低矮双坡屋面房屋风干扰效应的数值模拟分析

采用CFD数值模拟方法探讨了常见的两栋相同的双坡屋面轻钢厂房前后布置时,在不同距离不同风向角下其屋面风压的变化及影响,并与单体工况比较,获得了群体效应下低矮双坡屋面房屋的屋面风压的分布规律和特性.本文的研究可供门式钢架厂房群体建筑的抗风设计作参考.     

东营凹陷八面河地区坡折带特征及其对地层岩性圈闭的控制作用

通过对东营凹陷八面河地区广利东洼陷边缘坡折带的识别标志、成因机制以及演化规律的研究,总结了该区坡折带对于地层岩性圈闭的控制作用,以便为地层岩性油气藏的勘探提供依据.研究表明,该区广利东洼陷边缘发育挠曲坡折带和断裂坡折带,构造活动是形成坡折带的主要因素.坡折带的演化规律与构造活动的阶段性演化或幕式构造作用相对应,也表现出多期性、幕式活动和差异性活动的特点,而且坡折带规模与构造活动大小有关.坡折带对地层岩性圈闭的控制主要表现为:坡折带附近是地层岩性圈闭发育的有利区带;规模较大的坡折带控制了多数地层岩性圈闭,地层岩性圈闭在纵向上发育具有继承性特点;坡折带在横向上可以存在较大的变化,可形成不同的圈闭类型;坡折带控制下的地层岩性圈闭含油气性十分有利.     

浅析常见现浇混凝土坡屋面施工方法

通过对现浇混凝土坡屋面的构造特点和施工难点的分析,从屋面板混凝土结构浇筑和屋面找平层、防水层等重要部位以及天沟、檐沟、出屋面管道细部节点处理的施工措施上,阐述了常见坡屋面施工的方法。     

坡角影响低矮房屋屋面风载体型系数规律试验

基于5个不同坡角、缩尺比为1︰20的双坡低矮房屋风洞试验模型,在3类不同地貌条件下,以风向角、坡角为变量深入研究坡角影响低矮房屋屋面区域体型系数变化规律.参考中国、美国和日本荷载规范对屋面进行区域划分,给出不同屋面划分形式下屋面体型系数,分析坡角、风向角和地貌对屋面分区体型系数的影响.研究结果表明:坡角对低矮房屋屋面不同区域局部体型系数影响较大,随着坡角的增大迎风屋面处体型系数绝对值减小,18.4°坡角房屋背风屋面风压体型系数绝对值最大;屋面划分形式相对应的体型系数数值大小也不同,中国规范给出的体型系数数值偏小;风向角为0°,90°时地貌影响屋面体型系数大于其他风向角,湍流度增大屋面体型系数绝对值呈现递增趋势.     

龙卷风作用下四坡屋面建筑风荷载特性数值模拟研究

文章基于计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics, CFD)数值模拟,采用剪切应力传输(shear stress transport, SST)k-ω湍流模型对龙卷风作用下的四坡屋面低矮建筑风荷载进行模拟研究,针对多个龙卷风方位角,分析获取不同坡角和有、无挑檐时建筑表面风压分布规律以及分区风载体型系数。结果表明:建筑背风屋面始终承受风吸力作用,并随着屋面坡角增加,风吸力不断增大;随着坡角增加,迎风屋面受荷形式由受风吸力为主转变为受风压力为主;整体来看,挑檐的存在有利于减小四坡建筑屋面的龙卷风荷载作用。     

短切玄武岩纤维增强低导热型加气混凝土的试验研究

对低导热性加气混凝土进行了短切玄武岩纤维增强实验研究.测试5种不同体积掺量的加气混凝土的抗压强度与抗折强度,采用立体变焦显微镜对不同孔径的发气气孔的含量进行统计与计算.采用扫描电子显微镜观察其微观形貌,并与未掺短切玄武岩纤维的加气混凝土做对比.研究结果表明,短切玄武岩纤维能显著提高加气混凝土的强度,尤其是抗折强度.当体积掺量为0.6%时,加气混凝土的抗压强度与抗折强度均达到最大值.     

高层坡檐口平屋面外墙作业吊篮悬挂机构设计与施工

本工程由于屋面女儿墙造型特殊,高度较高、內坡、外侧有挑檐等情况,无法正常在屋面架设吊篮悬挂机构.与平屋面满堂搭设作业平台方案比选,本工程采用钢丝绳穿越坡檐口混凝土结构,在栏板内侧搭设反支撑架传力于坡檐口结构的方案,此方案能在保证施工安全、满足工程质量的前提下,不但可以加快施工进度,还能节省施工费用.     

二连盆地坡折带类型及其对高位域砂体的控制

二连盆地坡折带按形成时间可以分为同沉积坡折带和古地貌坡折带;按成因机制可分为构造坡折带、沉积坡折带和侵蚀坡折带,构造坡折带又可分为断裂坡折带和褶皱坡折带;具有多级坡折带的特点。坡折带控制了高位体系域内扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲及湖底扇砂体的形成与分布,使得高位域砂体形成上倾尖灭和透镜体岩性圈闭。多级坡折带的不同类型坡折带上发育不同类型和形态的高位域砂体。同时,坡折带的平面展布也控制了高位域砂体的分布,形成了岩性地层油藏富集带。     

低矮房屋屋面易损区局部体型系数试验研究

基于缩尺比为1∶20的双坡低矮房屋风洞试验模型,在A、B、C三类不同地貌条件下,以风向角、坡角及湍流度为变量研究低矮房屋屋面易损区局部体型系数分布特征及变化规律试验研究.试验结果表明:风向对低矮房屋屋面局部体型系数影响较大并呈现一定规律性,斜风向作用下为各不同坡角房屋最不利风向角;坡角对低矮房屋屋面不同区域局部体型系数影响不一,最不利体型系数集中在平屋面迎风屋檐及角部区域和坡屋面屋脊;坡角大于30°时,最不利体型系数随湍流度增大而增大;迎风面易损区体型系数随屋面坡角增大而增大,并提出屋面坡角与局部体型系数相应的拟合公式.     

低矮带檐口曲面四坡建筑屋面风压数值模拟和抗风优化

采用Fluent软件与RNG(Re-normalization group) k-ε湍流模型,数值模拟我国东南沿海地区常见的一类带檐口低矮曲面四坡屋面的风压.重点分析了屋面坡角、风向角、檐口类型等参数对四坡屋面平均风压及周围风场的影响.研究表明,上述参数与屋面风压都密切相关.随屋面坡角增大,迎风屋檐处峰值风吸力减小,背风面风吸力增大;配置檐口可显著改变屋面子块区域的平均风压系数,从而使屋面抗风性能得到优化.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.