Measuring radial Young’s modulus of DNA by tapping mode AFM

Based on tapping mode AFM imaging, a method was demonstrated to evaluate compression elasticity of single double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) molecules in the force region. With images under ambient conditions, Young’s moduli of dsDNA in compression were calculated. Results demonstrated that Young’s moduli of dsDNA can be simply deduced according to the proposed model. The method can also be used to evaluate the compression elasticity of similar soft nanomaterials.     

A new method for compression-rebuilding of IR spectra

This work presents a new spectral data compression-rebuilding technique to translate the full IR spectral data into compact codes based on the analysis and comprehension encoding approach. This method has been successfully applied to a sample set of 505 IR spectra randomly picked from 100 000 spectra. The results show that the compression ratio reaches 12.7:1 under a very weak curve distortion. The choice of the number and shape of the basis functions is flexible. The IR spectra can be compressed in a fixed data size in fulfilling the distortion criteria. The data after compression have no significance in the sense of 蜶 spectra. To recover the original spectra, a specific algorithm must be applied. So the method can be used as a cryptic tool. Furthermore, the method can be applied to the compression of other complex curve by utilizing some of proper basis functions.     

Research on Dynamic Model＇s Building of Active Magnetic Suspension Systems

An experimental method is introduced in this paper to build the dynamics of AMSS （the active magnetic suspension system）, which doesn＇t depend on system＇s physical parameters. The rotor can be reliably suspended under the unit feedback control system designed with the primary dynamic model obtained, Online identification in frequency domain is processed to give the precise model, Comparisons show that the experimental method is much closer to the precise model than the theoretic method based on magnetic circuit law. So this experimental method is a good choice to build the primary dynamic model of AMSS,     

Global Mission Sensitivity Study for Phased MissionSystem with Analysis of Variance Method

A comprehensive mission sensitivity analysis index based on Sobol＇s index called global mission sensitivity（ GMS） was proposed in this paper which focused on analyzing the mission sensitivity of components of phased mission systems（ PMS）. The simulation strategy of GMS based on a Petri net and Monte Carlo method was presented which had broad applicability. Finally,the GMS and Birnbaum＇s sensitivity of components in a PMS example were compared. The GMS of component is demonstrated to be more adaptable to reflect the component mission sensitivity when the rated reliability parameters of components cannot be obtained, and components have state dependency or the system is subjected to common cause failure.     

The Characterization in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and James Joyce＇ s Aesthetics

In his novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, James Joyce minimized the position of minor characters in order to present the central posifon of the hero. This kind of characterization is closely related with Joy＇s aesthetics, that is Joyce＇s principle of ＂wholeness＂. In this paper, the close relationship between the characterization and Joyce＇s ＂wholeness＂ aesthetics will be discussed to prove that Joyce em- ployed his aesthetics in his art creation.     

Fractal image encoding based on adaptive search

Finding the optimal algorithm between an efficient encoding process and the rate distortion is the main research in fractal image compression theory. A new method has been proposed based on the optimization of the Least-Square Error and the orthogonal projection. A large number of domain blocks can be eliminated in order to speed-up fractal image compression. Moreover, since the rate-distortion performance of most fractal image coders is not satisfactory, an efficient bit allocation algorithm to improve the rate distortion is also proposed. The implementation and comparison have been done with the feature extraction method to prove the efficiency of the proposed method.     

Feasibility Research on Fatigue Damage Evaluation Based on Magnetic Memory Method

To confirm whether Magnetic Memory Method can be used to evaluate the fatigue damage of ferromagnetic part or not, this paper stated the principle of magnetic memory method. Also, the relationship between testing parameter of magnetic memory method and fatigue damage was analyzed based on the experiment. The results show that magnetic memory method can be used to evaluate the fatigue damage represented by stress concentration. However, the relationship between the parameter of magnetic memory method and fatigue damage still needs to be studied.     

Weak-Keys in Public Key Cryptosystems Based on Discrete Logarithms

The discrete logarithm method is the foundation of many public key algorithms. However, one type of key, defined as a weak-key, reduces the security of public key cryptosystems based on the discrete logarithm method. The weak-key occurs if the public key is a factor or multiple of the primitive element, in which case the user＇s private key is not needed but can be obtained based on the character of the public key. An algorithm is presented that can easily test whether there is a weak-key in the cryptosystem. An example is given to show that an attack can be completed for the Elgamal digital signature if a weak-key exists, therefore validating the danger of weak-keys. Methods are given to prevent the generation of these weak-keys.     

Tangential stress analysis of myocardial wall by finite element method

A novel method is presented to build the triangular surface model and calculate the tangential stress and strain of myocardial wall ,which can be further used to reflect the left ventricle twisting—a sensitive index to assess the systolic and diastolic function of heart. Firstly, a point distribution model is used to obtain the feature points of the ventricular surface in medical images. Secondly, the surface model is constructed by triangular mesh, and then the subdivision strategy is introduced to refine the model. Thirdly, plane projection and finite element method(FEM) are applied to calculate the tangential stress and strain.Finally, the distribution of tangential modulus of elasticity is discussed. The stimulation results show that the proposed method can be used to compute the tangential stress and strain of myocardial wall effectively and the computing result is consistent with the results mentioned in the literatures.     

Predicting the Maximum Load of Reinforced-Concrete Pipe Columns

To simplify the calculation of the maximum load at which instability occurs for reinforced-concrete pipe columns under eccentric compression, a method based on the transformed cross-sectional area of the column and the concrete secant modulus of elasticity is proposed, consisting of an iterative process in which a sequence of lateral deflections is at column mid-height. The method assumes the deflected shape of the column as a half cosine wave. Analytical results were compared with experimental values obtained from 16 reinforced-concrete pipe columns. Using deflection at column mid-height recorded during the loading process, a typical load-deflection curve can be plotted and used to describe column behavior. The experimental results demonstrate that the failure of concrete columns is a process. The starting point is the cracking load point, when cracks are initiated in the concrete of the tensile zone of the critical cross-section of specimens. The maximum load point is the top of the failure process, and then the maximum bending moment occurs. The first point represents instability while the second one corresponds to the strength failure of the columns. The experimental results are close to the analytical values. The method is simple and can be used for stability analysis of reinforced-concrete pipe columns.     

Nanomechanics of individual amyloid fibrils using atomic force microscopy

Compression elasticity of glucagon amyloid fibrils in the transverse direction was investigated by a nanoindentation approach based on atomic force microscopy (AFM).With force-volume mapping, we obtained the correlations between radially applied force and compression of amyloid fibrils, from which the radial compressive elasticity can be deduced.The estimated elastic modulus at three typical locations of fibrils varied from (0.72±0.80) GPa to (1.26±0.62) GPa under small external forces, imply-ing the struct...     

A Statistical Method for Analysis of Technical Data of a Badminton Match Based on 2-D Seriate Images

The use of computer vision technology to collect and analyze statistics during badminton matches or training sessions can be expected to provide valuable information to help coaches to determine which tactics should be used by a player in a given game or to improve the player＇s tactical training. A method based on 2-D seriate images by which statistical data of a badminton match can be obtained is presented. Image capture and analysis were performed synchronously using a multithreading technique. The regions of movement in the images were detected using a temporal difference method, and the trajectories of the movement regions were analyzed using sedate images. The shuttlecock trajectory was extracted from all detected trajectories using various characteristic parameters. The stroke type was determined by comparing the shuttlecock trajectory data with a set of stroke definition data. The algorithm was tested at a training center, and the results were compared with baseline data obtained by expert visual inspection using four video samples, which included approximately 10 000 frames. The shuttlecock trajectory and stroke type were detected correctly in almost 100% of the analyzed video sequences. The average speed of the automated analysis was approximately 40 frames/s, indicating that the method can be used for real-time analysis during a badminton match. The system is convenient for use by a sports coach.     

Real-time video compression system design and hardware implementation based on multiple ADV212

In order to improve the transmission rate of the compression system , a real-time video lossy compression system based on multiple ADV 212 is proposed and achieved .Considering the CMOS video format and the working principle of ADV 212 , a Custom-specific mode is used for various video formats firstly .The data can be cached through the FPGA internal RAM and SDRAM Ping-Pong op-eration.And the working efficiency is greatly promoted .Secondly, this method can realize direct code stream transmission or do it after storage .Through the error correcting coding , the correction ability of the flash memory is highly improved .Lastly, the compression and de-compression circuit boards are involved to specify the performance of the method .The results show that the compression system has a real-time and stable performance .And the compression ratio can be changed arbitrarily by configuring the program .The compression system can be realized and the real-time performance is good with large amount of data .     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Application of EEG multipole model in the diagnosis of Alzheimer''''s disease

In order to find the electroencephalogram （EEG） characteristic parameters typical of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） and explore an effective diagnostic method, a new mobile current multipole model was proposed to simulate the AD patient＇s cortical dipole source activities. The indicators of goodness of fit （GOF） and DtononD （DD） were calculated from EEG samples to evaluate the performance of this model. Relevant results showed that this multipole model with higher GOFvalues and larger DD change well fitted the pathological electrical activities of cortical neurons aroused by AD＇s extended sulcus and gyrus in the cerebral cortex. Meanwhile, the products of DD mean ＆ standard variance were found in a clear linear correlation with the diagnostic data of mini-mental state examination （MMSE） used in AD clinics. Furthermore, by tracing this multipole model＇s indicators in typical patients and contrasting with the functional magnetic resonance image （fMRI） as AD progressed, we suggested that the DD index may be suitable for monitoring the AD developments as a new diagnostic parameter.     

The Communicative Functions of ntentional isinterpretation in Daily Conversation

The present study analyzes the phenomenon of intentional misinterpretation in verbal communication and its communicative functions. In human verbal communication, misunderstanding occurs when the hearer＇s understanding of the speaker＇s utterances is not identical with the speaker＇s intended one. However, in some cases, the hearer may intentionally choose the interpretation diverging from the speaker＇s intended meaning in order to achieve certain communicative effects. This kind of linguistic phenomenon can be called intentional misinterpretation, which performs various functions in human daily conversation.     

Defeating constraint based program analysis with temporal correlation function

Constraint based program analysis is widely used in program validation, program vulnerability analysis, etc. This paper proposes a temporal correlation function to protect programs from analysis. The temporal correlation function can be applied to resist against both static and dynamic function summary and eoncolie testing. What＇ s more, the temporal correlation function can produce different outputs even with same input. This feature can be used to damage the premise of function summary as well as prevent concolie testing process to run the new branch with new input. Experiment results show that this method can reduce efficiency and path coverage of concolic testing, while greatly in- creasing the difficulty of constraint based program analysis.     

A Fingerprinting Method Based on Module Extraction Used to Protect Intellectual Property

Intellectual Property （IP） reuse methodology has been widely used in Integrate Circuit （IC） design. Meanwhile, the corresponding security problems caused by illegal IP distribution have aroused lots of attentions. Unlike using IP watermark to identify IP＇s ownership, IP fingerprinting can be used to trace illegal distributor. In this paper, IP buyer＇s fingerprint is mapped into different derived instances of extracted modules, and then is embedded into IP to identify distributor in case of illegal distribution. Comparing with other fingerprinting method, the proposed method has some good characteristics such as low design effort, small storage demand, high security and few physical overheads.     

Symmetrical directional cloning: An efficient method to prepare hairpin RNA interference constructs

RNA interference (RNAi) is a loss-of-function approach by which double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) initiates degradation of homologous mRNAs in a sequence specific manner. The dsRNA molecules can be produced in vitro or in vivo, and can be introduced to cells in a number of ways. Here we report a more efficient method for the cloning of inverted repeat DNA fragments into expression vectors that can be transcribed into effective dsRNA molecules in vivo or in vitro. This method, named Symmetrical Directional Cloning (SDC), takes the advantage of compatible non-palindromic restriction enezyme sites, which allow one to directionally clone a single PCR product in both the sense and antisense orientations together into a vector. SDC allows for the directional cloning of inverted repeats using a single PCR product; it requires only one cut site on each side of the loop. Hence this method is more cost effective and less time-consuming. At least 21 commercially available restriction endonucleases can be used as cloning sites for the SDC method. The efficacy of dsRNA expression vectors prepared by SDC has been demonstrated by targeting a negative regulator of the signaling pathway mediating the response of cells to phytohormone, gibberellins (GA), in the aleurone cells.     

Static Softening Behaviour of Hot-worked Austenite in Microalloyed Structural Steel StE460

Double-hit compression tests were performed on StE460 steel containing microalloying elements niobium and vanadium over a range of temperatures and strain rates penment to hot rolling. The fractional softening was evaluated by use of the offset method, which was confirmed to be a very reasonable method. Appropriate expressions are given for the static recrystallization kinetics as a function of temperature and strain rate. Particular attention is paid to the effect of strain rate on static recrystallization. It can be shown that the static softening is apparently accelerated by strain rate. Recrystallization in low temperature austenitic region is stopped due to precipitation of carbonitrides of microalloying elements, which is reflected in the form of a plateau in the curves of static softening.