提前期与订货成本可控的集成库存模型

在提前期可控、订购成本可减的情况下,研究了有顾客流失的单买方和单卖方联合期望总成本最小化问题.将订购批量、单位订购成本、安全系数、提前期和运送批次作为决策变量,在提前期需求服从正态分布和分布形式未知的情况下各建立了一套库存决策模型和求解算法,并与Liao等模型的求解结果进行了比较.     

定期信用支付期影响价格折扣的最优订购模型

针对支付期滞后和资金具有时值的情况,将基于订货间隔期约束的最优订购模型转化为一个无约束的费用最小化问题,对模型构建过程进行了简化,进而给出定期信用支付期影响价格折扣的最优订购模型,并推导了该模型的最优解,最后通过一个简单的算例进行了验证     

含2部分费用的订购费用和库存费的库存模型

传统的确定性经济批量模型所解决的问题都是假定订购费用和库存费是固定不变的,文章在放松这个假定的情况下,研究了常数需求率下,含2部分费用的订购费用和库存费的变质性物品的库存模型。在该模型中,假定订购费用和库存费都包含固定费用和可变费用2部分费用,此外,允许短缺发生且短缺部分延期供给,证明了模型最优解的存在性和唯一性,通过数值实例验证了模型的求解过程,并作了相关参数的灵敏度分析。     

提前支付折扣条件下供应链库存与定价策略

延期支付信用时的库存策略得到了较多的关注,然而对提前支付信用条件下的库存策略研究较少.针对这一不足,研究了需求随机时,在单个供应商和单个零售商组成的供应链中,当供应商的对零售商提前支付给予价格折扣优惠时,零售商的最优采购策略和供应商的最优折扣策略.零售商在给定价格折扣时,确定最优的提前采购批量和总的采购批量,而供应商则根据零售商对价格折扣的反应设定最优的价格折扣策略.数值算例验证了论文的结论.     

信用支付条件下考虑累进制价格折扣的EOQ模型研究

从零售商的角度出发,研究了在供应商给定信用支付和累进制价格折扣的条件下其最优订购策略.在需求率固定,每次订购量不变等假设下,以单位货物总费用CITV(T)为目标函数,建立了分段函数形式的数学模型.通过推导、求解,得到经济订货周期T*及经济订购批量Q*,最后通过算例验证了模型的正确性与可行性.     

信用支付条件下考虑累进制价格折扣的EOQ模型

从零售商的角度出发,研究了在供应商给定信用支付和累进制价格折扣的条件下其最优订购策略.在需求率固定,每次订购量不变等假设下,以单位货物总费用CITV(T)为目标函数,建立了分段函数形式的数学模型.通过推导、求解,得到经济订货周期T*及经济订购批量Q*,最后通过算例验证了模型的正确性与可行性.     

弹性需求下三级供应链价格折扣协调模型

针对由单一制造商、单一分销商和单一零售商构成的三级供应链系统,研究了市场弹性需求条件下考虑产品订货数量的价格折扣问题．通过对未提供价格折扣和提供价格折扣下最大利润理论决策模型的分析,设计了考虑生产批量、订购批量和价格折扣联合的决策模型;在合理拟订和调整最佳x值下,使供应链节点企业实现利润共享．通过算例验证了该模型能够使得供应链各企业在市场弹性需求环境下达到有效协调并使整体利润最大化．     

企业存货经济订购批量的分析方法及其应用

通过对企业存货成本项目的确定，建立存货经济订购批量基本模型，并对其进行存货总量变动条件下的敏感性分析，得出与之相应的储备资金变化量的正确结论．将基本模型的分析扩展至生产经营中允许缺货的情况，建立了允许缺货情况下的存货经济订购批量模型，运用存货订购的实例对２种模型计算出的不同结果进行比较说明，并得出允许合理缺货是节约存货成本的重要措施的结论．     

随机需求下实行累进数量折扣的零售商最优订购策略

供应商为了激励零售商增加订购量,现实中往往采取累进数量折扣策略,而零售商在享受到数量折扣的同时若过量订购,必然会增加由需求不确定性造成的库存积压成本。假设零售商面对的需求是服从某一随机分布,提出了累进数量折扣下的零售商具有(s,S,S0)订购策略,并证明了零售商采取该策略能够最小化总成本,实现收益和风险的最优平衡。最后通过数值实验验证了这一结论,并为此类零售商的运营提供了指导性建议。     

基于批量订购存储模型的航材储备

为了保证航空兵作战和训练任务的完成,在经费一定的情况下,如何进行合理的航材储备,即如何确定合理的订货点和订货数量是问题的关键。基于批量订购存储模型在一定条件下可以解决这个问题。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-