一种新的基于脑电信号相似性分析的癫痫性发作自动检测方法

癫痫是最常见的神经系统疾病之一。脑电图是大脑电活动的记录,已成为检测癫痫发作的一种有效工具。如何通过数据分析以挖掘癫痫脑电的本质特征,是实现癫痫性发作自动检测的关键。提出了一种新的脑电信号相似性的分析方法,进而在这一方法的基础上定义了待测脑电与模版脑电之间的最大余弦相似度为癫痫脑电特征,并将其应用于癫痫性发作的自动检测。采用BONN和CHB-MIT两个公开数据库来验证该文所提方法的性能。和已有方法相比,该文所提自动检测方法将检测准确率从97. 53%提高至99. 85%。该文所提出的脑电信号相似性分析方法可以成功应用于癫痫性发作的自动检测。     

基于ICA与小波阈值的癫痫脑电信号去噪方法

在癫痫性发作的自动检测中,脑电信号的去噪对检测结果起着至关重要的作用。文中提出了一种新的基于ICA与小波阈值的癫痫脑电信号去噪方法。该方法首先利用ICA将多通道癫痫脑电信号分解为若干独立分量;其次基于独立分量与脑电信号间的夹角余弦识别含噪独立分量并用小波阈值对其去噪处理;最终,在去噪后的癫痫脑电信号与原始癫痫脑电信号中提取样本熵作为脑电特征,并结合超限学习机完成癫痫性发作的自动检测。实验结果表明,在去噪后癫痫脑电信号上的分类性能均优于原始癫痫脑电信号,该文所提方法一定程度上达到了自动去除脑电噪声的效果。同时,该方法避免了去噪过程中对噪声人工辨别及干净参考噪声选取等问题。     

频域注意力机制下的癫痫脑电信号分类

为提高癫痫脑电信号特征分类的准确率,基于残差网络结构的深度学习,提出了一种频域注意力机制下的癫痫脑电信号分类(FDAM)算法。首先分析所提取的脑电信号特征,然后根据信号特征主要分布在时频域的幅值中的特点,通过残差网络对时频域幅值特征进行二次提取,最后为了使残差网络提取的特征集中在与分类结果相关性较大的频域,设计了一种频域注意力机制,在深度学习过程中增强该类频域的幅值特征,有效提高了癫痫脑电信号的分类准确率。采用公开数据库PhysioNet中的CHB-MIT Scalp EEG Database数据库对算法的分类性能进行了验证,实验结果表明,FDAM算法对正常状态和癫痫发作状态的脑电信号分类准确率达到98.05%,特异性为99.34%,灵敏度为96.12%。     

基于BP神经网络的癫痫脑电信号识别研究

为了有效识别癫痫脑电信号,建立了基于误差反向传播（BP）神经网络的癫痫脑电信号识别模型,并提出了一种适合于非平稳脑电信号的特征提取方法。本文以临床采集的包含癫痫发作期的五组500个EEG公共数据为样本,选择了具有任意多分辨分解特性的小波包．对信号进行多尺度分解,提取了各级节点的小波包系数。将小波包系数能量作为特征值,构建了特征向量并输入到BP神经网络分类器中进行自动识别。实验结果表明,该算法的识别率达到了92．5％。     

基于深度学习的癫痫脑电通道选择与发作检测

传统癫痫发作通道选择方法需要提取特征,然后人工进行特征选择,最后基于所选特征训练分类器实现发作检测.为优化特征提取与选择过程,提出一种具有自学习特性,基于深度学习的癫痫脑电通道选择与发作自动检测组合模型.该方法利用卷积自编码器对癫痫脑电数据进行自适应特征提取,获得代表不同通道的特征子集;依据费舍尔准则筛选出特征子集与脑电通道;通过基于参数迁移的一维卷积神经网络实现癫痫发作脑电信号的检测.使用PhysioNet网站中的CHB-MIT数据库中8例有效数据量较为充足的病患脑电数据对组合模型进行有效性评价.对比该方法与基于方差、方差差异性和随机筛选方法得到的结果,在测试集上对癫痫发作检测的准确率、真阳性率、假阳性率的平均值分别达到了92.79%、93.07%、5.16%,均优于其他方法,且模型收敛速度所需的迭代次数平均仅为其他方法的10%.该方法在癫痫脑电发作检测效果和模型训练成本方面都有一定优势,且在进行脑电通道筛选时不需要手动提取特征,同时也可用于阿尔兹海默症等其他脑部疾病辅助诊断个性化检测模型的建立.     

跨境电商系统用户数据库智能访问方法优化

为了解决传统方法不适于大规模用户访问,访问准确性差的问题,通过语义指向性匹配和多维索引树编码结合的方法,对跨境电商系统用户数据库智能访问优化方法进行研究。建立跨境电商数据库模型,为数据库智能访问提供模型依据。依据模糊层次聚类提取语义指向性关联特征,在概念格中完成语义指向性相似度计算,依据提取特征,通过相似度匹配实现数据库智能访问,针对其在用户规模较大时影响访问准确性的问题,采用多维索引树编码的方式对其进行优化,实现对跨境电商系统用户数据库智能访问方法的优化。结果表明:采用所提方法对跨境电商系统时域数据与时频数据语义指向性特征进行提取,能够完成数据语义本体特征指向性聚类,冗余干扰信息被滤除,特征分布聚类性较强;对查全率水平较高情况下的查准率进行测试,发现所提方法在查全率升高时,可令查准率保持在较高的水平,未随查全率的升高有显著下降。可见所提方法访问准确性高。     

去除癫痫脑电信号运动伪迹的变分模态分解-自适应熵阈值方法

针对癫痫发作前期脑电信号中含有运动伪迹影响癫痫预测的问题,提出一种变分模态分解-自适应熵阈值(VMD-AET)的运动伪迹去除方法。设计了实验室环境下8种模拟运动状态,分析不同运动状态下脑电信号的变化规律;利用VMD方法获得脑电信号各频带的变分模态分量,对分量进行能量熵求解和排序;采用不同的熵阈值进行运动状态下伪迹分量的去除,比较得到能量熵的最优阈值,得到不含运动伪迹的脑电信号;采用Matlab软件使用VMD-AET方法实现了脑电信号中运动伪迹的有效去除。实验结果表明:每种运动状态均能达到去伪迹效果,在跑步时伪迹去除率和信噪比提升最高;对癫痫病人发作前期脑电信号的伪迹去除率为5.54%,信噪比提升达到10.35 dB;与常用的独立成分分析和经验模式分解的阈值法进行对比,所提VMD-AET方法的伪迹去除率和信噪比提升了1.47%和3.36 dB,可满足对移动脑电运动干扰的预处理要求。     

基于多分类SVM算法的癫痫发作自动检测方法

高性能的癫痫脑电信号自动检测方法对减轻医生负担并提高癫痫的诊断效率具有重要临床研究意义。论文提出了一种能够区分正常、癫痫发作和发作间期脑电信号的高性能三分类系统。采用Daubechies 4小波构成的4级提升式小波变换将脑电信号分解为不同子带信号,求得不同子带信号的近似熵、Teager能量、局部波动率、自回归系数、Hurst指数特征值;利用Fisher得分法进行特征选择,提高分类精度同时减小计算复杂度;基于二叉树多分类支持矢量机(support vector machine, SVM)对脑电信号分类,实现正常、癫痫发作和发作间期信号的自动检测。实验表明,系统的准确率、灵敏度和特异性均达到100%,优于现有的分类识别方法,提出的三分类系统具有良好的分类性能,为癫痫及癫痫发作的临床检测提供了较好参考价值。     

基于深度卷积神经网络的脑电图异常检测

为解决EEG自动检测的错误率非常高的问题,提出了一种基于深层卷积神经网络(CNN)对脑电图进行异常检测的方法:首先,对多个异构数据源按标准进行重构和预处理,生成了有118 716个样本的训练集和有12 022个样本的测试集;然后,构建有快捷连接的深层CNN模型,以自动化学习ECG特征并进行分类识别; 接着,将模型在训练集上进行试验与调参,保存了性能最好的模型参数; 最后,在测试集上进行预测.预测结果显示该模型达到了94.33%的分类准确率.通过所提方法对脑电信号进行处理与分析,能够自动提取EEG特征并进行异常识别,从而达到快速检测与辅助诊疗的目的.     

利用双谱分析的癫痫脑电特征研究

根据癫痫患者脑电信号具有非高斯、非线性随机特性,应用高阶累积量技术对癫痫患者的脑电信号进行双谱估计,研究了在不同发病阶段的脑电信号的高斯偏离程度,以获取更加敏感和准确的临床监护和发病预报参量.用参数模型法进行双谱估计,并根据奇异值分解最小二乘法求解模型参数,从而获得高分辨率的双谱估计值和有效的脑电相位信息.用功率谱对高阶谱进行规范,规范化结果可作为相关系数,通过估计双相关系数找出它与癫痫发作的关系.实验结果表明,患者在癫痫发作前、开始发作和发作期,双谱的等高线图具有明显的尖峰,在癫痫发作时的脑电双相关系数值要比癫痫发作前和发作后的系数值高得多,使得脑电波的非高斯性和非线性增强.双谱分析为癫痫脑电信号的研究提供了一些新的思路,双相关系数有望成为临床监护、预报癜痫发作的一个指标.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.