间隔基聚合物多了向列相，并给出了十一烯－［１０］酰氧苯甲酸－４－个甲氧基苯酯及合同一个晶基元侧链聚硅氧烷的变温ｘ－射线衍射曲线、热谱图和焓、熵热力学数据．单体呈现向列相纹影织构，均聚物显示向列相微滴状和Ｓｃ相破碎扇形织构，聚合后相态数增加．     

冠醚化合物的合成：ⅩⅩⅨ.液晶冠的合成及其作为气相…

合成了一种新型含端烯基芳羧酸脂类液晶冠醚；对其结构进行了ＩＲ，ＵＶ，ＨＮＭＲ，ＭＳ等波谱分析，所取得的分析数据与预期结构相符。将液晶冠醚单体和硅氢加成，合成了相应用于气相色谱固定液，显示出集高分子液晶和高分子冠醚于一体的双重色谱性能。是一类很有发展前景的新型色谱固液。     

第二种基元对聚硅氧烷类侧链液晶高分子热性能的影响

采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)和热失重分析(TGA)，对含有两种基元的聚硅氧烷类液晶聚合物进行了研究，探讨了离子基元和第二种介晶基元对原有液晶聚合物热性能的影响。当离子基元引入聚硅氧烷链液晶聚合物上时所生成的液晶离聚物的T     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-