距离徙动校正对SAR方位移频干扰的影响

从距离-多普勒成像算法入手,分析了距离徙动校正的过程,指出方位移频干扰在忽视SAR系统二维耦合特性的条件下,会引入距离徙动校正的误差。通过视角与多普勒的紧密关系,推导了以视角作为自变量的移频干扰距离徙动校正误差表达式,分别对各种变量关系下误差量、距离包络分布形式进行了讨论,并给出了方位频移干扰能够正确方位聚焦的频移区间。最后的仿真结果验证了本文内容的正确性,为移频干扰的工程实现和应用提供有力参考。     

SAR距离-多普勒成像算法中的距离徙动及校正

在SAR距离-多普勒成像算法中，距离徙动会使距离向和方位向发生耦合，成像质量下降.典型的距离徙动校正插值算法有：最近邻插值、牛顿插值、辛格插值等.但以上算法的光滑性和收敛性不好，而三次样条函数具有连续的二阶导数，且可采用分段函数的形式，具有很好的光滑性和收敛性.作者用三次样条函数插值进行距离徙动校正，进行了点目标SAR仿真成像，得到了满意的仿真结果.     

稀疏步进频合成孔径雷达成像算法

提出了一种适用于稀疏步进频信号的成像算法,以较少的时间和频谱资源完成了雷达目标成像。该算法将稀疏步进频回波数据等效为均匀步进频回波数据的观测值,利用压缩感知重构算法实现目标区域的距离向重构,然后经过距离徙动校正与方位向脉压完成对目标场景成像。仿真结果表明:该算法在发射频点高度稀疏条件下仍能实现高分辨成像。采用地基雷达实测数据验证了算法的有效性。     

基于运动补偿的机载MIMO-SAR高分辨成像算法

机载多发多收合成孔径雷达(MIMO-SAR)可以实现高分辨成像,但不可避免的存在运动误差补偿的问题。对多子带并发的机载MIMO-SAR系统进行研究,首先建立并分析了MIMO-SAR运动误差模型;然后提出了一种扩展的MIMO-SAR运动补偿距离徙动算法(RMA),通过改进的Stolt映射将距离徙动校正与方位向聚焦分开,并结合两步运动补偿技术对MIMO-SAR回波数据的运动误差进行校正,消除了运动误差带来的影响;最后在空频域对各子带信号进行带宽合成实现了距离向高分辨。用该算法对散射点目标和面目标进行了成像仿真,验证了其在处理带有运动误差的MIMO-SAR回波数据中的有效性。     

改进的斜视机载合成孔径雷达RD成像算法

距离一多普勒算法是合成孔径雷达成像处理中最常用的方法之一,通过在距离一多普勒域中插值来校正距离徙动.研究了机载合成孔径雷达在小斜视角下的成像算法,给出了机载斜视SAR的空间几何模型和回波信号特点.提出了改进的RD算法进行距离走动的校正,避免了插值运算,从而降低了计算复杂度.方法能满足小斜视角下的机载SAR成像处理,并进行了计算机仿真.理论分析和仿真结果表明:改进的RD算法是有效的,在峰值旁瓣比和积分旁瓣比几乎不变的情况下成像时间缩短了近3倍.     

严重方位模糊下的合成孔径雷达微弱运动目标聚焦与参数估计方法

针对现有运动目标聚焦方法存在的对多普勒模糊敏感、信噪比要求高、不能较好地实现无模糊运动参数估计的问题,提出一种严重方位模糊下的合成孔径雷达微弱运动目标聚焦与参数估计方法。首先,构造方位谱压缩函数压缩目标方位谱带宽;其次,应用二阶Keystone变换补偿距离弯曲;随后,通过所构造的距离走动补偿函数与吕氏分布变换(LVD)完成剩余距离徙动和多普勒徙动的补偿,进而实现目标能量聚焦;最后,结合参数粗估计结果,设计一种LVD域的无模糊参数精估计准则。仿真结果表明:该方法不受方位多普勒谱分裂与LVD域多普勒模糊的影响,具有较强的抗噪性,与Radon分数阶傅里叶变换的方法和基于非线性变换的方法相比,信噪比损失分别降低了约2 dB和15 dB。     

LFM脉冲压缩雷达的移频干扰技术研究

脉冲压缩雷达能够同时提高雷达的作用距离和距离分辨率,在现代雷达中被广泛采用.由于线性调频脉冲压缩雷达的距离-多普勒频移之间存在强耦合现象,使其比常规雷达更易受移频干扰.对单假目标移频干扰、线性函数移频干扰和分段线性函数移频干扰进行了理论分析和Matlab仿真验证,并对各种干扰进行比较和分析.仿真实验证明了理论分析的正确性和有效性,在工程实践上提供了对抗脉冲压缩雷达的理论指导.     

基于keystone变换的噪声调频连续波雷达高速目标探测

针对目标高速运动导致严重多普勒色散的问题,提出基于keystone变换的距离徙动校正方法。根据噪声调频连续波无周期性的特点,对回波信号采用等间隔重叠分段法进行频域相关处理。结合快速离散时间尺度变换算法,能够实现高效的长时间相参积累。无需先验知识,能处理多目标场景。通过仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性,并与传统时域相关法进行了比较和分析。当目标未出现距离徙动时,该文方法和时域相关法对目标输出信噪比的提升效果基本一致。当目标出现距离徙动后,时域相关法的输出信噪比迅速下降,恶化程度与徙动严重程度成正比,而该文方法经距离徙动校正后的输出信噪比则基本不受目标速度的影响,且仍随积累时间的增加而增大。     

多普勒频移的一个递推公式

在机载探测平台匀速直线飞行的条件下,基于目标与测站间斜距和相位的变化关系,综合应用速度恒等关系和多普勒频移及其变化率方程,由前一时刻的径向距离、多普勒频移及变化率等参数,递推出当前时刻的多普勒频移值.Matlab软件模拟计算结果验证了所导出的测算式的准确性.     

斜视合成孔径雷达的稀疏降采样数据成像方法

针对合成孔径雷达数据量庞大,不便于存储传输等问题,结合经典的距离多普勒成像算法与压缩感知理论,提出一种稀疏降采样斜视SAR数据的成像方法.在方位向上用随机降采样的方式录取数据,对所得数据进行相应的距离徙动校正和距离脉压,随后将方位向脉压建模为典型的压缩感知模型,用平滑l₀算法重构出二维SAR场景.利用该方法能有效地减少稀疏场景的SAR回波数据量,仅采用传统数据量的25%,即可获得清晰的二维成像结果.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.