济宁唐阳井田晚古生代含煤岩系孢粉组合及其地质时代

通过对济宁唐阳井煤田晚古生代含煤岩系中的孢粉化石的研究,共鉴定出孢粉化石７１ 属１７７种。根据孢粉属种组成和含量在纵向上的变化,自上而下共建立了两个孢粉组合带,即：ⅡＧｕｌｉｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓｃｏｃｈｌｅａｒｉｕｓ－ Ｓｉｎｕｌａｔｉｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ－ Ｇｒａｎｕｌａｔｉｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ ｐｉｒｏｆｏｒｍｉｓ 带和ⅠＬａｅｖｉｇａｔｏｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ ｖｕｌｇａｒｉｓ－ Ｔｈｙｍｏｓｐｏｒａｐｓｅｕｄｏｔｈｉｅｓｓｅｎｉｉ 带。以上两个孢粉组合如与华北部分地区石炭———二叠纪孢粉组合带对比,它们所代表的地质时代分别为晚石炭世晚期（ 太原组） 和早二叠世早期（ 山西组）。     

广西鸟类新纪录（Ⅱ）

报道在广西新发现的棕胸竹鸡（Ｂａｍｂｕｓｉｃｏｌａｆｙｔｃｈｉｉ）、短嘴金丝燕（Ｃｏｌｌｏｃａｌｉａｂｒｅｕｉｒｏｓｔｒｉｓ）、白腹幽鹛（Ｐｏｌｌｏｒｎｅｕｍａｌｂｉｖｅｎｔｒｅ）、黄眉林雀（Ｓｙｌｖｉｐａｒｕｓｍｏｄｅｓｔｕｓ）、白鹇榕江亚种（Ｌｏｐｈｕｒａｍｙｃｔｈｅｍｅｒａｒｏｎｇｊｉａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ）和红角东北亚种（Ｏｔｕｓｓｃｏｐｓｓｔｉｃｔｏｎｏｔｕｓ）的标本的数量、性别、量衡度、采集时间、采集地点和主要形态特征。对这些鸟类的分类和分布进行了初步讨论．     

四川天全、芦山、宝兴地区须家河组双壳类动物群

文章报道四川天全沙坪、芦山双石、宝兴灵关等地的上三叠统须家河组中丰富的双壳类动物群,建立了一个以ＹｕｎｎａｎｏｐｈｏｒｕｓＰｅｒｍｏｐｈｏｒｕｓ－Ｗｅｉｙｕａｎｅｌｌａ为特征分子的组合带,分析了双壳类化石组合特征,描述双壳类化石５新种（Ｐａｃｈｙｃａｒｄｉａｓｉｃｈｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓ,Ｙｕｎｎａｎｏｐｈｏｒｕｓｂａｏｘｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ,Ｐｅｒｍｏｐｈｏｒｕｓｔｉａｎｑｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓ,Ｗａａｇｅｎｏｐｅｒｎａｔｕｍｉｄａ,Ｍｙｏｐｈｏｒｉｏｐｉｓｌｉｎｇｇｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓ）。它的研究对四川盆地西部和西北部须家河组地度的划分和邻区对比以及古地理概况和煤系地层的认识,提供了新的素材。     

广西龙州蝗属一新种(直翅目:斑腿蝗科)

记述采自广西环江毛南族自治县的龙州蝗属—新种，即环江龙州蝗Ｌｏｎｇｚｈｏｕａｃｒｉｓｈｕａｎｊｉａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．该新种近似于海南龙州蝗ＬｏｎｇｚｈｏｕａｃｒｉｓｈａｉｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓＺｈｅｎｇｅｔＬｉａｎｇ和金秀龙州蝗ＬｏｎｇｚｈｏｕａｃｒｉｓｊｉｎｘｉｕｅｎｓｉｓＬｉｅｔＪｉｎ。     

中国金羽蛾属二新种(鳞翅目:羽蛾科)

记述了中国金羽蛾属（ＡｇｄｉｓｔｉｓＨｕｂｎｅｒ［１８２５］）二新种：新疆金羽蛾（Ａｇｄｉｓｔｉｓｘｉｎｊｉａｎｇｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ）和陕西金羽蛾（Ａｇｄｉｓｔｉｓｓｈａａｎｘｉｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ）．模式标本保存在西北林学院森保系昆虫标本室．     

草莓酵母菌的分离及生理特性研究

本文介绍从草莓（ＦｒａｇａｒｉａａｎａｎａｓａＤｕｃｈｅｓｎｅａ）果实的发酵液中，分离出两株酵母菌，并经过对其细胞形态的观察和生理特性测定，初步确定它们分别属于有孢汉逊酵母属（ＨａｎｓｅｎｉａｓｐｏｒａＺｉｋｅｓ）中的法尔皮有孢汉逊酵母（ＨｕａｌｂｙｅｎｓｉｓＫＩｏｃｋｅｒ）和汉逊酵母属（ＨａｎｓｅｎｕｌａＨｅｔＰｓｙｄｏｗ）中的异常汉逊酵母（Ｈａｎｓｅｎｕｌａａｎｏｍａｌａ（Ｈａｎｓ）Ｓｙｄｏｗ）。     

河北植物区系的六新记录植物

报道了采自河北省青龙县老岭的５种和１变种河北新记录植物。它们是榛属的长苞榛ＣｏｒｙｌｕｓｈｅｔｅｒｏｐｈｙｌａＦｉｓｃｈ．ｅｘＴｒａｕｔｖ．ｖａｒ．ｓｈｅｎｙａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓＬ．ＺｈａｏｅｔＤ．Ｃｈｅｎ，缬草属的黑水缬草ＶａｌｅｒｉａｎａａｍｕｒｅｎｓｉｓＳｍｉｒ．ｅｘＫｏｍａｒｏｖ，马兰属的马兰Ｋａｌｉｍｅｒｉｓｉｎｄｉｃａ（Ｌ．）ｓｃｈ．－Ｂｉｐ．和裂叶马兰Ｋａｌｉｍｅｒｉｓｉｎｃｉｓａ（Ｆｉｓｃｈ．）ＤＣ．，灯心草属的乳头灯心草ＪｕｎｃｕｓｐａｐｉｌｏｓｕｓＦｒａｎｃｈ．ｅｔＳａｖ．以及鸢尾属的玉蝉花ＩｒｉｓｅｎｓａｔａＴｈｕｎｂ．     

川北曾家地区二叠纪──早三叠世地层学研究

川北曾家地区二叠纪－早三叠世的生物地层研究表明，该区二叠系有４个生物带：Ｎａｎｋｉｎｅｌａｌａｔａ－Ｐｉｓｏｌｉｎａｓｔａｆｆｅｌｉｎｏｉｄｅｓ组合带，Ｎｅｏｓｃｈｗａｇｅｒｉｎａ－Ｖｅｒｂｅｅｋｉｎａｖｅｒｂｅｅｋｉ组合带，Ｃｏｄｏｎｏｆｕｓｉｅｌａ－Ｒｅｉｃｈｅｌｉｎａｃｈａｎｇｈｓｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ组合带和Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｔｉｒｏｌｉｔｅｓ－Ｃｈａｏｔｉａｎｏｃｅｒａｓ组合带；下三叠统也有４个生物带：Ｃｌａｒａｉａｗａｎｇｉ－Ｏｐｈｉｃｅｒａｓ组合带，Ｃｌａｒａｉａａｕｒｉｔａ－Ｃｌａｒａｉａｓｔａｃｈｅｉ组合带，Ｅｕｍｏｒｐｈｏｔｉｓｍｕｌｔｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ－Ｅｎｔｏｌｉｕｍ组合带和Ｔｉｒｏｌｉｔｅｓ组合带。在此基础上，结合火山沉积事件、沉积物注入和分布的明显变化及陆上暴露标志等的研究，建立了该区二叠系－下三叠统层序地层格架，划分出７个层序，并分析了相应的环境演变和不同的构造背景     

缝颚螨属两新种及一新纪录（蜱螨亚纲：缝颚螨科）

本文记述缝颚螨属ＲａｐｈｉｇｎａｔｈｕｓＤｕｇｅｓ两新种：贵阳缝颚螨Ｒａｐｈｉｇｎａｔｈｕｓｇｕｉｙａｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和赵氏缝颚螨Ｒａｐｈｉｇｎａｔｈｕｓｚｈａｏｉ．ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ及中国新纪录。     

中国早石炭世的四射珊瑚组合及主物古地理

中国早石炭世的四射珊瑚可划分为六个组合带，自下而上依序为。１）Ｃｅｒｉｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ　ｅｌｅｇａｔｕｍ　　　　（ＭｅｎｉｓｃｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍｘｉｎｊｉＡｎｇｅｎｓｅ带大致与之相当），２）Ｃａｎｉｎｉａ　ｄｏｒｌｏｄｏｔｉ或Ｋａｓｓｉｎｅｌｌａ－　　Ｌｏｐｈｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ　ｄｅｎｓｕｍ，３）Ｃｙｓｔｏｈｒｅｎｔｉｓ或Ｅｎｙｇｍｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ－Ｋａｋｗｉｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ　ｑｉｎｇｈ－ａｉｅｎｓｅ，４）Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｕｒａｌｉｎｉａ　或Ｓｉｐｈｏｎｏｐｈｙｌｌｉａ　ｏｐｐｒｅｓｓａ，５）Ｔｈｙｓａｎｏｐｈｌｌｕｍ　ａｓｉａｔｉｃｕｍ或Ｏｒｉｎａｓｔｒａｅａ　ｈａｉｔｏｕｔａｌａｅｎｓｉｓ－Ｄｏｒｌｏｄｏｔｉａ，６）Ｙｕａｎｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ．图乃阶和韦则阶的分界　　或Ｏｒｉｎａｓｔｒａｅａ，６）Ｙｕａｎｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ．图乃阶和韦则阶的分界　　划在Ｓｉｐｈｏｎｏｐｈｙｌｌｉａ　ｏｐｐｒｅｓｓａ带的顶部．ＹｕＡｎｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ带的时代自韦则晚期延伸至纳缪尔早　　　　期。根据珊瑚动物群的特征区分出三个生物地理区，即天山－祁连区、巴颜喀喇－三江区和扬子　　区，各区相应的代表分予分别为Ｓｉｐｈｏｎｐｈｙｌｌｉａ　ｏｐｐｒ?     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-