PdnAu(n=1-5)团簇的结构性质研究

在相对论有效原子实势近似下,用密度泛函方法（B3LYP／LANL2DZ）计算了掺杂二元合金PdnAu（n=1-5）团簇可能的几何构型和对应的电子态,讨论了团簇的稳定性,得到一系列稳定异构体的结构参数、电子态、能量和谐振频率,部分稳定构型具有较高的自旋多重性。结果表明,Pd-Au相互作用较强,改变了纯钯团簇的稳定构型,合金团簇的稳定性随体积增大而降低,计算结果对研究钯掺杂金的催化活性和选择性具有参考意义。     

钯团簇掺杂钇原子的密度泛函研究

在相对论有效原子实势近似下,用密度泛函方法(B3LYP/LANL2DZ)计算了二元合金团簇PdnY(n=1-5)可能的几何构型和对应的电子态,得到一系列稳定异构体的结构参数、电子态、能量和谐振频率.用最高占据轨道(HOMO)与最低空轨道(HOMO)之间的能级间隙描述团簇的稳定性,Pd2Y团簇的能级间隙最大,PdY团簇的能级间隙最小.Pd-Y相互作用改变了纯钯团簇的几何构形和稳定性.计算结果对系统研究Pd-Y体系的物理化学性质具有意义.     

团簇Ni3CoP的结构和热力学稳定性

为深入了解非晶态合金Ni-Co-P的性质,以团簇Ni_3CoP为模型,基于密度泛函理论对其进行多方面的分析,包括稳定存在的构型、各构型所占比例、各种能量参数等以探究其稳定性,发现团簇Ni_3CoP除构型5(1)为戴帽三角锥型外,其余所有稳定存在的构型均为三角双锥型。单重态各构型和三重态各构型所占比例变化及各种能量参数的变化均比较平缓,但在单重态构型1(1)与三重态构型4(3)之间出现剧变点,团簇Ni_3CoP能稳定存在的临界能量约为-659.450 a.u。从能量学的角度看,多重度的改变对团簇Ni_3CoP构型的稳定性有较大影响,三重态构型的稳定性均好于单重态构型,构型1(3)所占比例最高,能量最低,结合能最大,吉布斯自由能变最小,是团簇Ni_3CoP最有可能稳定存在的形式。     

MgO(001)表面负载CrW_2O_9团簇构型和电子结构的理论研究

采用基于第一性原理的分子动力学与量子力学相结合的方法,对CrW_2O_9团簇在MgO(001)完整表面的吸附构型、稳定性以及电子结构进行了系统的研究.研究结果表明,CrW_2O_9团簇通过Cr、W以及O原子与MgO(001)表面作用,并可能以六元环、帽状或双环结构沉积在MgO(001)表面,其中热力学最稳定的吸附构型为CrW_2O_9团簇以六元环的结构吸附在MgO(001)完整表面.吸附后,有较多的电子从表面转移到团簇,与W3O9/MgO(001)体系相比,CrW_2O_9团簇的电子态出现在MgO(001)表面的带隙中,且主要为Cr 3d轨道的贡献,这将对体系的催化性能产生显著影响.     

Ni^＋Nen（n=1-7）和Ni^＋Arn（n=1-6）团簇的结构与稳定性

用密度泛函理论(DFT)的杂化密度泛函B3LYP方法在6-311+G(d)基组水平上对Ni+Nen(n=1-7),Ni+Arn(n=1-6)团簇的各种可能构型进行了几何优化,得到了团簇的最稳定结构,并对最稳定构型的电子结构、电荷分布进行了理论分析.结果表明:当团簇离子n≤4时为平面构型,n>4时为立体构型.同时,能量分析和自然键轨道(NBO)分析表明Ni+Nen团簇的稳定性不如Ni+Arn.     

团簇MMoS4结构稳定及极性分析

为了探究团簇MMoS₄(M=Ni、Co、Fe)内部结构稳定性及极性,以密度泛函理论为基础,在B3LYP/def2tzvp水平下运用Gaussian09软件对团簇MMoS₄稳定构型的态密度图、极化率、偶极矩进行计算分析。结果表明,团簇MMoS₄中构型1⁽(3))在外加电场作用下不易发生改变,其结构稳定性要优于其它构型;团簇MMoS₄各稳定构型除4⁽(3))外均为极性分子,并且构型1⁽(1))偶极矩最大,具有最强的分子极性;对态密度图的分析显示,团簇MMoS₄中p-d-d、p-d杂化作用较强,对团簇构型的稳定性影响较大。     

团簇Mn3BP结构与性质研究

为深入探究团簇Mn_3BP的结构,将其构造为四棱锥、三角双锥以及平面五边形三种几何构型,依据密度泛函理论,在B_3LYP/Lan12dz水平下对团簇Mn_3BP的全部可能构型进行优化和计算,最终得到9种稳定构型,分析所有优化构型的结构、能量参数、成键情况、最高占据轨道(HOMO)和最低占据轨道(LUMO)。研究表明:整体上除构型1(2)外,四重态构型的稳定性要比二重态的稳定性好,并且构型的稳定性受到了多重度的影响;构型1(4)最稳定,构型4(2)最不稳定;Mn-P键和Mn-B键是构型稳定的主要贡献者;团簇Mn3BP潜在的活性位点是金属原子Mn,并且其前线轨道的主要贡献者也是Mn原子;构型3(2)的化学性质最活泼,构型4(4)的最不易发生化学反应。     

原子模拟金属锆中点缺陷行为

锆合金广泛用于核工业,在辐照条件下,会产生形状和构型相对复杂的点缺陷团簇,并直接影响材料的物理性能。尽管已有大量针对锆的缺陷行为研究,但基于高通量原子构型搜索,并结合蒙特卡洛模拟实现具有原子分辨率的宏观尺度下的点缺陷行为研究,目前相关工作还比较少。采用激发弛豫算法(体系从一个局部能量最低值移动到相邻的另一个局部能量最低值的过程)给出了不同尺寸空位团簇、间隙团簇的稳定和亚稳定构型,通过计算这些构型的形成能、结合能和激发能等关键参数,确定不同尺寸下的能量最低构型,发现中小数目的空位团簇和间隙团簇的稳定构型的分布存在共性,并且中等数目的团簇构型由小数目的原醋构型构成等规律,这些规律揭示了金属锆中点缺陷的形成演化规律及其稳定构型的分布特征。     

团簇Co3MoS成键及热力学稳定性分析

[目的]研究微观状态下团簇Co3MoS稳定性的影响因素.[方法]在二、四重态下应用密度泛函理论对团簇Co3MoS进行优化分析,一共得到8种稳定构型.[结果]通过对校正能和吉布斯自由能等能量参数进行分析得出:团簇Co3MoS热力学稳定性最优构型为单帽三角锥型的构型1(4),该构型相比其他构型更易形成.通过对键长和键级采用多种处理方法综合分析得出:金属与非金属原子间的成键强度对团簇稳定性的影响大于金属与金属原子间成键强度对稳定性的影响,其中Mo-S键对团簇Co3MoS总成键键级贡献率是最大的,同时两个金属原子间的成键依然对团簇Co3MoS的稳定性起到了一定的促进作用.[结论]得出了金属与非金属原子间的成键对团簇Co3MoS热力学稳定性影响较大.     

掺铅锂小团簇的结构、稳定性和化学键研究

采用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法,对锂原子用全电子6-311++g(d,p)基组,铅原子用sddall相对论有效实势基组研究了LinPb(n=7~9)二元团簇较低能量构型的几何结构,并讨论了能量最低的基态构型的化学键和稳定性.研究表明,掺入的铅原子与锂原子之间形成的化学键为共价键,并且成键的价电子对倾向于铅原子.Li8Pb二元团簇基态构型的最高占据分子轨道(HOMO)和最低未占据分子轨道(LUOMO)之间的能隙比LinPb(n=7,9)二元团簇基态构型的大.此外,基于对LinPb(n=7~9)二元团簇基态构型平均原子化能、垂直电离能和垂直电子亲和能的计算分析,得出Li8Pb二元团簇的基态构型最稳定.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-