培养基对果蝇生长发育的影响

培养基中分别或联合添加葡萄糖、麦麸、活酵母,对各组培养基对黑腹果蝇(Drosophilamelanogaster)野生型与残翅突变型发育周期、子代成蛹量、羽化量、体重及性比的影响进行了研究.结果表明,葡萄糖的加入能提高成蝇体重,却显著降低了子代数量;添加麦麸与活酵母可缩短发育周期、提高子代数量与体重;葡萄糖、麦麸与活酵母三者联合作用显著,使果蝇发育周期缩短、成蛹与羽化高峰期提前,子代数量与体重提高.优化出的配方利于野生型和残翅突变型果蝇的生长,可缩短果蝇发育周期,并获得更多的子代.     

洗涤剂对果蝇生长发育和生殖的影响

为研究洗涤剂对果蝇生长发育和生殖的影响.本实验取亲本置于不同浓度受试物的培养基中,培养得到F1代;随机取2对F1代处女蝇作为F2代亲本,于各相应浓度的培养基中培养.记录F2代的生长发育状况,获得了每管果蝇中幼虫、蛹及成虫首次出现的时间,并统计各浓度梯度下每管果蝇每天羽化的数目.结果表明:经洗涤剂处理后,果蝇后代的数量随着洗涤剂浓度的升高而减少,果蝇后代的羽化速度随着洗涤剂浓度的升高而降低,果蝇的发育也随洗涤剂浓度的升高而减慢.     

不同浓度的硫离子处理果蝇的遗传学效应的研究

用黑腹果蝇 (Drosophilamelanogaser)做试验材料 ,以探讨硫离子对动物生殖、代谢、寿命等的影响 .具体方法 :在果蝇培养基中添加Na2 S,浓度分别为 1 0 0 ,2 0 0 ,30 0 ,40 0 ,50 0 ,60 0mg/L ,设对照 ,培养温度为 (2 5± 1 )℃ .取一对未交配的雌雄蝇放入培养基中 ,待出现子代成蝇时 ,统计成蝇数量 ,记录成蝇羽化延续天数 ,随机选取 2 0只雌雄成蝇分别放入培养基中 ,统计其寿命 .连续培养 4代 .结果发现 ,当培养基中加入Na2 S后 ,果蝇后代的生育力和寿命均随着硫离子浓度的升高而降低 ,在F2 代最为明显 ,但对成蝇羽化延续时间影响不大 .可见硫离子对生物有一定的损伤     

避孕药对不同糖质量浓度下雌性黑腹果蝇寿命的影响

低糖是引起女运动员三联征的主要原因之一,避孕药对运动成绩的影响也存在争议.本文选用模式生物雌性黑腹果蝇作为女运动员研究的模型,通过研究不同白砂糖和避孕药质量浓度对黑腹果蝇寿命的影响,为女运动员健康维护提供理论依据.结果表明雌性黑腹果蝇的寿命与白砂糖浓度成倒U字型相关,在正常糖质量浓度(40.5 mg/mL)条件下雌性黑腹果蝇的寿命显著延长,与此相比,无糖组和高糖组寿命显著降低.在低糖模型(糖质量浓度13.5 mg/mL)和正常糖模型(40.5 mg/mL)下,一定质量浓度的避孕药(0.25 mg/mL)均显著地延长果蝇寿命,而无避孕药和高避孕药质量浓度都不利于雌性黑腹果蝇的生长.在高糖模型下果蝇的寿命随避孕药质量浓度变化不再出现明显的倒U型曲线,寿命最高点的质量浓度出现在4号(0.20 mg/mL)药物质量浓度点.研究结果表明适当服用避孕药可以延长低糖组、正糖组和高糖组条件下雌性黑腹果蝇寿命.     

NaCl对果蝇生物学特性的影响

以三种不同果蝇品系为材料 ,观察不同浓度 Na Cl(0 m mol/L,10 mm ol/L,5 0 mm ol/L,10 0 mm ol/L,2 0 0 mmol/L)对果蝇生物学特性的影响。结果表明 :低浓度 Na Cl(10 mm ol/L)能加快果蝇幼虫生长发育 ,子代数量相应增加 ,高浓度 Na Cl(10 0 m mol/L,2 0 0 mm ol/L)延滞果蝇发育 ,子代数量减少 ;并且果蝇子代中雌蝇多于雄蝇。Na-Cl能缩短果蝇寿命 ,但低浓度组雄蝇寿命却延长。实验结果表明 ,一定量的 Na Cl能够影响果蝇生长发育、子代数量和成虫寿命 ,干扰群体的雌雄平衡。     

雌激素影响果蝇性比机制的研究

本文以果蝇的红白眼色为遗传标记性状,利用红眼雄蝇与白眼雌蝇杂交的方法,研究了乙烯雌酚影响果蝇性比的机制。研究结果表明,在本试验浓度条件下,乙烯雌酚未能使y类型的合子发生性反转,而是对其存在致死作用或是降低了含y染色体的精子的受精机会。     

敌枯双(Bis-A-TDA)对果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)的胚胎毒性及烟酰胺的解毒作用

将野生型果蝇分别培养于含0,10,100,150,200,25O,35O,500,700,1000ppm敌枯双的果蝇培养基上,在25℃交配、产卵6d.子代成蝇羽化后,每天检查其外部畸形并计数.解毒试验组加烟酰胺(NA)、敌枯双(Bis-A-TDA)各200ppm于培养基中.实验结果表明:(1)敌枯双对果蝇的胚胎毒性随剂量增加而上升.(2)烟酰胺能部分解除敌枯双对果蝇的胚胎毒性.(3)低剂量敌枯双(10—100ppm)处理,能增加子代成蝇的羽化数,有促进作用.     

牦牛胎盘活性因子生物学效应的研究

通过在培养基中加入不同浓度的牦牛胎盘粉饲养果蝇,研究牦牛胎盘活性因子对果蝇繁殖力和体重的生物学效应.结果表明:①牦牛胎盘活性因子对提高果蝇的繁殖力有显著作用,当牦牛胎盘粉浓度为0.6%时效果最显著;②牦牛胎盘活性因子对果蝇体重有影响.培养在牦牛胎盘粉浓度为2.4%培养基中的雄果蝇体重与对照组有显著差异,而培养在浓度为0.2%培养基中的雌果蝇体重与浓度为0.6%、1.2%、2.4%培养基中的雌果蝇体重有显著差异.     

磁化水对果蝇生育力和寿命的影响

以果蝇为试验材料,探讨了磁化水对果蝇生育力和寿命的影响.结果发现在配制培养基时加入的适当浓度的磁化水,可提高果蝇后代的生育力和寿命.     

甲醛对果蝇的伤害及维生素C的保护作用研究

以果蝇为材料,探讨了甲醛对果蝇的伤害作用以及维生素C的保护作用.分析了在甲醛和维生素C的影响下,果蝇子代的生存率、幼虫体内的几种主要物质(如核酸和蛋白质)含量的变化动态以及细胞内产生的微核数等.结果发现,随着培养基中甲醛浓度的升高,果蝇子代数量逐渐减少;幼虫体内的蛋白质含量有所降低,核酸含量变化不明显,细胞内微核数量增高.而维生素C对甲醛的毒害存在显著的拮抗效应.当培养多代后,这些效应逐渐减轻.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to