口语测试及评价

外语测试是外语教学过程的重要环节,但是大规模的口语测试一直处于劣势,所以英语教学界对口语测试的呼声越来越高.本文从话语运用、设计口试类型、考查学生能力等方面谈了口语测试及评价应注重的东西,争取对大学英语口语教学起到一定作用.     

大学英语口语教学形成性评价的实验性研究

形成性评价对大学英语口语教学有积极的促进作用。以某综合性大学理工科二年级36名学生为受试对象,开展了历时一个学期的形成性评价口语教学实验活动,对形成性评价在大学英语口语教学中的有效性进行了验证。实验活动包括实验前的测试与调查、实验前的准备活动、实验过程（课堂口语活动评价和课外口语活动评价）、实验后的测试、调查及反思。     

校内大学英语大规模口语测试问题及对策

本文结合我校大学英语口语测试实践，介绍了大学校内大规模英语口语测试的现状，分析了大学英语口语测试的存在的问题和影响因素，并针对性地提出了改进的对策，旨在推进对全日制非英语专业本科生进行的口语测试，并对口语教学起有效的反拨作用。     

大学英语口语测试问题及对策

总结学生在口语测试中所暴露的主要问题并分析其原因，提出教师应进一步重视口语教学，采取实用有效的方法提高学生听说能力，从而提高大学英语口语教学的质量和水平。     

英语口语交流心理障碍及教学策略探讨

英语口语的重要性有目共睹，而心理障碍是影响口语表达和提高的重要因素。作者运用心理语言学有关知识，探讨了口语交际心理障碍的类型及成因，提出了克服心理障碍、提高学习者口语水平的方法和策略，以期待对口语教学有所帮助。     

对非英语专业大学英语口语测试的思考

本文从非英语专业英语口语测试的现状出发,对测试中本身存在的问题,以及测试对教学的反驳作用进行探究和分析,最后从丰富口语测试的内容和形式、注重考察基本功,检验学生口语交际能力、检验学生运用英语解决其专业问题的能力以及检测学生的思维能力四个方面,对非英语专业英语口语测试改革进行了一些探索。     

任务教学法在英语口语教学中的应用

自上个世纪80年代初期以来,出现了大量关于任务教学法(task-basedapproach)的研究。但对如何在口语教学中使用各种类型的教学任务(tasks)没有明确的界定。本文首先介绍了在泰国某大学传媒艺术系的口语教学中如何使用各种不同类型的教学任务,其次通过课程前后学生的口语表现(oralperformance)的比较,评价了该教学法在英语口语教学中的教学效果。结果表明任务教学法在口语教学中效果是显著的。     

大学英语口语测试设计思路

根据英语语言测试理论，提出大学英语口语测试的设计思路．分析了大学英语口语测试所面临的新挑战，如资源问题，人力问题，时间问题，效度问题，信度问题，区分度问题及解决这些问题的建议．通过分析学生的口语能力提出口语测试范围及施考方法和评分方法．     

高职英语口语测试的改革实践及思考

科学合理有效的口语测试无疑会对英语口语教学起着推动和指引作用,根据社会发展的需要,本文在分析了口语测试的现状及改革必要性的基础上,对口语测试进行了大胆的改革实践,并作出了一些总结与思考。     

大学英语口语教学策略探讨

现代社会要求人才具有较强的英语口语交际能力，而大学生实际的英语口语能力却并不理想。根据几年来的教学经验，本文从三方面对英语口语教学策略进行了探讨：口语教学中的文化导入；选材的巧妙；充分利用听力材料进行口语教学。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with