Kinetics of C2(a3Πu) radical reactions with NO, N2O, O2, H2 and NH3

Pulsed laser photolysis/laser-induced fluorescence (LP-LIF) is utilized to measure rate constants for C₂(a³Π_u) reactions with NO, N₂O, O₂, H₂ and NH₃. Multiphoton dissociation of C₂Cl₄ at 266 nm is employed for the generation of C₂(a³Π_u) radicals. The C₂(a³Π_u) concentration is monitored by the fluorescence of the (0, 0) band of the (d³Π_g&#8596;a³Π_u) transition at 516.5 nm. C₂(a³Π_u) removal rate constants for the reactions are determined as k_NO = (5.46 ± 0.10) × 10^-11 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1 , k_N2O = (1.63 ± 0.20) × 10^-13 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1 , k_N2O = (1.58 ± 0.16) × 10^-11 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1, k_O2 = (5.92 ± 1.00) × 10^-14 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1, k_H2< 1.0× 10^-14 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1. Based on the data analysis and theoretical calculation, we suggest that the C₂(a³Π_u) reactions with H₂ and NH₃ proceed via the hydrogen abstraction mechanism, barriers exist at the entrance channel of the reactions of C₂(a³Π_u) with H₂ and NH₃.     

T2分子X1Σg+,B1Σu+和C1Πu态的势能函数

 使用SAC/SAC-CI和D95++^**,6-311++g^**及cc-PVTZ基组,分别对T₂分子的基态X¹Σ_g⁺+、第2激发态B¹Σ_u⁺和第3简并激发态C¹Π_u的平衡结构和谐振频率进行优化计算.对所有计算结果进行比较,得出cc-PVTZ基组为最优基组.运用cc-PVTZ基组和SAC方法对基态X¹Σ_g⁺+,SAC-CI方法对激发态B¹Σ_u⁺和Cu 进行单点能扫描计算,并用正规方程组拟合Murrell-Sorbie函数,得到相应电子态的势能函数解析式,由得到的势能函数计算了与X¹Σ_g⁺+,B¹Σ_u⁺和C¹Π_u态相对应的光谱常数,结果与实验数据吻合.     

Analysis of F1 hybrid and BC1 monosomic alien addition line plants from Brassica oleracea × Sinapis alba by GISH

Sterile and semi-fertile F₁ plants were obtained by intergeneric sexual hybridization between paternal Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra (genome CC, 2n=18) and maternal Sinapis alba (genome SS, 2n=24), BC₁ plants were obtained by backcrossing between paternal B. oleracea and maternal semi-fertile F₁ plants. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) combined with dual-colour fluorescence in situ hybridization (dcFISH) showed that sterile F₁ plants contained 21 chromosomes consisting of one B. oleracea chromosome set and one S. alba chromosome set, belonging to expected hybrids, and semi-fertile F₁ plants contained 30 chromosomes consisting of two B. oleracea chromosome sets and one S. alba chromosome set. It is obvious that the semi-fertile F₁ plants belong to unexpected hybrids. 1―3 trivalents were detected at meiotic metaphase I of semi-fertile F₁ pollen mother cells (PMCs). Different separation ratios of S chromosomes were detected at anaphase I. A monosomic alien addition line (MAAL) was identified by GISH-dcFISH from BC₁ plants; it contained 19 chromosomes consisting of 18 C chromosomes and 1 S chromosome. At meiotic metaphase I, 9 divalents from B. oleracea and one univalent from S. alba could be detected. Sometimes, one putative C-S trivalent could also be detected. The achievement of B. oleracea-S. alba monosomic alien addition lines lays a foundation for gene introgression, location and cloning.     

HBr2 +离子的结构及其解析势能函数

 采用密度泛函（B3LYP）方法,以及6-311++G(2df,2pd)基组优化出了单态HBr⁺²离子的结构参数、离解能和力常数。在此基础上,利用多体项展式方法导出了HBr₂⁺（C_s,X¹ A′）离子的分析势能函数,并获得其势能面,正确的再现了HBr₂⁺离子的平衡结构特征及其离解能,并可由势能图观察到Br(² P_u )+HBr⁺ (X² Π_i)→HBr₂⁺（X¹ A′）反应通道上出现一个鞍点,其位置在R_BrBr=0.42 nm,R_HBr=0.16 nm,∠HB_r B_r=97.5°,V=-5.5 eV,垒高约0.53 eV。为进一步探讨HBr₂⁺离子的反应动力学过程打下了基础。     

125Sb高自旋态: 粒子-核芯激发耦合

利用在束γ谱学方法, 通过¹²⁴Sn (⁷Li, α2n)反应研究了¹²⁵Sb的激发态, 首次建立了¹²⁵Sb的高自旋能级纲图, 其中包括21条新 γ 跃迁和14个新能级. 发现1970, 2110和2470 keV 3个能级为同质异能态, 基于延迟符合测量确定了它们的寿命范围, 并确定其自旋、宇称分别为15/2^-, 19/2^-和23/2⁺. 根据粒子-核芯耦合图像和经验壳模型计算解释了¹²⁵Sb的能级结构, 3个同质异能态的组态分别被指定为πg_7/2 Ä^{v(h_11/2s_1/2)_5-} , πg_7/2 Ä v(h_11/2d_3/2)_7^-, 和πg_7/2 Äv(h²_11/2)_10⁺     

Nitric oxide produced by cumulus cells stimulates maturation of mouse oocytes

The effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a donor of nitric oxide, on meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes was studied by injecting N^w-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) intra-peritoneal (ip), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, or culturing oocytes in the medium supplemented with L-NAME or hypoxanthine (HX) to arrest the spontaneous oocyte maturation in vitro. The results showed that the inhibitory effect of L-NAME by injecting 10 mg/kg ip on extrusion of the first polar body only could be reversed by injecting 2.5 mg/kg SNP with L-NAME simultaneously (P < 0.05). Half an hour later ten mice died when given 10 mg/kg SNP ip. The treatment of some concentrations of SNP (10^–7, 10^–6, 10^–5mol/L) significantly stimulated meiotic maturation to metaphase Ⅱ stages in cumulus enclosed oocytes in the presence of HX. However, other concentrations of SNP (10^–8, 10^–4, 10^–3 mol/L) had no effect on HX-arrested oocyte meiotic maturation. The optimal concentration of SNP on CEOs had no effect on DOs. The dose of 10^–3 mol/LL-NAME demonstrated a significant suppression in formation of PB₁, but not in GVBD. This inhibition was reversed by the addition of SNP. These results indicated that the physiological levels of NO produced by cumulus cells could stimulate meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes both in vivo and in vitro.     

K2MnSnTe4的溶剂热合成和反射光谱研究

采用溶剂热法，以n(K₂Te₄)∶n(MnCl₂·4H₂O)∶n(SnTe) =1∶1∶1的摩尔比、乙二胺作溶剂，在160℃下反应6d，生成黑色块状晶体K₂MnSnTe₄。其结构由具有扩展的网状共价骨架的Zintl负离子 [(MnSnSe₄)^₂-]_n和K⁺正离子堆积而成。漫反射光谱研究表明该晶体具有 1 .75eV能隙 (E_g)，属于半导体，对太阳能具有选择吸收的特性。     

H+2基态近似解析波函数对振动能级影响的研究

具体考察了H^+₂基态近似解析波函数φH^+₂=1/2(1+S)^1/2φH(z,r_a)+φ_H(z,r_b))对振动能级的影响,得到了基于此波函数的波恩-奥本海默近似下的H^+₂势能曲线的解析表达式,并由此计算了振动能.结果发现,当仅考虑H^+₂的基态,z取1.23时,振动能级和平衡位置都与实验值很相符.当考虑较高的振动能级时,波函数中的z取1.13会更合理,因此时的振动能级和实际振动能级值符合得很好.     

PCln (n=-1,0,+1)分子离子基态的结构与势能函数

 基于Gaussian03计算软件,选用高角动量基函数6-311++g(df,pd),分别使用密度泛函理论UB3LYP和UB3P86,以及组态相互作用方法UCCSD-FC和UQCISD-FC,对PCl分子和PCl⁺,PCl^-离子基态进行了几何优化,进一步对其进行了频率计算和单点能扫描计算.用最小二乘法拟合得到了PCl^<em>n(n=-1,0,+1)分子离子基态的Murrell-Sorbie势能函数.与实验及理论结果比较表明,对PCl,PCl⁺分子离子基态光谱常数 (B_e,α_e,ω_e,ω_ex_e)的计算结果达到了很高的精度.文章还首次给出PCl^-分子离子基态光谱参数(B_e,α_e,ω_e,ω_ex_e)和PClⁿ(n=-1,0,+1)力常数(f₂,f₃,f₄)的理论数据,为PClⁿ(n=-1,0,+1)分子离子的更深层次研究和应用提供重要的理论基础.     

双原子分子离子XY+势能函数的变分

基于能量变分的思想建议了获得双原子分子离子XY⁺势能精确数据的新解析势能函数. 该新势函数中的离子Coulomb作用势包含了各级高阶修正, 收敛迅速且变分可调. 用这种新的解析势函数和能量自洽法(ECM), 对部分双原子分子离子XY⁺的8个电子状态——CO⁺的A²Π态, Li⁺₂的X²Σ⁺_g态, He⁺₂的X²Σ⁺_g态, Na⁺₂的1²Π_u态, N⁺₂的A²Π_u态, KrH⁺的X¹Σ⁺态, SiO⁺的X²Σ⁺态和SO⁺的A²Π态的势能进行了研究, 并与常用的Huxley-Murrell-Sorbie (HMS)势、基于实验的Rydberg-Klein-Rees (RKR)数据和量子力学从头计算的结果进行了比较. 结果表明, 离子XY⁺的新的解析势函数明显优于HMS解析势能, 与RKR数据符合得很好. 而且在离子的渐近区和离解区域, 新的解析变分势能也往往比量子力学从头计算的结果更可靠.     

Synthesis and structure of Cu5(BTA)6(TTA)4 · 5DMF, a copper-nitrogen cluster containing η Π3-benzotriazolate

The title cluster compound—Cu₅(BTA)₆(TTA)₄·5DMF was prepared using thenyltrifluoroacetone and benzotriazolate ligands. The crystal structure indicates that a tetrahedral array of Cu(1), Cu(2), Cu(3) and Cu(4) ions surrounding a central Cu(5) ion are held together by bridging tridentate BTA^- and terminated by TTA^- bond cap. The three nitrogen atoms of a BTA^- bond three different copper ions to form a η³-benzotriazolate. The central Cu ion has a distorted octahedral structure and the surrounding Cu ions are 5 coordinated forming distorted tetragonal structures. The distances between the surrounding Cu(Ⅱ) ions and the central Cu(Ⅱ) ion are in the range of 0.3561—0.3755 nm and those between the surrounding Cu(Ⅱ) ions are in the range of 0.5785—0.6301 nm.     

La0.7-xGdxSr0.3MnO3体系的输运行为

研究了La位Gd掺杂对La_0.7-xGd_xSr_0.3MnO₃ ( x = 0.00, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, 0.70)体系的电输运性质和磁阻效应的影响. 实验结果表明: 高掺杂时的输运性质发生异常, 在x= 0.50时, 发现了在ABO₃结构中很少出现过的在T_c附近发生绝缘-金属相变之后又发生从金属到绝缘相变的现象; 对x = 0.60, 0.70体系在远离T_c的温区就表现为绝缘体. 这些反常行为归因于不同的磁背景, 即体系由长程铁磁有序向自旋团簇玻璃态、反铁磁状态转变.     

Y2Fe17-xCrx的结构和居里温度

利用准第一原理原子间相互作用势对Y₂Fe_17-xCr_x的结构进行了原子级模拟. 并研究了Cr原子在Y₂Fe₁₇结构中的择优占位行为, 结果表明Cr原子择优占据4f,12j晶位. 在Cr原子择优代位的基础上, 详细计算了Y₂Fe_17-xCr_x的晶体结构, 原子晶位和晶格常数, 这些都与实验结果吻合很好. 进一步计算了弛豫结构的态密度, 并利用自旋波理论对居里温度的先升后降的行为进行定性解释. 上述结果表明了第一原理原子间相互作用势在研究此类化合物的有效性.     

直流脉冲放电产生SO分子束:A'3→X3∑-跃迁

采用直流脉冲高压对SO₂/He(配比1:99,总压强3.0×10⁵Pa)混合气体放电产生SO超声分子束,SO自由基由电离其前体SO₂再解离而形成．发射光谱中350~500 nm波长范围的电子振动谱标识为SO(A'³→X³∑^-)跃迁,通过对实验谱线拟合,获得了该跃迁的带源ν₀₀ = 29524(8) cm^-1,SO(A'³Δ)的光谱常数ω'_e = 742(6) cm^-1, ω'_eχ'_e = 5.9(2.0) cm^-1, 以及基电子态的光谱常数ω'_e = 1165(5) cm-1, ω'_eχ'_e = 6.4(0.5) cm^_-1.     

化合物SmCo7-xTix的磁性及电子结构

用自旋极化的MS-Xα方法研究了化合物SmCo_7-xTi_x的电子态密度、自旋能级劈裂及原子磁矩. 研究表明, 由于化合物中Sm-Co间的轨道杂化效应, 使Sm(5d⁰)空轨道上占据了部分5d电子. 5d-3d 电子间的直接交换作用, 构成Sm-Co间的主要耦合方式, 这是在化合物中形成长程磁有序的一个重要因素. SmCo_7-xTi_x的居里温度比金属Co明显降低, 主要是因为2e位原子与其他原子之间存在着负交换耦合作用, 从而使Co-Co之间交换劈裂平均值减少的缘故. 研究结果也表明, 掺杂原子Ti使2e位的负耦合作用减弱, Fermi面处电子间键合作用增强, 化合物的系统自由能降低, 从而有利于形成稳定的铁磁性结构. 考虑到Fermi面处4f电子的扩展特征, 以及化合物中轨道杂化效应所产生的部分5d电子, 可以得到化合物总磁矩为9.47 μ_B, 与实验值基本符合.     

短寿命β-放射性核12B磁矩精确测量

通过对核反应¹¹B(d, p) ¹²B的入射束流能量和¹²B反冲核的反冲角度的选择产生极化的β放射性核¹²B(I^π=1⁺, T_1/2=20.18 ms). 在中国第一台β-NMR和β-NQR谱仪上, 我们利用β-NMR技术测量了短寿命核¹²B的磁矩. 通过精确的奈特位移修正后, 得到¹²B的核磁矩μ ＝(0.99993 ± 0.00048) nm, g因子g =(0.99993 ± 0.00048).     

Nd0.5Sr0.5Mn1&#8722;x(Gax, Tix)O3 体系中的电荷有序与自旋有序

通过磁化强度和电子自旋共振（ESR）测量，研究了Nd_0.5Sr_0.5Mn_1&#8722;x(Ga_x, Ti_x)O₃(0.04≤x≤0.4)体系的磁特性.发现用少量Ti替代Mn就完全破坏了系统的电荷有序(CO)相,并诱导出团簇自旋玻璃相,这显示了一个CO的坍塌和自旋有序(SO)相增强的过程.然而,用Ga替代Mn将导致系统CO 相的融化.研究还发现,随着Ga替代的增加,CO相逐渐被抑制,但残留的CO相总是存在;而且在低温区反铁磁(AFM)CO相和铁磁(FM)SO共存.此外,我们还观察到磁化强度-温度(M-T)曲线中磁化强度的急剧上升,并把这个反常现象归因于CO区域内从倾斜的AFM SO到FM SO的相变.     

Microstructure and wear resistance of PTA clad Cr7C3/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating

A wear resistant Cr₇C₃/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating was fabricated on substrate of the hardening and tempering C degree steel by PTA (plasma transferred arc) cladding with (wt%) Fe-25Cr-7C elemental powder blends. Microstructure of the coating was characterized by OM, SEM, XRD and EDS. Wear resistance of the coating was tested under dry sliding wear condition at room temperature. The results indicate that the PTA clad ceramal composite coating has a rapidly solidified fine microstructure consisting of Cr₇C₃ primary particles uniformly distributed in the γ-Fe matrix and is metallurgically bonded to the C degree steel substrate. The PTA clad Cr₇C₃/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating has high hardness and excellent wear resistance under dry sliding wear test conditions. The excellent wear resistance of the Cr₇C₃/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating is attributed to the coating’s high hardness, strong covalent atomic bonding and refined microstructure.     

Microstructure and wear resistance of PTA clad Cr7C3/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating

A wear resistant Cr₇C₃/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating was fabricated on substrate of the hardening and tempering C degree steel by PTA (plasma transferred arc) cladding with (wt%) Fe-25Cr-7C elemental powder blends. Microstructure of the coating was characterized by OM, SEM, XRD and EDS. Wear resistance of the coating was tested under dry sliding wear condition at room temperature. The results indicate that the PTA clad ceramal composite coating has a rapidly solidified fine microstructure consisting of Cr₇C₃ primary particles uniformly distributed in the γ-Fe matrix and is metallurgically bonded to the C degree steel substrate. The PTA clad Cr₇C₃/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating has high hardness and excellent wear resistance under dry sliding wear test conditions. The excellent wear resistance of the Cr₇C₃/γ-Fe ceramal composite coating is attributed to the coating’s high hardness, strong covalent atomic bonding and refined microstructure.     

Direct observation of the clockwise light-driven rotation of F<Subscript>0</Subscript>F<Subscript>1</Subscript>-ATP synthase complex

The purified thermophilic bacterium PS3 F₁ β _10×His-tag is inserted into the F_oF₁-ATP synthases of chro-matophores isolated from photosynthetic bacteria Rhodo-spirillum rubrum. The studies of biochemical properties of the hybrid chromatophores show that they have both protons-driving capability and photophosphorylation. The fluorescent actin filaments, as a marker of its orientation by video-microscopic experiment, are connected via Maleimido-C₃-NTA to the reconstituted β_10×His-tag of F_oF₁-ATP synthases. The clockwise rotation of F_oF₁-ATP synthases driven by light is observed directly when viewed from the F_o side to F₁. This system should be valuable for further studying the coupling property of F_oF₁-ATP synthase.