基于Cluster的大型油藏数值模拟的并行计算

大规模整体油田的精细油藏数值模拟需要并行处理。该文基于Cluster并行系统,将三维三相油藏压力计算,转化为以油层为并行计算粒度、通过井筒压力耦合全油藏压力的多层二维二相的压力计算,用网格节点排序方法和预处理算法等缩短计算时间,实现了100.2万网格点的实际大规模油藏数值模拟问题,在17个处理机并行计算时,加速比达6.75。结果表明,该并行计算具有较好的效果,该并行软件正在胜利油田得到应用。     

基于PVM的m-Step Jacobi PCG方法网上并行求解有限元方程

针对基于PVM的桌面PC机联网而成的网络并行计算环境中,处理机的运算速度较快而处理机间的通信相对较慢,以及微机的内存有限的实际情况,从实用的角度出发,给出了基于PVM的网上求解有限元方程组的并行m-Step Jacob i PCG方法,该算法的矩阵和向量采用行元素相邻单元贡献法实现有限元总体刚度矩阵和荷载向量的并行计算与组装,分块储存在各处理机上,其处理机间通信较少。并在1-4台桌面PC机连接成的局域网,PVM3.4 on W indow2000,VC 6.0并行计算平台上编程对该算法进行了数值试验,得到了较理想的结果。     

并行处理计算机中存贮分配的几个问题

本文描述了流水线处理机、并行处理机、多处理机以及 VLSI 计算机系统中存贮分配的一些问题,它们对并行计算是很重要的。     

一种网上求解线性方程组的Guass-Seidel并行迭代算法

针对基于PVM的微机网络并行计算环境下,处理机的运算速度较快而处理机间的通信相对较慢的实际情况,给出了一种网上并行求解线性方程组的Guass-Se idel迭代算法。该算法将方程组的增广矩阵按行卷帘方式分布存储在各处理机中,循环传送每一次的迭代向量以减少处理间的通信次数,同时,采用计算与通信部分重叠技术,提高并行算法的效率。并用1~12台桌面PC机联成的局域网,在PVM 3.4 on W indows2000,VC 6.0并行计算平台上编程对该算法进行了数值试验,试验结果表明,该算法较传统的基于列扫描法的Guass-Se idel并行迭代算法优越。     

基于MPI+OpenMP混合编程模式的大规模颗粒两相流LBM并行模拟

针对大规模三维颗粒两相流全尺度模拟并行计算问题,该文采用MPI+OpenMP混合编程模式,其中机群节点采用MPI并行计算,节点内部采用OpenMP进行细粒化的并行计算,并根据格子Boltzmann方法(LBM)颗粒两相流的特点进行OpenMP程序并行优化设计,提出了一种适用于大量颗粒的三维颗粒两相流LBM并行计算模型。以颗粒沉积问题为例,在集群计算机平台对并行算法的加速性能进行测试。计算结果表明:该算法具有良好的加速比及扩展性,并且其计算量具有颗粒数量不敏感的优点,适用于大规模多颗粒两相流问题的研究。     

基于消息传递的网络并行计算环境

在分布式计算机系统中,由于处理机间无共享内存,因此采用消息传递的方式实现处理机间的数据交换。文章介绍了消息传递接口标准和几种典型的并行计算环境,讨论了基于消息传递的网络并行编程环境的特点,并对其开发进行了初步探讨。     

基于消息传递的网络并行计算环境

在分布式计算机系统中,由于处理机间无共享内存,因此采用消息传递的方式实现处理机间的数据交换.文章介绍了消息传递接口标准和几种典型的并行计算环境,讨论了基于消息传递的网络并行编程环境的特点,并对其开发进行了初步探讨.     

基于消息传递的网络并行计算环境

在分布式计算机系统中，由于处理机问无共享内存，因此采用消息传递的方式实现处理机间的数据交换。文章介绍了消息传递接口标准和几种典型的并行计算环境，讨论了基于消息传递的网络并行编程环境的特点，并对其开发进行了初步探讨。     

非线性化学胞映射数值解的多线程并发运行实现技术

胞映射方法是一种在离散化相空间中求解、描述和揭示复杂非线性化学动力学系统演化过程、吸引域结构、吸引子形态及其内在规律的有效工具。利用胞映射算法技术 ,在双CPU计算机平台上 ,结合多线程并行计算技术实现了复杂非线性系统演化过程的高效运算 ,较好地解决了大规模运算量与高效计算之间的矛盾 ,以及复杂系统演化过程的计算可视化问题     

电力系统广域并行处理机

从统一、系统和全局的观点出发,提出电力系统广域并行处理机的概念,研究利用广域并行计算和分布处理技术解决电力系统监控中的问题．针对电力系统的特点,建立了电力系统广域并行处理机的一般模型,进而对其运行机制和关键技术作了描述,并给出了一个应用实例     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.