EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF UHMW-PAN SOLUTION

UHMW-PAN is an important polymer material used to make high strength and high modules fiber as well as hollow fiber membrane with high mechanical strength to resist the backwash process.In this paper, the effect of temperature on non-Newtonian flow index, structural viscosity index,maximum relaxation time and zero shear viscosity of the UHMW-PAN solution has been studied.The relationship between parameters and spinnability has been discussed. On the basis of above works, the suitable temperature of spinning solution by gel-spinning has been found.     

Research advance in failure risk and local strength failure for high arch dams

To develop national economy and use the water resources and hydropower resources sufficiently,a lot of high arch dams,with the height of more than 200 m,have been and will be built in China.Although arch dams have good mechanical behavior,there is still failure possibility due to the huge water pressure and high stress level in dam,complex topographic and geologic conditions,formidable environment and high intensity earthquake.As one of the three main aspects concerning the safety of high arch dam,the study on global destruction,has been elaborated in the literatures,and research advance in the other two aspects,namely the failure risk and local damage of high arch dams,will be reviewed in this paper.In recent years,the failure risk of high arch dams has been investigated,and the model for identifying dam failure risk factors has been established.It is shown that the foundation deterioration and strong earthquake are the major risk sources for high dam failure.With the fault tree method,the failure mode and failure probability of high arch dams are studied,and the principle for determining failure mode and the method of calculating failure probability are proposed.Meanwhile,the determination principle of acceptable risk standard for high arch dam was proposed,and the acceptable risk rate and the acceptable standard value of various risk losses were given.For the local damage of arch dam,it is pointed out that the local damage belongs to the strength failure at material level.The study on local failure mechanism of arch dam is reviewed,based on the theories that from traditional strength theory to damage mechanics and meso-mechanics theory.Aiming at the cracking,the main pattern of local failure of high concrete dam,the research advances in the analysis methods and cracking criteria for smeared crack model and discrete crack model are summarized,and the research findings of preventive measures for local failure are shown.     

High Speed Steel and WC Particle-Reinforced Composites Produce by Spray Forming

The process of spray forming utilized to fabricate WC particle-reinforced high speed steel composites has been studied. In addition, microstructures and mechanical properties of M2 high speed steel and its composites made by spray forming have been analyzed. The results show that the primary carbides of high speed steel are of two types: MC and M_bC. With the increase in flight distance, the morphology of the primary carbides varies from fine fish-bone-like to islandlike and both bending strength and hardness increase. With the increase in volume fraction of WC reinforcement particles,hardness of the composites increases considerably, but bending strength, however, appears to be a decreasing tendency.     

Design optimization of a C-band traveling-wave accelerating structure for a compact X-ray Free Electron Laser facility

The research and development of a C-band (5712 MHz) high gradient traveling-wave accelerating structure has been in progress for some years at the Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Conceptual design of the accelerating structure has been accomplished, and verified by cold testing an experimental model. The first prototype structure is now ready for high RF power tests. To develop a robust high gradient C-band accelerating structure, an optimized constant gradient structure with a 4 /5 operating mode for future X-ray Free Electron Laser facilities is proposed in this paper. This scheme can improve the breakdown stability and beam quality. The high power RF system, four operating modes and disk iris shape are analyzed and optimized.     

Electrooxidation of Mn(Ⅱ) on Pb-Sb-As Electrode in Sulfuric Acid

The electrooxidation of Mn(Ⅱ) on Pb-Sb-As alloy electrode in sulfuric acid has been investigated.In order to make the two steps of indirect electrosynthesis of benzaldehyde carried out in the same sulfuric acid concentration and also obtain high current efficiency of Mn(Ⅱ) to Mn(Ⅲ) and high yield of Mn(Ⅲ) oxidizing toluene to benzaldehyde in the mean time,the electrooxidation of Mn(Ⅱ) in 60% H2SO4 has been studied.Experimental results show that high current efficiency of Mn(Ⅲ) (about 75%) is obtained in 60%H2SO4 at 60℃.The reason affecting the current efficiency of Mn(Ⅲ) is discussed,and it is the coordination of sulfuric acid concentration and electrolytic temperature.The law is found that it is suitable for electrolysis at low temperature when sulfuric acid concentration is low and at high temperature when sulfuric acid concentration is high.     

Recognition and practice on remanufacturing engineering management of military aero-engines

The technologies of design, manufacture and MRO （maintenance, repair and overhaul） tor the mili- tary aero-engines, particularly for the fighters, are much more difficult to be mastered than those for any other aero-engines. They have been monopolized by only a few countries and the core technologies have never been transferred due to high risk, high investment, high barrier and high cost. Therefore, our country has long relied on mapping and copying the others＇ engines to satisfy the domestic demand due to not having our own indepen- dent technologies for the design and manufacture of military aero-engines. However, through over 20 years of unremitting effort, the independent MRO has been achieved for all the Chinese fighter engines, covering in- R＆D （research and development） and in-service engines; and the MRO technologies, capabilities, quality, cost-efficiency have reached or exceeded those of original manufacturers. It has grown out of nothing, and then from weak to strong. In particular, dozens of projects concerning the R＆D and engineering application of re- manufacturing have obtained the independent intellectual property rights and are playing an irreplaceable role in achieving leaping improvement of independent MRO for Chinese military aero-engines.     

Research and Development of X70 with an Acicular Ferrite Microstructure for West-East Pipeline Project

It is introduced in this paper that a high strength and high toughness X70 pipeline steel with an ultra-low acicular ferrite microstructure has been researched and developed at Baosteel according to the requirements of the West-East Gas Pipeline(WEGTP) project. The developed steel has higher strength, higher toughness, lower ductile-brittle transition temperature and higher dynamic tear-resistance than the conventional X70 with ferrite and pearlite microstructure. The excellent properties of the steel are benefited from ultralow carbon acicular ferrite consisting of interaction of very fine precipitated particles and high-density dislocation. And the steel has been applied on the WEGTP in China.     

Experimental and theoretical study on rapid transient nucleated boiling

A laser heater has been used to impose a pulsed high power laser beam on a metal film inunersed in liquid to generate a very high rate of temperature rise up to 9.3 × 106K/s in the metal film. The rapid transient boiling phenomena have been observed and the temperature variations in the metal film have been measured. Theoretical calculations have been carried out with the fluctuation nucleation theory and the heat conduction theory to compare with the experimental results, and some results are reported.     

New synthesis of amphiphilic copolymers PE-<Emphasis Type="Italic">g</Emphasis>-PEO via esterfication

A new series of high molecular weight amphiphilic graft compolymaers PE-g-PEO has been prepared,The esterifications between PE-p-MS-g-MA and PEO with OH group at the chain end are carried out under different conditions,The compositions of these graft copolymers are studied by NMR and FTIR ,It is found to be a converient and efficient way to prepare high molecular weight PE-g-PEO graft copolymers.     

Ethylene oligomerization by novel iron(Ⅱ) diimine complexes/MAO

Two novel Fe(Ⅱ) diimine complexes have been synthesized. In combination with MAO, they generate active catalytic systems that oligomerize ethylene with both high catalytic activity and high selectivity for α-olefins. The effects of substituents on the aryl ring, reaction temperatures and molar ratios of Al/Fe on catalytic activity and product distribution are studied.     

一种基于MLP-ELM的GaN HEMT小信号特性的建模方法

本文提出了一种基于MLP-ELM的GaN HEMT小信号特性的建模方法, 首先基于GWO建立了一种混合参数提取法, 解决20元等效电路参数提取不精确的问题; 然后利用等效电路模型获得的S参数结合MLP-ELM建立了一种精确的经验模型, 有效解决等效电路模型无法在多偏置范围内表征小信号特性的问题; 最后利用MLP-ELM建立了一种基于经验的小信号模型. 经过仿真分析得出, 本文所建模型精度高, 在整个偏置范围内有效且具备等效电路模型不具有的泛化能力.     

40纳米MOSFET毫米波等效电路的弱反区关键参数提取

以双端口网络的分析方法为依托,对40纳米MOSFET的毫米波小信号等效电路的弱反区参数进行提取.该等效电路基于准静态逼近,包括完整的本征准静态MOSFET模型、串联的栅极电阻、源极电阻、漏极电阻以及衬底耦合网络.元件参数提取分为寄生参数提取和本征部分提取,是通过其等效电路的开路短路法来简化等效电路以及分析Y参数所得,提取的结果具有物理意义以及其方法能够去嵌寄生效应,如器件衬底耦合.     

基于矢量拟合的直流输电线路建模

针对线路传播过程中的频变现象,采用矢量拟合法进行频变直流线路建模并对其建模影响因素进行分析。通过对线路进行阻抗频率特性测量,采用矢量拟合法对测量得到的离散点进行有理函数逼近,拟合的带宽为10~0～10~(6 )Hz,得到考虑频变特性的直流线路数学分析模型,以此为基础建立其3阶线路等效模型,并对线路建模效果的影响进行了深入分析。所建立的线路等效模型与在基于实际参数的PSCAD/EMTDC(power systems computer aided design)软件中建立的直流线路仿真模型进行对比分析,其误差最大处不超过10~(-2),且在故障行波主要传输频段10~3～10~5 Hz内具有很高的精度。其结果验证了该方法具有良好的精确性和适用性。     

体导电能量传递二端口网络集总参数的计算

皮肤电极单元是利用体导电向体内植入器件传递能量的通道,其等效电路阻抗参数则是从电路角度分析体导电能量传递系统的基本参数。针对目前尚无确定这些参数的理论计算方法,提出了基于场路耦合的变载法。通过建立皮肤电极单元的场路耦合模型计算电极端口处电压与电流,并运用全相位FFT谱分析提取电量信号的幅值和相位,在此基础之上,应用变载法求出了各种条件下皮肤电极单元等效电路的阻抗参数,并验证了该方法的正确性。计算出的等效电路阻抗参数可用于体导电能量传递的电路分析和系统的优化设计。     

稳态混频RL串联电路参数的在线辨识

为了解决混频激励下含有非线性特征的电阻与电感(RL)串联电路参数的在线辨识问题,提出通过提取伏安曲线和广义磁链轨迹几何特征的参数辨识新方法。该方法采用最小二乘法定义伏安曲线和广义磁链轨迹复杂图形的倾斜度,由直线拟合直接辨识参数。从端口能量与功率的角度,讨论了算法的物理本质。实验结果表明:该算法具有辨识精度高、运算量小、便于递推等优点,适合于动态实时在线辨识,克服了基于Fourier变换的传统方法计算量大、结果依赖于信号频谱分布等问题。     

航行状态下罗经回路初始对准方法误差分析

为了解决动基座条件下罗经回路方法误差较大的问题,通过捷联罗经的原理进行分析,使用梅森增益公式,对航行状态下罗经回路对准方法的误差进行了深入分析,采用"等效器件误差"的方法,将匀速状态下舰船的速度带来的影响等效成常值陀螺漂移和常值加速度计零偏,定量给出了纬度变化、匀速、条件下所引起的罗经回路对准方法的水平失准角和方位失准角稳态误差角的表达式,并通过了仿真验证,为将罗经回路对准法推广至动基座情况提供有力的支持。     

一种测量子电路参数的新方法

本文提出了一种测量电子参数的新方法。通过对待测子电路的影响视为系统误差,再经过校准过程而消除之,此方法无需拆下子电路,因此精度高,操作简便。     

Identification of dynamic model parameters for lithium-ion batteries used in hybrid electric vehicles

An electrical equivalent circuit model for lithium-ion batteries used for hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) is presented. The model has two RC networks characterizing battery activation and concentration polarization process. The parameters of the model are identified using combined experimental and extended Kalman filter (EKF) recursive methods. The open-circuit voltage and ohmic resistance of the battery are directly measured and calculated from experimental measurements, respectively. The rest of the coupled dynamic parameters, i.e. the RC network parameters, are estimated using the EKF method. Experimental and simulation results are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed circuit model and parameter identification techniques for simulating battery dynamics.     

基于状态空间方程的油纸绝缘系统等效电路参数辨识

合理地辨识油纸绝缘系统等效电路的参数是绝缘老化特性分析的基础.根据回复电压测试原理,提出建立回复电压时域响应的状态空间模型,并利用控制理论中状态空间方程的求解方法结合自适应粒子群算法搜索出最优解,从而得到等效电路的未知参数值.利用国外学者所提供的一组300 MV·A油纸绝缘变压器不同充电时间下的回复电压响应曲线进行辨识,并将辨识结果所对应的回复电压曲线与测量曲线对比,二者重合度高,验证了计算模型及辨识方法的有效性.同时,分析了模型支路数不同时对辨识结果的影响,初步得出该台变压器选择6条支路辨识拟合效果最佳的结论.为油纸绝缘系统等值电路参数的辨识提供了一种新思路.     

复合转子异步电机的等值电路及其参数计算

给出了复合转子异步电机等值电路的一般形式及其参数的计算公式;提出了等值电路的实用形式;就该电路参数特别是转子两层间的互感抗的计算方法进行了较详细的讨论.样机计算结果与实验结果的对比,证明了实用等值电路计算的准确性.