Antimicrobial Materials: Synthesis of Reactive 5,5-Dimethylhydantoin Derivative and Application in Cellulose with Dyeing Process

The efficient and regenerable antibacterial properties of Nhalamines make them an ideal candidate for parapretion of antimicrobial textiles. In this study,a 5,5-dimethylhydantoin-based reactive N-halamine precursor, 4-( 4-( 3-( 3-hydroxypropyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin)-6-chloro-1,3,5-triazinylamino)-benzenesulfonate( HTB), was synthesized and characterized by ~1H-NMR. The synthesized compound was coated to cotton fabrics via reactive dye dyeing process. The coated cotton showed excellent antimicrobial activities against S. aureus( Gram-positive) and E. coli O157: H7( Gram-negative) with short contact times after exposing to diluted household bleach. The treatment method used in this study has a small effect on the tensile strength of cotton fabrics. The durability and regenerability of the chlorinated cotton samples were tested.Although the chlorine content decreased towards washing and storage,almost all of the initial oxidative chlorine levels could be regained after rechlorination.     

负载纳米TiO2的纯棉抗菌织物

在室温条件下采用射频磁控溅射方法,在纯棉机织物表面沉积TiO2功能纳米结构层.利用原子力显微镜和X射线衍射仪分别分析其表面形貌和晶态结构,同时对负载纳米TiO2织物的抗菌性和耐洗性进行了初步研究.实验表明,在拟定的溅射工艺条件下,纯棉机织物表面沉积了晶粒较为均匀、粒径较小的锐钛矿型纳米TiO2功能结构层,这一功能层使负载织物呈现出优良的抗菌性能;同时负载织物具有良好的耐洗性,经30次洗涤后,其抗菌性能仍保持在很高的水平.     

Fabrication of cotton nano-powder and its textile application

A combination of chemical and mechanical treatment of cotton produced cotton powder （fibrils） with a mean diameter of 97 nm is analyzed by Laser Particle Size Analyzer. Transmission Electron Micro- scope （TEM） study showed that the diameter of the fibrils was about 10--30 nm and the length was from 70nm to over 400 nm. The powder was then coated onto fabrics （100% polyester fabric, 100% wool fabric and 100% cotton fabric）. Scanning Electron Microscope （SEM） study showed that cotton fibrils were adhered to the surface of treated fabrics （fibers）. The ultraviolet protection factor （UPF） value （AS/NZS 4399： 1996） for cotton fabrics increased about 20% after the treatment. This implies that the treated samples give a better protection from UV light. The moisture management test （MMT） of the fabrics such as wetting time at bottom, top maximum absorption rate, bottom maximum absorption rate, bottom maximum wetted radius and bottom spreading speed, et ah, showed that there were significant changes after the treatment. These changes gave better moisture management ability to the treated fabrics and thus made the fabric more comfortable. However, Wide-angle X-ray Diffraction and Fourie Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis proved that supermolecular structure and chemical struc- ture of treated fabrics were the same as the original fabrics. Other properties of the treated fabric such as thermal conductivity, wrinkle recovery, hand, et al., did not change. This implied that the basic func- tion of the treated fabrics for the clothing industry was the same as untreated fabrics. This study is a foundation for further researches on textile application.     

Preparation of TiO2 Coated on Fabrics and Their Photocatalytic Reactivity

Nanoscale titanium dioxide functional films were prepared on the surface of the cotton woven fabric and the polyester knitted fabric at room temperature by Radio Frequency （RF） magnetron sputtering process. The surface microstructure and morphology were characterized by scanning electron microscope （SEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. Photocatalytic property of two treated fabrics was tested in solar and ultraviolet （UV） radiation respectively, and their photocatalytic activity was compared. The results showed that the nanoscale titanium dioxide deposited on the surface of the treated fabrics was at different anastasia phase. The treated fabrics have excellent photocatalytic property, and after 30 launderings, the photocatalytic activity still maintained at a high level. Also, it indicated that the photocatalytic activity of the treated fabrics in UV radiation was higher than in solar radiation, but the effect wasn＇t very distinct. And at the same experimental magnetron sputtering parameters, the cotton coated with the nanoscale titanium dioxide showed better performance than the polyester fabric coated with the nanoscale titanium dioxide in terms of the photocatalytic property.     

稀土MOF改性棉织物的制备及荧光性能

基于水溶液的层层自组装方法,在棉织物表面以不同芳香酸和稀土阳离子为原料制备稀土金属有机骨(rare earth metal-organic framework,REMOF)材料,得到一系列REMOF改性棉织物。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、荧光光谱分析(PL)以及紫外吸收光谱(UV-vis)对REMOF改性棉织物进行表征分析。荧光强度对比结果表明,当以1,4对苯二甲酸或1,3,5均苯三甲酸为配体时,在324 nm波长激发下改性棉织物于617 nm处出现Eu 3+的特征红色荧光。所有改性棉织物的UPF(ultraviolet protection factor)值均为50^+,T(UV-A)和T(UV-B)值均小于5%,表明改性棉织物具有优良的抗紫外性能。     

Influences of Cotton Fabric Treatments on Human Physical Responses during Exercise and Recovery

We investigated the influences of liquid water transfer property of cotton fabric on human physiological responses, such as ear canal temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, stress hormone, during exercise and recovery. Long sleeves cotton knitted sportswear treated to have special liquid water transfer property were prepared; （1） Hydrophilic; （ 2 ） Hydrophobic; and （ 3 ） Moisture Management （MM）. Wearing these garments, human subjects ran on treadmill according ＂to a pre-designed experimental protocol. It was found that during exercise hydrophilic cotton caused significantly higher mean skin temperature than MM and hydrophobic cotton fabrics, while during recovery, hydrophilic and MM cotton fabrics caused significantly higher mean skin temperature than hydrophobic cotton fabric. Hydrophilic cotton fabric caused significantly lower heart rate than MM cotton fabric, lower systolic blood pressure than MM and hydrophobic cotton fabrics. Hydrophobic cotton fabric caused significantly higher urinary catecholamine volume than hydrophilic and MM cotton fabric, indicating stronger physical stress. Hydrophilic cotton fabric caused significantly stronger thermal and humidity sensations than MM and hydrophobic cotton fabrics at the end of first and second exercise sessions. Hydrophilic cotton fabric caused significantly stronger discomfort sensation than hydrophobic cotton fabric at the end of first session of exercise. In the end of wear trial, MM cotton fabric caused significantly higher tiredness sensation than hydrophilic and hydrophobic cotton fabrics.     

纤维素酶的活力与棉纤维的失重

研究了纤维素酶活力与织物失重率、断裂强力、表面厚度和弯曲刚度的关系.用三种纤维素酶处理两种全棉织物,将处理结果(失重率等)与以滤纸、CMC、脱脂棉为底物测得的酶活力相比较.结果表明,脱脂棉酶活最能反映纤维素酶对棉织物的水解能力,而CMC酶活与酶的实际水解能力不存在明显的依赖关系.研究还表明,外切酶活较高的Cellu-soft L有利于使织物柔软,内切酶活较高的Cellusoft Plus有利于生物抛光.     

纤维织物和耐烧蚀填料对硅橡胶涂覆织物性能的影响

为研制防隔热效率更高的耐烧蚀硅橡胶涂覆织物,采用不同种类的纤维织物和耐烧蚀填料制备出多种新型硅橡胶涂覆织物,并分别研究了纤维织物种类、耐烧蚀填料种类和用量对硅橡胶涂覆织物力学性能和烧蚀性能的影响。实验结果表明:当选用碳纤维布(T300)作为增强骨架材料时,硅橡胶涂覆织物的烧蚀性能最优;随着耐烧蚀填料添加量的增大,硅橡胶涂覆织物的邵氏A硬度逐渐增大,其拉伸强度和断裂延伸率均呈现出先升高后降低的趋势;综合考虑力学性能,耐烧蚀填料的最佳用量为2 g/100 g;耐烧蚀填料能有效提高硅橡胶涂覆织物的烧蚀性能,其中酚醛纤维和黏胶基碳纤维的增强效果更好。     

Cellulase Activities and Finishing Effects on Cotton Fabrics

The relationships between cellulase activities and theproperties of treated labrics including weight loss,breaking strength,surface thickness and bending rigiditywere investigated.Three cellulases were used to treattwo kinds of cotton fabrics and the results were com-pared to their activities measured towards filter paper,CMC and dewaxed cotton.The results suggested thatamong the three activities,exo activity(measured to-wards dewaxed cotton)be mostly inclined to reflect theactual hydrolytic capability of the cellulase on cotton fab-rics,while endo activity(measured towards CMC)wasof little use in predicting cellulase efflciency in terms ofweight loss.The investigation also suggested that the rel-atively endo-rich cellulase(Cellusoft Plus)was inclinedto give biopolishing effects by cleaning the surface fibrilof fabrics while the exo-rich cellulase(Cellusoft L,alsoknown as total or full cellulase)tended to deliver soften-ing cffects by decreasing the bending and shearing prop-erties.     

Finishing Effect on Warmth Property of Cotton/Kapok Blended Knitted Fabric

Nowadays,more and more natural or functional fibers are being investigated due to their utilization in thermal underwear.Kapok fiber is one of the natural cellulosic fibers whose source is the kapok plant. It has hollow body and sealed tail,which exhibits desirable features required for functional textiles of this nature. In this study,cotton / kapok( 80 /20 by mass) blended yarn with two types of yarn size 18. 5 and 14. 8 tex,respectively are knitted into plain stitches. The fabrics are undergone with an optimal preparation plan according to orthogonal design. Then,after dyeing and softening,fabric properties including thermal and water-vapour resistances, wicking property, pilling behaviour, and surface morphology,are tested and scrutinized for their candidacy for thermal underwear. The results showed that cotton / kapok blended fabrics have good thermal resistance which is significantly higher than those of cotton / modal blended fabrics,and the same water vapour resistance compared with cotton / modal blended fabrics which are normally used as underwear. Cotton / modal blended knitted fabrics has better pilling grade than cotton / kapok blended fabrics. Meanwhile, the cotton / kapok blends fabrics have good wicking property. Collectively,it was concluded that cotton / kapok blended fabric was appropriate for thermal underwear. However,the main limitation of these fabrics is their pilling properties.     

Synthesis and Application of Polyurethane Modified Organic Silicone Wet Rubbing Fastness Improver

Polyurethane modified organic silicone was successfully prepared from hydroxyl-terminated polyether modified silicone,toluene-2,4-diisocyanate( TDI), and NaHSO3. The chemical structure of the polyurethane modified organic silicone was characterized by FT-IR and1H-NMR. The polymer film on the cotton surface was investigated by scanning electron microscopy( SEM) and the results showed that a thin polymer film was successfully formed. The FT-IR of treated cotton fabrics indicated that hydroxyl( OH) of cellulose fiber and isocyanate group( NCO)of the polyurethane modified organic silicone has formed covalent cross-linking. X-ray diffraction( XRD) analysis revealed that the crystalline region of treated cotton fabrics wasn't changed. The wet rubbing fastness of treated cotton fabrics was increased by approximately rating 1 on average. There was little change of DE values for the polyurethane modified organic silicone. The softness was improved significantly.     

织物缩水规律的研究

为了提高产品质量，掌握织物售后使用的缩水情况，本文对纯棉织物、纯化纤织物和纯毛织物各三种在同一方法下进行缩水试验，测定历次水洗后经纬向的缩水率，求得总缩水率与水洗次数的关系。结果表明各类织物的总缩水率与洗涤次数的关系。结果表明各类织物的总缩水率与洗涤次数的关系为分式线性函数。通过试验还初步探讨了洗涤溶液、洗涤温度、经纬密度及织缩对总缩水率的影响。     

摩擦包芯纱织物性能的研究

文章对棉包涤纶长丝摩擦纱、棉包锦纶高弹丝摩擦纱、棉包锦纶全牵伸丝摩擦纱以及棉包粘胶长丝摩擦纱的平纹织物的性能进行了试验研究,并将它们与纯棉环锭纱和纯棉摩擦纱的平纹织物的性能进行了比较和分析。研究结果表明,棉包涤纶长丝摩擦纱织物和棉包锦纶高弹丝摩擦纱织物在服用、舒适性等方面均优于环锭纱织物。这两种摩擦包芯纱织物作为服用织物将具有良好的发展前景。     

The Effect of TDEA on Dyeability of Both Cotton and Silk

Effects of the non - alcohol finishing agent TDEA on dye-ing properties of cotton and silk fabrics were examined. TDEA improving substantivity and having a fixation ac-tion on cotton fabrics dyeing with reactive dyes and sharp increasing dry and wet crease recovery angles of cotton have been demonstrated. The slightly lower color yields and duller in shade on the TDEA finished silk fabrics dyeing with some acid dyes have been indicated.     

聚丙烯酸酯接枝聚氨酯共聚物合成及应用

确定了首先合成出带有异氰酸酯端基的聚氨酯预聚体支链部分，然后在聚丙烯酸酯主链上引入带有活泼氢的单体，通过异氰酸酯基与羟基反应将支链接枝到主链上的合成路线，制备了聚丙烯酸酯接枝聚氨酯共聚物溶液，并利用紫外吸收光谱法确定了产物的接枝共聚结构。将所合成了接枝共聚物溶液用于织物涂层整理，得到了具有优良性能的防水透湿涂层织物。     

Coolmax织物湿舒适性能的灰色聚类分析

对Coolmax织物、棉、涤纶、涤棉织物的芯吸效应、保水率、干燥率、透湿性、透气性进行了测试分析；并通过人体穿着试验对服装的湿舒适性进行了评价；最后利用灰色聚类分析对6种织物的湿舒适性能做了综合评价。结果表明：Coolmax织物的湿舒适性能优于普通涤纶、棉、涤棉织物；客观试验与主观穿着试验的结果具有较好的一致性。     

亚麻/彩棉/白棉混纺针织物柔软整理工艺研究

研究亚麻/彩棉/白棉混纺针织物的柔软整理工艺。在亚麻/彩棉/白棉针织物的柔软整理中,采用了纤维素酶、氨基硅油和纤维素酶配合氨基硅油3种整理方法,分别采用不同的柔软整理工艺,通过测试整理后织物柔软性、折皱回复性、悬垂性、抗起毛起球、透气性等服用性能,分析3种方法的柔软整理效果。结果表明：3种整理工艺都能改善织物的柔软性,采用氨基硅油和纤维素酶配合氨基硅油柔软整理效果最好,从整体上看,该工艺整理后的织物的服用性能好于另外两种工艺。     

细旦丙纶短纤织物服用舒适性分析

为探讨细旦丙纶短纤织物的服用舒适性,根据测试得出的细旦丙纶短纤织物、对比织物棉及细旦丙纶长丝等3类样本的各项服用性能指标数据,运用聚类分析及对应分析的数理统计方法,分析了此3类织物的优缺点,得出了细旦丙纶短纤织物独特的服用舒适性能;并优化出了该织物具有最佳服用舒适性的组织结构模型.     

Mechanical Properties of Weft-Knitted Spacer Fabrics Integrated with Silica Aerogels

The work investigated surface and mechanical properties of untreated and treated three-layered weftknitted spacer fabrics.In order to optimize the mechanical properties of weft-knitted spacer fabrics,silica aerogels(SAs) coating was employed.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) images of untreated and treated spacer fabrics were analyzed to ensure the presence of SAs on the coated spacer fabrics.The basic properties of uncoated and coated weftknitted spacer fabrics were studied and compared.Tensile strength and initial modulus were studied according to the GB/T3923 test standard YG026 MB-250 by testing machine.Moreover,compression properties of spacer fabrics were also tested by HD026 G test instrument.In this testing,work of compression,the linearity of compression,recovery work of compression and other parameters were calculated from stress and strain curves.It was found that SAs coating has a significant influence on the mechanical properties of weftknitted spacer fabrics.The statistical analysis also verified the significant performance(P value smaller than 0.05) of treated fabric samples at the 0.05 level.     

O-季铵化-N-水杨醛壳聚糖席夫碱的合成及抗菌性研究

以缩水甘油三甲基氯化铵（GTMAc）和水杨醛为改性剂,在羟基和氨基上分别引入季铵盐基团和席夫碱基团,合成得到含双抗菌功能基团的水溶性壳聚糖衍生物：O-季铵化-N-水杨醛壳聚糖席夫碱,并通过FTIR谱图、季铵化度的测定对壳聚糖衍生物结构进行表征.对合成条件进行了探讨,得到最佳的反应条件为：n（壳聚糖席夫碱）∶n（GTMAc）=1∶5,温度为70℃,时间为24 h,此时获得O-季铵化-N-水杨醛壳聚糖席夫碱的季铵化度和产率最佳,分别为93.7%和81.8%.将产物应用于棉织物抗菌整理,以5%O-季铵化-N-水杨醛壳聚糖席夫碱整理的织物对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率分别达99.3%和94.0%以上.但该整理织物的耐洗性较差,经20次皂洗后基本失去抗菌性.