铁水包顶底喷粉脱硫对比试验研究

通过狭缝式喷粉透气砖底喷吹和常规喷枪顶喷吹两种方式,将电石基粉喷入20 t铁水包中对含镍铁水进行脱硫对比试验.结果表明:在每吨铁脱硫粉剂消耗量为4 kg铁条件下,底喷粉工艺脱硫率为81%~90%,铁水温降为23~36℃;顶喷粉工艺脱硫率为59%~73%,铁水温降为45~70℃.顶、底喷粉处理时间无明显区别,底喷粉处理总时间始终比顶喷粉处理时间短约5 min.底喷吹脱硫工艺具有脱硫效率高、铁水温降小、处理周期短等优点.     

钢包底喷粉元件狭缝粗糙壁面对粉气流输送行为影响

针对钢包底喷粉精炼新工艺,研究了底喷粉元件狭缝粗糙壁面对粉气流输送行为影响规律.通过分析颗粒-粗糙壁面的碰撞过程,提出了壁面粗糙角概率分布函数,建立了颗粒历史影响模型,基于欧拉-拉格朗日法,模拟研究了钢包底喷粉元件缝隙内粉气流输送行为,考察了壁面粗糙度对颗粒运动轨迹、颗粒速度分布及颗粒质量浓度分布的影响,预测了近壁面附近颗粒的运动轨迹.结果表明:粗糙壁面增加了颗粒壁面碰撞的频率,导致颗粒输送动能降低,脉动速度增加,并促使粉剂颗粒在底喷粉元件缝隙内均匀分布.     

进料体积分数对旋流分离柱分离性能的影响

基于数值试验系统考察了进料体积分数对旋流分离柱分离性能及颗粒运动行为的影响.结果表明,随着进料体积分数的增加,各粒级在底流中的分配率降低,分离粒度增加,底流夹细现象减弱,但过高的进料体积分数则导致溢流跑粗现象.高的进料体积分数意味着旋流分离柱内颗粒聚集程度增加,随内旋流运动的颗粒量增加.在Z=-400mm平面,颗粒轴向速度随着进料体积分数的增加而增大,向底流口运动的颗粒所需要穿过的内旋流区域增大,粗颗粒被内旋流裹挟的可能性增加.随着进料体积分数的增加颗粒切向速度降低,导致颗粒受到的离心力减小,向内迁移的可能性增大,进一步增加了颗粒在内旋流区域的聚集.     

固体颗粒物诱发溢流阀调压失效的作用机制

针对实际中出现的先导式溢流阀调压失效现象,运用FLUENT中的欧拉-欧拉多相流模型对溢流阀中含有均压槽的主阀配合间隙内流场进行液固两相流二维轴对称数值计算.研究发现:固体颗粒物在均压槽内有高度聚集现象,均压槽内贴近阀体壁面的半月形区域中固相体积分数最大值是进口的10倍左右,液流主流束和均压槽底部固相体积分数较低;当阀芯运动方向与间隙内压力梯度方向相反时,均压槽出口间隙将浸入高体积分数固相区,部分颗粒在压差作用下将嵌入均压槽出口后的间隙中,引起阀芯卡滞,进而诱发调压失效.     

工业级MIP提升管反应器气固两相流动特性的数值模拟

以工业上多产异构烷烃催化裂化工艺(MIP)装置的提升管反应器为研究对象,采用欧拉-欧拉双流体模型对反应器的气固两相流动行为进行三维冷态数值模拟。采用计算流体力学(CFD)模拟方法分析了预提升段、一反段和二反段的气固流动特性,并对比了催化剂颗粒入口的质量流量与原料油入口的质量流量之比(剂油比)分别为6、7、8时反应器内的流动特性。模拟结果表明MIP提升管反应器内存在典型的非均匀流动特点。随着剂油比的增加,催化剂颗粒的轴向速度降低,固相体积分数增加。     

离心式杂质泵蜗壳内部流场数值模拟

利用计算流体动力学分析软件,对离心式杂质泵的内部流场进行了数值模拟.计算了颗粒直径为0.076mm,固相体积分数为10%的两相流工况下的三维湍流流场,得到了蜗壳内的速度、压力和固相体积分数分布等流动信息.计算结果表明：自进口至最大半径处蜗壳内的速度不断减小,压力逐渐增大,颗粒体积分数随半径增大而增大.     

透气砖在炉底位置与钢液吹氩行为的数值模拟

以精炼钢包为研究对象,在不同的透气砖位置的条件下,采用多相流模型计算了吹氩后钢包内钢液的流场,通过对流场数值的多元回归,计算了透气砖在钢包底部的最佳位置.结果表明:随着透气砖在钢包底部位置的变化,吹氩对钢液的搅拌效果也有很大的影响,当透气砖位置在钢包底部距中心位置为0.44R0～0.48R0之间时,底吹氩对钢液搅拌得更均匀.     

正交试验法优选养心安神颗粒醇提工艺

优选养心安神颗粒的最佳醇提取工艺.采用正交试验法以含五味子醇甲的量、干膏得率为指标,考察乙醇体积分数、溶剂倍数、提取时间和提取次数四因素对醇提工艺的影响.色谱条件:Diamonsil C18色谱柱(5μm,4.6 mm×250 mm);流动相为甲醇-水(55:45);流速1.0 mL/min;柱温30℃.结果确定养心安神颗粒的最佳醇提取工艺为70％的乙醇溶液提取3次(第1次8倍量,第2次6倍量,第3次4倍量),每次2 h.优选的醇提工艺合理,验证了优选醇提工艺的可行性,为养心安神颗粒醇提取工艺的确定提供了实验依据.     

小粒径固液两相流在螺旋离心泵内运动的数值分析

针对螺旋离心泵内固液两相流动比较复杂的情况,以黄河含沙水为工作介质,采用改变沙粒粒径和含沙水体积分数的方法,对小粒径颗粒在螺旋离心泵内的流动进行了数值模拟.通过内流场的速度、压力与颗粒分布,分析了粒径大小对泵内固体颗粒运动的影响和进口固相初始体积分数对泵内压力和固相分布的影响,得出压力沿叶轮工作面和背面的分布规律以及固相体积分数沿叶轮轴面、叶片背面和工作面的分布规律,并在此基础上给出了螺旋离心泵内的磨损特性.     

泥沙颗粒直径及体积分数对高比转速离心泵的影响

基于小粒径固液两相流在高比转速离心泵内运动比较复杂的情况,以黄河含沙水为工作介质,采用改变颗粒直径和含沙水颗粒体积分数的方法,借助Mixture多相流模型扩展的标准k-ε湍流方程与simple算法,应用CFD软件对小粒径颗粒在高比转速离心泵内的流动进行数值模拟.通过内流场的速度、压力与颗粒分布,分析粒径大小对泵内固体颗粒运动的影响和进口固相初始体积分数对泵内压力和固相分布的影响,给出离心式泵叶轮的磨损特性.计算结果表明,相同的泥沙体积分数条件下,水泵的扬程随着颗粒直径的增大而下降,相同的泥沙颗粒直径条件下,水泵的扬程随着含沙水流中泥沙体积分数的增大而下降.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.