背面敏感SRSF传感器的研究

针对＂传感器中毒＂现象，在正面敏感的扩展电阻硅流量（ＳＲＳＦ）传感器的基础上，提出背面敏感的ＳＲＳＦ传感器，并设计出相应的表面贴装元件（ＳＭＣ）封装形式。理论推导和测试结果表明：背面敏感的ＳＲＳＦ传感器的输出电压与流体流速、流向的关系可表述为：；芯片厚度对灵敏度影响很大，其最佳值为１５０μｍ。在最佳厚度下，背面敏感方式虽然牺牲了ＳＲＳＦ传感器的１０％的灵敏度，但却能有效防止传感器中毒，ＳＭＣ封装形式使背面敏感ＳＲＳＦ传感器的正、反流向对称性大大改善。     

热消散式流量传感器的建模仿真与研究

根据能量守恒定律和流量测量原理,使用流体计算软件建立了热消散式流量传感器的数学模型并进行了数值分析.模拟了管内传感器与流体的湍流换热过程,计算出在不同流速下的传感器探头温度分布情况,分析了流体温度、传感器封装材料、加热功率以及安装方式对传感器测量精度和适用量程的影响.计算结果对热式流量传感器的设计和优化提供了重要的参考...     

用于测量流体流量的复合式传感器

为了适应小型智能化测量仪器仪表发展对传感顺的新要求,提出一种用于测量管道中气体流量的、由一只静压和一只差压传感器构成的复合式传感器。论述了这种新型传感器的测量原理,介绍了传感器和压阻芯片的结构设计及制作,并列举出测试结果。在测量可压缩流体的流量时,此传感器能同时显示出流体的压力和差压。若将此传感器与单片机连接,流体的流量也可显示出来。     

热示踪法测量流体流量的研究

介绍了一种热示踪法测量流体流量的原理及热示踪流量法的设计方法：该方法利用脉冲状热流体通过固定距离所用时间来间接测量流体流量；首先由一个热激励器在周围流体中产生脉冲状热流团，热流团随流体运动过程中经过一个特殊的温度传感器阵列时，流体的温差将引起传感器的信号突变，形成标记脉冲，通过判断标记脉冲出现的时间可以确定流体平均流速，进而得到流体流量，针对引起流量测量误差的原因进行了分析并提出了相应的改进建议和实际应用要求，通过室内模拟实验表明，该方法适用于层流状流体，尤其适用于较高粘度流体的流量测量。     

可用于＋300℃检测的新型硅扩展电阻温度传感器

提出一种结构新颖的硅扩展电阻温度传感器，这种传感器与硅平面加工技术兼容，易于集成化，当传感器在２ｍＡ的正向偏置电流下，由于少数载流子的不连纽性以及多数载流子的注入，传感器电阻的正温度系数区拓宽到５７３Ｋ以上。本文探讨传感器的图形设计理论和电阻－温度关系，与实验结果吻合。这种ＳＲＴ传感器在温度和流速检测中将得到广泛应用。     

集成CMOS流量传感器

本文提出了一种与硅栅ＣＭＯＳ工艺相兼容的集成ＣＭＯＳ流量传感器，该器件由于采用了交叉差分恒流源技术，与硅双极型流量传感器相比，具有相近的灵敏度。     

热示踪法测量流体流量的研究

介结了一种热示踪法测量流体流量的原理及热示踪流量计的设计方法 .该方法利用脉冲状热流体通过固定距离所用时间来间接测量流体流量 :首先由一个热激励器在周围流体中产生脉冲状热流团 ,热流团随流体运动过程中经过一个特殊的温度传感器阵列时 ,流体的温差将引起传感器的信号突变 ,形成标记脉冲 ;通过判断标记脉冲出现的时间可以确定流体平均流速 ,进而得到流体流量 .针对引起流量测量误差的原因进行了分析并提出了相应的改进建议和实际应用要求 .通过室内模拟实验表明 ,该方法适用于层流状流体 ,尤其适用于较高粘度流体的流量测量     

Si3N4／SiO2栅pH—ISFET传感器的设计与模型

提出了一种含微参比电极和择优差补偿单元的背面引线ＰＨ－ＩＳＦＥＴ传感器的新结构，实现了敏感元和信号处理电路的完全隔离；基于ＳＤＢ／ＳＤＩ材料和硅微机械加工技术，研制成ＰＨ－ＩＳＦＥＴ传感器；讨论了含两种类型表面基的Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／ＳｉＯ２绝缘栅中硅醇基与胺基所占比率对Ｓｉ３Ｎ４／ＳｉＯ４栅ＰＨ－ＩＳＦＥＴ的敏感性能和稳定性的影响，对进一步改善ＰＨ－ＩＳＦＥＴ的敏感性能提供了一种实际的考虑。     

POSFET压电传感器结构参数与特性的研究

本文分析了ＰＯＳＦＥＴ压电传感器的结构参数与特性。理论分析表明ＰＶＤＦ薄膜的声学灵敏度与膜的厚度和膜的弹性刚性系数成正比。实验结果显示，ＰＯＳＦＥＴ传感器的输出峰值随扩展栅面积的增加而增大，随沟道长度的减小而增大。ＰＯＳＦＥＴ传感器的灵敏度比之ＰＶＤＦ直接粘贴硅背衬传感结构提高了２０ｄＢ。     

硅扩展电阻式温度传感器阻温特性的研究

阐述了一种结构特点的硅扩展工元件的温度敏感原理，提出了物理模型?探讨了其工作温区拓宽机理。对器件的结构、材料、工艺参数对阻温特性的影响进行了计算机模拟分析及实验研究。理论分析和实验结果表明：传感器０－３００℃范围内具有正温度系数特性其阻温系数为０．７３％℃。要拓宽硅扩展电阻传感器ＰＴＣ特性区的工作温度范围，必须尽可能减少扩散接触区的体积和晶体的体积?尽可能提高硅掺杂浓度和晶体中载流子寿命，并适当提     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.