Sb3+掺杂的PLZT电光陶瓷的水热合成与性能研究

水热合成法制备Sb3 掺杂的PLZT电光陶瓷.用XRD、拉曼光谱等分析方法研究发现,Sb3 含量的增加有助于PLZT的铁电相变及介电性能的改善,当Sb3 掺杂量(摩尔分数)为2.4%时,其介电性能最佳.     

细晶粒陶瓷的制备及性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出Pb0.93La0.07（Zr0.57Ti0.43_0.9825O3的纳米粉体,并用其烧结陶瓷,制备出细晶粒PLZT陶瓷．讨论纳米粉体粒径的大小、物相的形成条件及其对细晶粒PLZT陶瓷的微观结构和压电介电性能的影响．结果表明,随着纳米粉体尺寸的减小,PLZT陶瓷晶粒尺寸降低,与传统固相法烧结的陶瓷相比,细晶粒PLZT陶瓷的室温介电常数增加,压电性能较高．     

PLZT电光陶瓷的应用发展

PLZT电光陶瓷是一种典型的透明铁电陶瓷。由于其优异的性能,近年来得到广泛的研究。本文从PLZT透明电光陶瓷的发展、制备、性能和应用等方面加以评述,较全面地对PLZT透明电光陶瓷进行介绍。     

MnO2掺杂的KNN基无铅压电陶瓷的制备及性能

采用传统的固相反应法制备了(1-x)(Na0.65K0.35)0.94Li0.06NbO3-xmol%MnO2无铅压电陶瓷,研究了Mn的掺杂对陶瓷压电和介电性能的影响.实验结果表明,所有的样品都显示出四方相钙钛矿结构.材料的平均晶粒尺寸随着MnO2掺杂量的增加逐渐变大.MnO2的添加使样品的压电常数d33、平面机电耦合系数kp、机械品质因数Qm、介电损耗tanδ和相对密度均得到明显改善.当MnO2的掺杂量为0.50mol%的时候,样品的性能达到最佳:d33=144pC/N,kp=42%,tanδ=2.4%,Qm=168.以上数据表明,该陶瓷材料是一种极具应用潜力的无铅压电陶瓷材料.     

高掺杂浓度下Mn:MgAl2O4透明陶瓷的形貌分析

采用熔盐焙烧法制备了不同掺杂浓度的Mn:MgAl2O4超细粉体，采用真空烧结法制得Mn:MgAl2O4透明陶瓷. 通过扫描电镜等测试手段研究了可望用于可见波段的新型激光材料Mn:MgAl2O4透明陶瓷的微观形貌等. 结果表明，通过简单的制备工艺可制得有较高宏观透明度的Mn:MgAl2O4陶瓷，但难以得到具有高光学透过率的陶瓷.     

（Ba0.2Sr0.8）1-1.5xBixZn0.04T i0.98O3陶瓷结构及介电性能的研究

采用传统固相反应方法,制备了（Ba0.2Sr0.8）1-1.5xBixZn0.04Ti0.98O3（x=0.00、0.01、0.02、0.03）陶瓷材料,用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和变温介电谱方法,对它们的晶格结构、微观形貌和复介电常数进行了测量和分析.结果表明：1）Zn2＋和Bi3＋进入到Ba0.2Sr0.8TiO3晶格中并与之形成ABO3钙钛矿型固溶体;2）随Bi2O3掺入,陶瓷的室温晶系结构由立方相转变为四方相,同时出现在约120K的弥散相变转化为弛豫相变;3）Bi2O3掺杂对晶粒生长有明显的抑制作用,但晶粒之间的连接性增强,陶瓷的致密度增加;4）当T=300K,f=1Hz,当Bi3＋的掺杂量为0.01mol时,陶瓷样品室温介电常最大（ε＇=1529.95）,此时室温介电损耗值为最大（tanδ=3.366×10-2）.上述结果为该类陶瓷掺杂改性研究,以及弛豫相变机制探索提供参考.     

Ga2O3掺杂的(K0.44Na0.5Li0.06)(Nb0.89Ta0.05Sb0.06)O3无铅压电陶瓷的微观结构与性能研究

采用传统陶瓷烧结工艺制备了(K0.44Na0.5Li0.06)(Nb0.89Ta0.05Sb0.06)O3+x(质量分数)Ga2O3无铅压电陶瓷,研究了掺杂不同Ga2O3含量对(K0.44Na0.5Li0.06)(Nb0.89Ta0.05Sb0.06)O3陶瓷的晶相、微观结构和电学性能的影响.研究结果表明:x在0～2变化范围内,陶瓷为单一四方相的钙钛矿结构,具有良好的铁电性能;随着体系中Ga2O3含量的增加,陶瓷的最佳烧结温度逐渐降低;Ga2O3的掺杂导致陶瓷晶粒变小,陶瓷的铁电四方相-顺电立方相的转变温度即居里温度TC有少许上升,但陶瓷的压电性能明显劣化.     

V、Mn掺杂ZnO薄膜的掺杂特性及制备工艺研究

本文采用溶胶一凝肢法制备掺杂Mn的ZaO薄膜,井直流磁控溅射V掺杂的ZnO薄膜,研究Mn、V掺杂浓度以及制备工艺对于ZnO薄膜微观组织和电学性能的影响。研究发现,溶胶一凝胶法制备ZnO薄膜,最佳熟处理温度为450℃前烘和700℃退火处理结合。掺杂ZnO薄膜结构显示,Mn、V离子部分替代Zn离子进入ZnO晶格的内部。Mn掺杂ZnO薄膜浓度约为1％时,或V元素掺杂浓度为2％时,ZnO薄膜中的（002）晶向的衍射峰最强,显示出一定的C轴择优生长性。     

施受主杂质Nb,Mn共掺BaTiO3B陶瓷的制备方法及其PTC特性

采用固相法制备施主杂质Nb和受主杂志Mn共掺BaTiO3陶瓷，应用固体物理的无序系统理论解释了BaTiO3陶瓷的半导体化机理，并以此为指导选择了较合适的施主Nb的掺杂量。讨论了受主杂质Mn的摩尔浓度与陶瓷PTC性能的关系。     

施受主杂质Nb,Mn共掺BaTiO_3陶瓷的制备方法及其PTC特性

采用固相法制备施主杂质 Nb和受主杂质 Mn共掺的 Ba Ti O3 陶瓷 ,应用固体物理的无序系统理论解释了 Ba Ti O3 陶瓷的半导化机理 ,并以此为指导选择了较合适的施主 Nb的掺杂量。讨论了受主杂质 Mn的摩尔浓度与陶瓷 PTC性能的关系     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-