基于负载牵引方法的微波功率放大器仿真设计

微波功率放大器是通信系统中的关键器件.这里描述了基于EDA技术下3.55GHz的可用于W-CDMA基站的微波功率放大器的设计方法.利用厂家提供的非线性模型进行仿真设计,通过直流仿真来确定其偏置,利用负载牵引技术来确定最佳输入输出阻抗,设计出输入和输出匹配网络.对整个设计进行测试,得到了具有高输出功率,一定效率的功率放大器,适用于线性基站应用.     

宽带天线自适应匹配设计

基于统计学习理论构造了一种快速自适应随机搜索算法,给出了一种简易实用的宽带天线匹配设计新方法。在宽带天线的匹配设计过程中,采用高斯－牛顿法,将宽带天线匹配设计问题转化为有约束条件的函数优化问题,从而有利于快速自适应随机搜索算法的优化求解。应用该自适应算法进行天线匹配设计,不仅算法简单,易于编程实现,而且能够快速设计出具有较好性能的匹配网络,非常适用于各种短波、超短波天线的匹配设计问题。     

ICP与射频源的匹配网络的设计与实现

通过对比不同负载阻抗时L型网络的调节方法，并推导匹配网络的电抗公式，确定先串后并和先并后串L型网络的使用条件。又通过在Advanced Design System软件中进行阻抗匹配的仿真，利用可变电容变化对负载阻抗的影响设计出结构简单的自动阻抗匹配电路。相较于传统结构，此自动阻抗匹配电路经济便捷，实现了负载阻抗不断变化时负载阻抗和源端阻抗的快速匹配。     

反射损耗最大化的EMI滤波器端口阻抗失配网络设计

针对电磁干扰(EMI)滤波器在噪声源、负载阻抗失配情况下的工作性能受较大影响的问题,提出了一种带有阻抗失配网络的EMI滤波器设计方法,利用合适的阻抗网络来减弱或消除不利影响.通过选取合适的失配网络参数使得噪声源与滤波器的输入阻抗和负载阻抗与滤波器的输出阻抗均满足一定的比例关系,且利用不同阻抗比例关系产生不同的反射损耗这一特性对滤波器端口阻抗失配网络进行设计,使得滤波器在原有插入损耗的基础上增加其反射损耗,达到改善滤波器工作性能的目的.     

一种带增益修正的音频功率放大器芯片

设计了一种应用于汽车音响的AB类BTL(bridge-tied load)音频功率放大器芯片.该功率放大器加入了一种新颖的增益修正结构使两输出端口增益匹配,可有效地抑制线性失真.仿真结果表明:在14.4 V或18V的电源电压下驱动4Ω负载,满摆幅输出功率可分别达到25 W和40 W以上;1 kHz频率下输出功率18 W时,输出效率达到35%,总谐波失真为0.4%,具有较高的效率和较低的失真度.     

B类功率放大器的设计与仿真

设计了一种具有较高输出功率和较高功率效率的B类功率放大器,采用了负载牵引和源牵引的设计方法得出最大输出功率对应的最优负载阻抗和源阻抗,并运用阻抗匹配技术分别实现负载阻抗和源阻抗到50Ω的匹配电路设计.仿真结果表明,工作频率为960 MHz下该功率放大器的功率附加效率为69.39%,输出功率为45.32 d Bm.     

集电极电流下降时间对E类放大器的影响

E类调谐功率放大器的理想模型是集电极电流下降时间为零,笔者在集电极电流下降时间不为零的情况下对E类放大器进行了分析;在最佳工作状态下,确定了放大器的集电极电流和集电极-发射极电压波形、晶体管的瞬间能量损失、集电极效率和负载网络参数.     

基于双阻抗匹配的宽带Doherty功率放大器设计

为了满足采用高峰均比调制信号的未来无线通信系统中功率放大器高效和宽带的设计需求,研究了一种改进的宽带Doherty功率放大器设计方法.为了实现Doherty在功率回退和饱和输出时的阻抗变换,提出了一种双阻抗匹配网络设计方法来仿真设计主路和辅路输出匹配网络,从而简化了负载调制网络,展宽了带宽.实现并测试了一个2.30~2.80 GHz宽带Doherty功率放大器(DPA),对所提出方法的有效性进行了验证.结果表明:所设计的宽带DPA在工作带宽内增益波动小于2 d B,饱和功率大于43.5 d Bm,饱和时的峰值效率为66%~71%,6 d B回退时的效率为48%~59%,可满足未来无线通信系统中对高峰均比调制信号高效率放大的要求.     

输入端谐波抑制S波段高效率F类功率放大器的研究

传统的F类功率放大器设计方法是对其输出端进行谐波抑制,在输出端得到近似方波的电压信号和近似半正弦波的电流信号,以此提高放大器效率.新型高效率F类功率放大器在输入端加入谐波抑制电路,同时利用输入和输出谐波抑制匹配网络能够有效提高输出功率和功率附加效率;在S波段完成一款电路的设计并进行测试,在电路设计中采用新的负载牵引、源牵引仿真方法,实验结果和仿真结果非常吻合.在输入激励为28dBm条件下,测试结果表明,最大PAE能够达到75.4%,输出功率40.3dBm.     

一种多模式AC/DC控制芯片的设计

根据QR、PWM、PFM模式及绿色模式在特定负载下才具有高效率的特点,提出了一种多模式工作的准谐振反激式AC/DC控制芯片设计方案.通过分别控制导通时间与开关周期,并根据负载的轻重情况,芯片自动切换成4种工作模式.通过芯片内部的多模式功能,克服了准谐振模式在轻载及待机状态下效率较低的问题.整个芯片基于1.5μm BCD(Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS)工艺设计.SpecterS的仿真结果表明:在全负载下实现模式的自动切换,具有较高的转换效率,适合使用于负载变化范围较大的AC/DC变换器.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.