桂枝茯苓丸调控异黏蛋白和磷酸酯酶与张力蛋白同源物逆转卵巢癌多药耐药的机制

研究桂枝茯苓丸在人卵巢癌耐药性裸鼠肿瘤模型中对凋亡的诱导作用,探讨其可能的作用机制。采用实时无标记细胞分析系统检测SKOV3/DDP对顺铂和紫杉醇的耐药性,建立SKOV3/DDP卵巢癌耐药性BALB/c裸鼠肿瘤模型。模型裸鼠随机分为桂枝茯苓丸浓缩液16 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(高)、8 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(中)、4 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(低)剂量组、PI3K抑制剂LY294002组、低剂量桂枝茯苓丸LY294002组(联用组)及对照组,给药10 d后剖取肿瘤组织;采用流式细胞术检测肿瘤细胞的凋亡率;采用荧光定量PCR检测肿瘤组织中MTDH、PTEN mRNA的相对表达。结果表明,SKOV3/DDP细胞对顺铂和紫杉醇的耐药倍数分别为4.57和4.36倍。随着桂枝茯苓丸浓缩液剂量的增加,肿瘤细胞的凋亡率逐渐增加,上调PTEN mRNA和下调MTDH mRNA的作用逐渐增强,各组之间差异具有显著性(P0.01)。LY294002和低剂量桂枝茯苓丸联用后,抑制凋亡的作用强于二者分别单用的凋亡抑制作用,下调MTDH mRNA和上调PTEN mRNA的作用强于其他各组(P0.01)。说明在SKOV3/DDP卵巢癌耐药性BALB/c裸鼠模型中,桂枝茯苓丸能够剂量依赖性地诱导耐药性肿瘤细胞的凋亡,其机制可能与上调PTEN mRNA和下调MTDH mRNA有关。     

桂枝茯苓丸调控MTDH和PTEN逆转卵巢癌多药耐药的机制研究

研究桂枝茯苓丸在人卵巢癌耐药性裸鼠肿瘤模型中对凋亡的诱导作用,探讨其可能的作用机制。采用实时无标记细胞分析系统检测SKOV3/DDP对顺铂和紫杉醇的耐药性,建立SKOV3/DDP卵巢癌耐药性BALB/c裸鼠肿瘤模型,模型裸鼠随机分为桂枝茯苓丸浓缩液16 g.kg-1.d-1(高)、8 g.kg-1.d-1(中)、4 g.kg-1.d-1(低)剂量组、PI3K抑制剂LY294002组、低剂量桂枝茯苓丸LY294002组(联用组)及对照组,给药10天后剖取肿瘤组织,采用流式细胞术检测肿瘤细胞的凋亡率,采用荧光定量PCR检测肿瘤组织中MTDH、PTEN mRNA的相对表达。结果表明,SKOV3/DDP细胞对顺铂和紫杉醇的耐药倍数分别为4.57和4.36倍。随着桂枝茯苓丸浓缩液剂量的增加,肿瘤细胞的凋亡率逐渐增加,上调PTEN mRNA和下调MTDH mRNA的作用逐渐增强,各组之间差异具有显著性(P < 0.01)。LY294002和低剂量桂枝茯苓丸联用后,抑制凋亡的作用强于二者分别单用的凋亡抑制作用,下调MTDH mRNA和上调PTEN mRNA的作用强于其他各组(P < 0.01)。说明在SKOV3/DDP卵巢癌耐药性BALB/c裸鼠模型中,桂枝茯苓丸能够剂量依赖性地诱导耐药性肿瘤细胞的凋亡,其机制可能与上调PTEN mRNA和下调MTDH mRNA有关。     

Nek2A在三阴性乳腺癌中的表达以及与化疗敏感性的关系

三阴性乳腺癌(triple-negative breast cancer, TNBC)的主要治疗方式是化疗,而化疗耐药是TNBC治疗的难点.发现在TNBC细胞系(MDA-MB-231、BT-549)中,Nek2A的表达异常增高,Nek2A-siRNA转染TNBC细胞系,降低Nek2A表达后,TNBC细胞增殖降低,化疗药物联合Nek2A-siRNA组细胞增殖降低更明显.降低Nek2A表达可以增强紫杉醇及顺铂的化疗敏感性.检测裸鼠体内成瘤情况发现:Nek2A-siRNA联合紫杉醇(TAX)及顺铂(DDP)化疗药物组肿物最小.结果表明,Nek2A在TNBC中表达异常增高,并且降低Nek2A表达可以增强紫杉醇及顺铂化疗敏感性.     

莪术醇联合顺铂对人肝癌裸鼠原位移植瘤生长的抑制作用及对Bcl-2表达的影响

探讨莪术醇联合化疗药物顺铂对人肝癌裸鼠原位移植瘤生长的抑制作用。构建人肝癌裸鼠原位移植瘤模型。成瘤后,将其随机分为4组:即模型对照组、顺铂组、莪术醇组、联合用药组;每组8只,模型对照组予腹腔注射生理盐水(0.1 m L/10 g),顺铂组予2 mg·kg~(-1)顺铂腹腔注射给药,莪术醇组腹腔注射100 mg·kg~(-1),联合用药组腹腔注射顺铂2 mg·kg~(-1)和莪术醇100 mg·kg~(-1)。每3 d ip 1次,连续给药7次。TUNEL法观察其对Hep G2细胞的原位诱导凋亡作用,ELISA法检测其对Bcl-2的影响。与模型对照组比较,顺铂组、莪术醇组、联合用药组平均瘤重、平均瘤体积、Bcl-2蛋白含量均降低,凋亡指数升高(P0.05或P0.01);其中以联合用药组作用最为显著。与顺铂组相比,具有显著性差异(P0.05)。说明莪术醇联合顺铂可抑制人肝癌裸鼠原位移植瘤生长,诱导人肝癌细胞Hep G2凋亡,这可能与下调Bcl-2的表达有关。     

色胺酮在食管癌化疗耐药过程中的作用

为研究色胺酮对食管癌化疗药物顺铂耐药性的抑制作用及其作用机制,设计食管癌Eca109细胞及其顺铂耐药株Eca109/cDDP细胞的顺铂及色胺酮不同处理组,根据实验目的选择不同的处理方式.利用实时荧光定量PCR检测Eca109和Eca109/cDDP细胞中多药耐药基因1(MDR1)及谷胱甘肽-巯基-转移酶-pi基因(GST-pi)的mRNA表达水平;免疫印迹和免疫荧光技术检测Eca109细胞和Eca109/cDDP细胞中MDR1和GST-pi蛋白的表达水平;细胞计数试剂盒(cell counting kit,CCK-8)法检测细胞增殖以及基因敲降后的回补效果.结果表明:色胺酮不仅显著抑制了食管癌细胞顺铂耐药株Eca109/cDDP细胞中MDR1基因的表达,而且MDR1和GST-pi蛋白的表达也受到了显著的抑制;色胺酮不但能抑制Eca109细胞的增殖能力,对耐药株Eca109/cDDP细胞增殖也存在抑制作用;色胺酮逆转耐药性的能力依赖于对MDR1和GST-pi的表达抑制.综上分析,色胺酮能够通过抑制MDR1和GST-pi蛋白的表达来逆转食管癌细胞顺铂耐药株的耐药性,是一种潜在的化疗辅助药物.     

肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体(TRAIL)联合低剂量顺铂诱导多药耐药人卵巢癌细胞凋亡的实验研究

为研究卵巢癌多药耐药机制和逆转耐药,探讨在低剂量顺铂存在下,人可溶性肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体(TRAIL)对多药耐药人卵巢癌细胞的杀伤增效作用及其可能存在的分子病理机制。用顺铂为诱导剂,逐步建立多药耐药人卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3/cDDP。(此细胞株经免疫组化检测P-gp高表达)。TRAIL、顺铂或两药联用12h,24h,48h,采用MTT法测试细胞毒作用,Hochest33258染色荧光显微镜下观察细胞形态学改变,透射电镜下观察亚细胞结构形态,通过流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡比例,Western blot分别检测在联用TRAIL作用前后cFLIP蛋白的表达情况。结果显示:1)单用100ng/mL TRAIL只能杀伤4.67%±0.26%的SKOV3/cDDP细胞,IC50>1000ng/mL。顺铂对SKOV3/cDDP细胞的作用存在剂量依赖性细胞毒效应,这种效应主要通过诱导细胞凋亡实现;2)亚毒性浓度TRAIL(100ng/mL)与亚毒性浓度DDP(1.0μg/mL)联用可杀死52.12%±2.84%的SKOV3/cDDP细胞。呈现出高效协同作用;3)流式细胞术分析、透射电镜观察及荧光显微镜证实其协同性杀伤作用主要通过促进诱导细胞凋亡实现;4)亚毒性浓度TRAIL(100ng/mL)与亚毒性浓度DDP(1.0μg/mL)联用,可使细胞cFLIP蛋白的表达下调,促进了细胞凋亡的发生。结论:TRAIL与亚毒性浓度顺铂联用表现出对多药耐药人卵巢癌细胞的高效杀伤作用,这种作用可能主要由促进细胞凋亡介导实现,cFLIP蛋白的表达减少可能参与这一过程。     

紫杉醇、顺铂方案诱导化疗联合放射治疗晚期鼻咽癌近期疗效观察

目的观察紫杉醇(TAX) 顺铂(DDP)方案诱导化疗联合放射治疗晚期鼻咽癌的近期疗效。方法观察组36例鼻咽癌患者给予紫杉醇 顺铂方案化疗,第3周期化疗后1周开始放疗；对照组36例给予单纯放疗。两组放疗方法、剂量相同。结果初治鼻咽癌对TAX DDP方案化疗有较高的反应率,使33.3%病人的T分期和44.4%的N分期降低；近期疗效：观察组鼻咽部及颈淋巴结CR率分别为91.7%及88.9%,较对照组的72.2%和66.7%高(P＜0 05)；化疗及放疗毒副反应两组无明显差别(P＞0.05)。结论TAX DDP方案用于局部晚期鼻咽癌的诱导化疗,具有疗效好、毒副反应轻、患者依从性高等优点,是中晚期鼻咽癌诱导化疗较理想的化疗方案。     

紫杉醇、顺铂方案诱导化疗联合放射治疗晚期鼻咽癌近期疗效观察

目的观察紫杉醇(TAX)+顺铂(DDP)方案诱导化疗联合放射治疗晚期鼻咽癌的近期疗效.方法观察组36例鼻咽癌患者给予紫杉醇+顺铂方案化疗,第3周期化疗后1周开始放疗;对照组36例给予单纯放疗.两组放疗方法、剂量相同.结果初治鼻咽癌对TAX+DDP方案化疗有较高的反应率,使33.3%病人的T分期和44.4%的N分期降低;近期疗效:观察组鼻咽部及颈淋巴结CR率分别为91.7%及88.9%,较对照组的72.2%和66.7%高(P＜0 05);化疗及放疗毒副反应两组无明显差别(P＞0.05).结论TAX+DDP方案用于局部晚期鼻咽癌的诱导化疗,具有疗效好、毒副反应轻、患者依从性高等优点,是中晚期鼻咽癌诱导化疗较理想的化疗方案.     

紫杉醇、顺铂方案诱导化疗联合放射治疗晚期鼻咽癌近期疗效观察

目的观察紫杉醇(TAX)+顺铂(DDP)方案诱导化疗联合放射治疗晚期鼻咽癌的近期疗效.方法观察组36例鼻咽癌患者给予紫杉醇+顺铂方案化疗,第3周期化疗后1周开始放疗;对照组36例给予单纯放疗.两组放疗方法、剂量相同.结果初治鼻咽癌对TAX+DDP方案化疗有较高的反应率,使33.3%病人的T分期和44.4%的N分期降低;近期疗效观察组鼻咽部及颈淋巴结CR率分别为91.7%及88.9%,较对照组的72.2%和66.7%高(P＜0 05);化疗及放疗毒副反应两组无明显差别(P＞0.05).结论TAX+DDP方案用于局部晚期鼻咽癌的诱导化疗,具有疗效好、毒副反应轻、患者依从性高等优点,是中晚期鼻咽癌诱导化疗较理想的化疗方案.     

桂枝茯苓丸对自发性髙血压大鼠血流状态的影响及心肌纤维化的改善作用

目的:探讨桂枝茯苓丸对自发性髙血压(SHR)大鼠血流状态的影响及心肌纤维化的改善作用。方法:将28只12周龄的SHR大鼠随机分为模型组、桂枝茯苓丸低(10 mg·(kg·d)-1)、中(20 mg·(kg·d)-1)、高(40 mg·(kg·d)-1)剂量治疗组,另设同源正常的京都大鼠(WKY)为对照组,各组大鼠数量均为7只。桂枝茯苓丸各治疗组给予上述对应的各药物剂量灌胃给药,模型组及对照组大鼠给予20 mg·(kg·d)-1的生理盐水灌胃,连续饲养12 w后检测大鼠的血流动力学变化指标,ELISA检测试剂盒分析纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-1(PAI-1)、血管性假性血友病因子(v WF)、组织纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)活性。应用HE染色、Masson染色观察大鼠左心室心肌组织病理成分变化,免疫组化染色分析心肌组织中PKD1蛋白的表达变化。结果:和模型组相比,桂枝茯苓丸各治疗组大鼠心肌血流动力学指标改善明显,左室收缩期平均压(LVSP)、左心室内压力曲线最大上升和下降速率(±dp/dt max)、PAI-1和v WF活性均显著升高(P0.01);左心室舒张末期压力(LVEDP)、t-PA活性均显著降低(P0.01)。组织病理成分变化分析表明和模型组相比,桂枝茯苓丸各治疗组大鼠心肌组织成纤维细胞构成比例显著下降(P0.01),肥大细胞数量减少,细胞胞浆中PKD1蛋白的表达显著下调(P0.01)。结论:桂枝茯苓丸可有效改善髙血压引发的血液高凝状态,抑制SHR大鼠的心肌纤维化,改善心室重构。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.