含有大的吸电子取代基化合物GeR_2Cl_2(R=Ar,Ar′和Ar″)的合成、晶体结构与~(19)F NMR

GeCl4与ArLi和Ar′Li(Ar″Li与Ar′Li 1∶1的混合物)反应生成化合物GeAr2Cl2,GeArCl3和GeAr″2Cl2,测定了GeAr2Cl2和GeAr″2Cl2的晶体结构,并进行了19F NMR表征.     

Ar/SiCl_4大气压等离子体射流沉积SiO_2薄膜

以氩气为携带气体,SiCl4为源材料,使用双频(50kHz/33 MHz)组合功率源大气压等离子体射流(APPJ)装置,以空气中的氧气作为氧化物质沉积SiO2薄膜.用发射光谱检测等离子体组成物种,并研究了随源材料(SiCl4)含量的不同,体系内各主要物种的变化情况并以此得到较优的沉积条件.分别用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)以及傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)对所沉积薄膜的形貌、化学成分和化学结构进行检测.XPS表明薄膜主要组成元素为Si、O以及少量的Cl.FT-IR显示薄膜化学结构主要为Si-O-Si和Si-OH键.     

Effect of Al_2O_3 on the viscosity of CaO–SiO_2–Al_2O_3–MgO–Cr_2O_3 slags

We investigated the effect of Al_2O_3 content on the viscosity of CaO–SiO_2–Al_2O_3–8wt%MgO–1wt%Cr_2O_3 (mass ratio of CaO/SiO_2is 1.0,and Al_2O_3 content is 17wt%–29wt%) slags.The results show that the viscosity of the slag increases gradually with increases in the Al_2O_3content in the range of 17wt%to 29wt%due to the role of Al_2O_3 as a network former in the polymerization of the aluminosilicate structure of the slag.With increases in the Al_2O_3 content from 17wt%to 29wt%,the apparent activation energy of the slags also increases from 180.85 to 210.23 k J/mol,which is consistent with the variation in the critical temperature.The Fourier-transform infrared spectra indicate that the degree of polymerization of this slag is increased by the addition of Al_2O_3.The application of Iida’s model for predicting the slag viscosity in the presence of Cr_2O_3 indicates that the calculated viscosity values fit well with the measured values when both the temperature and Al_2O_3 content are at relatively low levels,i.e.,the temperature range of 1673 to 1803 K and the Al_2O_3 content range of 17wt%–29wt%in CaO–SiO_2–Al_2O_3–8wt%MgO–1wt%Cr_2O_3 slag.     

^40Ar／^39Ar dating of Daqingshan thrust

The Daqingshan thrust system is an important part of the western segment of the Mesozoic Yinshan-Yanshan orogenic belt. Therefore, much attention has been paid to the thrusts due also to their large-scale and entirely devel-oped structural elements and typical structural styles. Studies and progress have been concentrated on the ge-ometry, kinematics, dating and dynamic mechanism of the thrust and thrusting. To date, there have been no reliable published isotopic data, however, on the dating…     

金属铌表面Ar/O2等离子体在线清洗的实验研究

超导铌腔的碳氢污染问题导致铌表面的功函数下降, 引起场致发射, 使超导腔的加速梯度恶化, 运行一段时间后必须对其碳氢污染进行清洗才能保证正常使用. 针对众多清洗装置用等离子体清洗后无法对其清洗效果进行准确、及时地判断从而控制清洗截止点, 而采用离线测试又会造成一定的二次污染的问题,本文提出了基于静电四极等离子体(Electrostatic Quadrupole Plasma, EQP)质谱分析仪及开尔文探针的等离子体清洗及在线监测装置, 成功地将等离子体清洗与残余气体监测集成并投入使用. 实验过程中, 通过在线监测清洗的副产物及功函数的变化, 证明了电感耦合等离子体源产生的密度为1016~1017 m-3的氩、氧混合等离子体, 能有效清除铌样品表面的碳氢污染, 并对铌表面进行一定的氧化改性, 将功函数由4.0 eV提升至5.3 eV左右.     

Synthesis of a NiTi_2–AlNi–Al_2O_3 nanocomposite by mechanical alloying and heat treatment of Al–TiO_2–NiO

The aim of the present study was to investigate the phases formed during ball milling of Al–TiO_2–NiO. For this purpose, a mixture of Al–TiO_2–NiO with a molar ratio of 6:1:1 was used. Characterization of the milled powders by X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy showed the formation of nanocrystalline NiTi_2 along with AlNi. A thermodynamical investigation confirmed that NiO was reduced by Al during ball milling, which consequently promoted TiO_2 reduction and the formation of NiTi_2. Al is capable of reducing NiO either during ball milling or at temperatures above the melting point of Al; by contrast, TiO_2 can be reduced by Al only by milling.     

Oxidation behaviours of Nb–22Ti–15Si–2Al–2Hf–2V–(2, 14)Cr alloys with Al and Y modified silicide coatings prepared by pack cementation

Al and Y modified silicide coatings on the Nb-15Si-22Ti-(2,14)Cr-2Al-2Hf-2V alloys(where the alloy with 2 at%Cr or 14 at%Cr is hereafter referred to as 2Cr and 14 Cr alloy,respectively) was prepared by pack cementation.The microstructural evolution and the oxidation behaviours of the coating 2Cr and 14 Cr samples at 1250 ℃ were studied.The 2Cr alloy consists of Nb solid solution(Nb_(SS)) and α-Nb_5Si_3 silicide,while the Laves C15-Cr_2Nb phase arised in the 14 Cr alloy.The coating structure of the coating 2Cr sample contained the outer(Nb,X)Si_2+(Nb,X)_5Si_3 layer,the middle(Nb,X)_5Si_3 layer and the inner undeveloped intermetallic(Nb,Ti)_3(Al,X) layer,the structure of the coating 14 Cr sample consisted of the outer single(Nb,X)Si_2 layer,the middle(Nb,X)_5Si_3 layer,the transition(Nb,Ti)(Cr,Al) layer and the inner(Cr,Al)_2(Nb,Ti) layer.The coating 14 Cr sample exhibited better oxidation resistance than the coating 2Cr sample.With an outer single(Nb,X)Si_2 layer,a compact oxide scale consisting of SiO_2 and TiO_2 formed on the coating14 Cr sample,which can efficiently prevent the substrate from oxidising.For the coating 2Cr sample with an outer(Nb,X)Si_2 +(Nb,X)_5Si_3 layer,the oxide scale of the SiO_2,TiO_2,Nb_2O_5 and CrNbO_4 mixture generated,and the scale spalled out from the surface of the sample,resulting in disastrous failure.     

40Ar/39Ar同位素体系及其在地学上的应用

40Ar/39Ar同位素体系大体经历了3个技术阶段常规 40Ar/39Ar定年技术、40Ar/39Ar分步加热定年技术和40Ar/39Ar激光显微探针定年技术.研究表明可以通过大气中40Ar/39Ar比值随时间的变化窥探地球去气作用的时间和强度;40Ar/39Ar法不仅有助于研究岩浆冷却过程和花岗岩侵位机制等岩浆动力学的历史和壳幔演化,而且对研究热液成矿年龄也是很有效方法之一;在一定的地质条件下,沉积地层时代越老,40Ar/39Ar值越高;当今40Ar/39Ar年代法已为全球环境演变研究提供了一种强有力的工具.     

Reduction mechanism of high-chromium vanadium–titanium magnetite pellets by H_2–CO–CO_2 gas mixtures

The reduction of high-chromium vanadium–titanium magnetite as a typical titanomagnetite containing 0.95wt% V2O5 and 0.61wt% Cr2O3 by H2–CO–CO2 gas mixtures was investigated from 1223 to 1373 K. Both the reduction degree and reduction rate increase with increasing temperature and increasing hydrogen content. At a temperature of 1373 K, an H2/CO ratio of 5/2 by volume, and a reduction time of 40 min, the degree of reduction reaches 95%. The phase transformation during reduction is hypothesized to proceed as follows: Fe2O3 → Fe3O4 → FeO → Fe; Fe9 TiO 15 + Fe2Ti3O9 → Fe2.75Ti0.25O4 → FeT iO 3 → TiO 2;(Cr0.15V0.85)2O3 → Fe2VO4; and Cr1.3Fe0.7O3 → FeC r2O4. The reduction is controlled by the mixed internal diffusion and interfacial reaction at the initial stage; however, the interfacial reaction is dominant. As the reduction proceeds, the internal diffusion becomes the controlling step.     

Ar/O2等离子体处理烟草中主要化学成分的初步研究

为了优化调制烟叶中的化学成分,采用了低温常压Ar/O2等离子体处理方法结合近红外光谱分析,对烟草考察了不同放电时间的处理效果.结果显示:等离子体处理后,烟碱等主要的五种化学成分的含量随处理时间的增加均有改变.因此,需要对输入气体、放电电压、放电距离等更多的影响因素进行深入研究,达到提高烟叶品质的目的.     

AOD法冶炼不锈钢过程中Ar/O_2值的确定

用热力学方法研究AOD法冶炼不锈钢过程,讨论脱碳与保铬的关系,这对冶炼过程选择合理的Ar/O_2值有很重要的意义。合理地选择Ar/O_2,可以防止吹炼去碳时铬被过量烧损,保证有效地节约氩气,调整熔池温度,使操作顺利进行。 为进行讨论所采用的热力学数据如下:     

低温低压下H_2－N_2－Ar体系汽液平衡研究与应用

介绍了空气分离装置带精氩塔工艺流程中Ｈ２－Ｎ２－Ａｒ体系汽液相平衡计算的数学模型，根据实验数据，将Ｓｏａｖｅ方程中的参数ａＨ２进行了回归。经与大量实验数据比较，表明本文改进的Ｓｏａｖｅ方程对低温低压下Ｈ２－Ｎ２－Ａｒ体系汽液相平衡计算的精度较高，本文还用Ｓｏａｖｅ方程首次对精氩工艺流程、精氩塔的精馏工况及分凝器的热力参数等进行了计算，结果均较满意。     

低温低压下H2—N2—Ar体系汽液平衡研究与应用

介绍了空气分离装置带精氩塔工艺流程中Ｈ２－Ｎ２－Ａｒ体系汽车液相平衡计算的数学模型，根据实验数据，将Ｓｏａｖｅ方程中的参数αＨ２进行了回归，经与大量实验数据比较，表明本文改造进的Ｓｏａｖｅ方程对低低压下Ｈ２－Ｎ２－Ａｒ体系汽液相平衡计算度较高，本言语文还用Ｓｏａｖｅ方程首次对精氩工艺流程，精氩塔的精馏工况及分凝器的热力参数等进行了计算，结果均较满意。     

Laser step-heating ^40Ar/^39Ar dating on young volcanic rocks

An attempt was made to use CO_2 laser step-heating method to date the late Pleistocene basaltic groundmass (DF-2) from Tengchong volcanic field. Among the fourteen heating steps, ten define a good inverse isochron (MSWD = 1.4) with an age of 32.2 ± 7.1 ka (2 σ).The inverse isochron also shows that the initial argon isotopic ratio is 297.1±2.0 (2σ) which is the same as the atmospheric argon at the 2σ error level. Study indicates that it is a useful means to date young volcanic groundmass with low K content by using CO_2 laser step-heating ~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar method.     

江西庐山中生代构造事件的40Ar/39Ar同位素年龄研究

江西庐山"星子变质核杂岩"中发育有大量中生代花岗岩,这些花岗岩中具有强烈的韧脆性剪切变形,典型的新生变质矿物为绢云母.通过对庐山海会花岗岩(其形成年龄为122～130 Ma)中动力变质矿物绢云母进行40Ar/39Ar法同位素测年,分别获得104.22 Ma±0.18 Ma和104.95 Ma±0.22 Ma的坪年龄值,以及104.7 Ma土0.36 Ma和105.03Ma±0.8 Ma的等时线年龄值,这表明江西庐山地区在130～104 Ma期间经历了从伸展构造环境向左行走滑构造环境的转变.     

二道沟矿床绢云母的39Ar/40Ar年龄及其地质意义

通过对绢云母３９Ａｒ－４０Ａｒ坪年龄的研究,得到二道沟金矿床的成矿年龄为１４０±２．８Ｍａ;从年代方面证实了金矿化与对面沟花岗闪长岩无直接关系,而与火山岩和次火山岩有密切的关系;该矿床是一岩浆热液为主要来源而混入有一部分大气降水的浅成低温热液型金矿床     

Dynamic recrystallization behavior of the Ti–48Al–2Cr–2Nb alloy during isothermal hot deformation

The hot deformation behavior of the as-cast Ti–48Al–2Cr–2Nb alloy was investigated by isothermal compression tests at deformation temperatures ranging from 1000℃ to 1200℃,and strain rates from 0.001 s~(-1)to 0.1 s~(-1).The single peak stress features common to all flow curves indicate that DRX is the dominating softening mechanism.The calculated values of the hot deformation activation energy Q and stress index n are 296.5 kJ mol~(-1)and 3.97,respectively.Based on this,the Arrhenius type constitutive equation was successfully established.The DRX critical condition model and relationship among DRX volume fractions,deformation temperatures and strain rates were obtained to optimize the process.Combined with microstructure analysis,it's concluded that 1200℃/0.01s~(-1)is the optimization parameter.Besides,both DDRX and CDRX were observed in theγphase evolution.The deformation mechanism from the inter-grain dislocation motion to the grain boundary migration and grain rotation was discussed.     

Fe–0.3C–9Mn–2Al中锰钢的热塑性行为

The hot ductility of a Fe–0.3C–9Mn–2Al medium Mn steel was investigated using a Gleeble3800 thermo-mechanical simulator. Hot tensile tests were conducted at different temperatures (600–1300°C) under a constant strain rate of 4 × 10?3 s?1. The fracture behavior and mechanism of hot ductility evolution were discussed. Results showed that the hot ductility decreased as the temperature was decreased from 1000°C. The reduction of area (RA) decreased rapidly in the specimens tested below 700°C, whereas that in the specimen tested at 650°C was lower than 65%. Mixed brittle–ductile fracture feature is reflected by the coexistence of cleavage step, intergranular facet, and dimple at the surface. The fracture belonged to ductile failure in the specimens tested between 720–1000°C. Large and deep dimples could delay crack propagation. The change in average width of the dimples was in positive proportion with the change in RA. The wide austenite–ferrite intercritical temperature range was crucial for the hot ductility of medium Mn steel. The formation of ferrite film on austenite grain boundaries led to strain concentration. Yield point elongation occurred at the austenite–ferrite intercritical temperature range during the hot tensile test.     

河南老湾金矿床40Ar/39Ar定年及铅同位素研究

河南老湾金矿床为桐柏山北坡金银成矿带的主要组成矿床 ,矿床分布受龟山岩组、老湾花岗岩和韧性剪切带控制。石英单矿物的 4 0 Ar/ 39Ar定年方法测得金矿床的成矿年龄为 ( 91.5± 1.0 ) Ma,即金矿床形成于燕山晚期。铅同位素的研究结果表明燕山晚期形成的老湾花岗岩为矿床形成提供了成矿热液和主要的成矿物质 ,龟山岩组变质岩为矿床的另一个物源     

Ar+BaI2碰撞中的粒子群关联与集体性

基于文献（１，２）方法，提出了粒子群关联概念，并以此建立了一种检测集合流的新方法，采用新方法对１，２ＡＧｅＶＡｒ＋ＢａＩ碰撞的Ｂｅｖａｌａｃ流光室４π实验事件粒子群的关联进行了研究，通过与蒙特卡罗结果比较，推测该实验事件的集体流的“集体性”不小于８０％。