以RE_2O_3为变质剂生产球墨铸铁的研究

用稀土氧化物渣处理铁水，在１４５０℃下处理２０ｍｉｎ，即可冶炼出稀土含量在０．０１％～０．０４１％范围内、碳当量ＣＥ在３．８３％～４．９３％范围内的球墨铸铁。脱硫反应、稀土氧化物还原反应热力学条件具备，只要搅拌条件良好，都可获得成功。而铁水磷含量应当降低，以确保铸件力学性能     

碳含量对热镀锌IF钢性能及镀层组织的影响

为了保证ＩＦ钢具有优异的成型性能，通常总是希望钢中有尽可能低的碳、氮的含量（Ｃ＜０．００３％）。目前，在中国现有的生产条件下，在工业生产中还难以稳定、持续地生产出碳、氮含量低于０．００３％的越低碳钢。针对这种情况，研制、开发了碳含量在０．００５％左右的ＩＦ钢。     

硫化催化裂化(FCC)汽油吸附脱硫工艺的研究进展

硫化催化裂化（FCC）汽油吸附脱硫工艺是一种将FCC汽油中的硫吸附脱离出来，从而降低其硫含量的技术．目前，全球污染最严重的十大城市的主要污染源都是汽车尾气，汽车尾气造成的城市大气污染问题日趋严重．同时，就资源来说，世界上硫含量大于0.5％的原油占原油总量的75％以上．在这样的情况下，生产硫含量低的清洁油品，从源头解决汽车尾气污染显得尤为重要，而吸附脱硫法是FCC汽油脱硫工艺中成本较低的一种很有前景的生产清洁油品的技术．笔者总结前人的成果，简要介绍了几种吸附脱硫工艺的工作流程及其优缺点，并借此说明了FCC汽油吸附脱硫工艺的研究进展和应用的可能性．     

等离子体熔炼含氮合金钢研究

在敞口镁砂坩埚内，采用金属水冷非转移弧和石墨转移弧等离子体，以氮、氩、氧等混合气体为氮合金化元素，冶炼含氮的铬锰镍合金和不锈钢，在３０ｍｉｎ内，不锈钢中含氮达０．１５％￣０．３０％，代镍可达２％￣６％。分析钢液氮合金化的热力学，动力学条件，研究化学吸附和电吸附氮的现象，提出了强化扩散和对流扩散，加速钢液吸氮速度，提高钢液氮含量的工艺条件。     

“零夹杂”超级纯净钢精炼理论与工艺探讨

通过热力学计算，分析“零夹杂”超级纯净钢精炼过程中防止氧化物夹杂析出的工艺条件和在真空精炼过程中氧化物夹杂被碳还原气化的热力学条件，以及钢液中氮化钛析出的热力学条件。指出在真空条件下钢液中氧化物 夹杂被还原气的反应受反应动力学条件的限制，同时提出“零夹杂”超级纯净钢精炼工艺的要点。     

影响转炉脱硫因素分析

通过对渣—钢脱硫反应影响因素进行理论分析,根据脱硫的工艺特点,针对不同的铁水条件,通过控制原辅材料质量、冶炼工艺控制、终点碳含量控制及出钢操作,达到稳定、有效的脱硫,满足冶炼钢种的要求.     

含钡低钛高炉渣硫分配系数的研究

就ＢａＯ质量含量１．０％－３．７％，ＴｉＯ２质量含量１．５％－４．０％，炉渣二元碱度（ＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２）０．９５－１．１５的高炉渣脱硫能力进行了研究。结果表明：在实验条件下，炉渣脱硫反应是二级反应；炉渣硫分配系数Ｌｓ随二元碱度提高而提高；渣中ＴｉＯ２为３％时，Ｌｓ有一峰值。     

超细钨粉碳化时碳黑粒径对WC粉化合碳的影响

采用超细颗粒（０．３５μｍ）钨粉与不同粒径（０．１,０．３,０．８,４．５μｍ）的碳黑粉,按Ｗ＋Ｃ＝ＷＣ的反应式配碳,在氢气保护下,于８３０－１３００℃保温４０ｍｉｎ,研究碳黑粒径、碳化温度对ＷＣ粉的化合碳含量及物相组成的影响,ＸＲＤ分析物相组成,用化学分析测定碳含量（质量分数）结果表明;当使用０．１μｍ的超细碳黑,温度大于９３０℃时,ＷＣ粉的含碳量可达理论含量,但在此温度下,随着使用的碳黑粒径增大,ＷＣ粉中的化合碳含量急速下降,例如在９５０℃下,使用０．３μｍ的碳黑只能使ＷＣ粉化合碳达到５．２％,使用０．８μｍ碳黑时,ＷＣ的化合碳为３．１８％。     

中空纤维膜接触器脱除水中溶解氧的研究

采用自制的聚丙烯中空纤维膜接触器脱除水中溶解氧,分别考察了水在中空纤维膜接触器的管程和壳程流动时,真空度、温度、进水流速以及中空纤维膜的有效长度对溶解氧脱除率的影响。实验结果表明：溶解氧脱除率随着系统真空度的增大而显著提高,在真空度为0．09MPa时,溶解氧脱除率可以达到80%以上;溶解氧脱除率随着流速的增加而增大,当流速达到一定数值之后,溶解氧脱除率保持不变;此外,溶解氧脱除率与中空纤维膜的有效长度密切相关．膜的有效长度越长．溶解氧脱除率越高,但其受进水温度并不明显。     

易切削钢中Ca含量与硫化物形态的定量研究

定量研究了易切削钢中硫化物的Ｃａ含量与硫化物形态的关系，探讨了Ｃａ使硫化物变质的机理。结果表明：随着硫化物中Ｃａ含量的增加硫化物的长度比下降，当Ｃａ含量大于０．７３％时硫化物基本上呈纺锤状。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to