约束混凝土柱强度和变形的试验研究

随着高层抗震建筑的发展,极需要大幅度提高钢筋混凝土柱的强度及延性,但因高强混凝土的脆性及受混凝土极限压缩值的控制,使高强混凝土及高强纵筋在柱中的应用受到了限制。本文通过试验说明当用密排箍筋约束混凝土侧向变形条件下,不但能克服高强混凝土的脆性大幅度提高其强度及延性,而且还能使它与高强纵筋(Ⅴ级钢筋)很好地协同工作,从而使这类柱子具有良好的力学性能。     

周期反复荷载下高强混凝土压弯构件抗震性能的试验研究

本文是关于高强混凝土压弯构件在低周反复荷载作用下抗震性能的试验研究．通过对１０个“⊥”形试件在固定轴向荷载和水平周期反复荷载作用下的试验，主要研究了强度等级为Ｃ８０级的高强混凝土柱箍筋加密区的受力性能．试验的主要参变量为轴压比、含箍特征值和混凝土保护层厚度．试验考察了构件的破坏形态，对柱加密区的箍筋应变、纵筋应变、纵筋锚固粘结滑移及截面曲率等进行了量测和分析；研究了轴压比、含箍特征值等对高强混凝土柱延性性能的影响；详细分析了箍筋的约束作用和高轴压比对构件延性的作用情况；给出了位移延性比和极限位移转角的经验公式以及相应不同抗震等级和不同轴压比下的最小含箍特征的建议值；分析了混凝土保护层与截面面积比对构件延性试验结果的影响．根据不同计算方法对试件的正截面强度进行了计算与对比分析；讨论了箍筋及底梁的约束对高强混凝土压弯构件正截面强度的影响     

再生保温混凝土剪力墙抗震性能试验研究及模拟分析

设置了4个再生保温混凝土剪力墙对照组进行拟静力试验，结合ANSYS有限元分析软件进行再生保温混凝土剪力墙模型建立和分析，研究再生保温混凝土剪力墙的抗震性能。通过对比低周往复荷载下剪力墙构件应力云图和钢筋Mises应力云图，将试验结果与模拟分析相结合，深入研究轴压比、剪跨比、暗柱配筋率及箍筋约束对于剪力墙抗震性能的影响。结果表明：模拟采用的混凝土及钢筋计算模型，其计算值与实验值之间偏差不超过10%,是较为可靠的计算模型；再生保温混凝土比一般混凝土的最大承载力高1.2%～4.7%,因剪跨比不同再生保温混凝土延性系数比普通混凝土高5.1%～12.8%,具有很好的抗震性能；高剪跨比构件拥有更好的抗震性能，且剪跨比对结构的影响程度在加载前期大于加载后期；轴压比从0.14增加至0.3过程中，承载力的提升约为35%,但承载力提升使构件的延性和抗震能力均下降；增加暗柱配筋率能有效提高混凝土构件的延性和抗震能力。     

配高强箍筋的高强混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究

设计制作了不同配箍率及箍筋强度的C100高强钢筋混凝土柱模型,并对其进行了低周反复荷载试验,研究其破坏形态、骨架曲线、延性性能、刚度退化、承载力退化等性能。对比分析不同箍筋强度和配箍率对高强钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能的影响,结果表明,除常用的提高配箍率能有效提高高强混凝土的抗震性能外,配高强度箍筋的高强混凝土的承载力有较大提高,并能有效提高高强度混凝土柱的延性,对高强混凝土柱的抗震性能有明显改善,在配箍率提高空间有限情况下,提高箍筋强度也是改善高强混凝土柱抗震性能的有效措施,也可以同时采用两种措施。     

活性粉末混凝土(RPC)梁柱节点抗震性能非线性有限元分析

为了研究活性粉末混凝土(RPC)梁柱节点的抗震性能,本文运用有限元软件ABAQUS,对22个RPC梁柱节点进行分析,得到各节点的滞回曲线和骨架曲线,研究柱端轴压比、节点核芯区箍筋配筋率和梁、柱纵筋配筋率对RPC梁柱节点的滞回特性、延性、承载力等抗震性能的影响规律.研究发现,RPC梁柱节点与高强混凝土梁柱节点受力变化规律基本一致.随着轴压比的增加,RPC梁柱节点延性显著下降,当轴压比低于0.6时,构件极限承载力随轴压比增加而增加,当轴压比高于0.6时,构件极限承载力开始呈现下降趋势;随着节点核芯箍筋配筋率的增加,延缓了构件强度与刚度的退化,并使构件的延性、极限承载力有所提升,当节点核芯配箍率低于1.01%时,构件的承载能力和塑形变形能力较差;随着梁、柱纵筋配筋率的增加,构件极限承载力及延性有所提升.     

型钢混凝土柱抗震性能实验研究

通过对8根剪跨比为3,十字型钢混凝土柱进行了低周反复荷载实验,研究型钢混凝土柱的抗震性能. 主要分析了实验构件的破坏形态、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、延性系数和耗能能力,并探讨了体积配箍率对型钢混凝土柱抗震性能的影响,通过实验数据的拟合给出了型钢混凝土柱的延性与体积配箍率的关系式. 实验结果证实十字型钢混凝土柱构件具有良好的抗震性能,而且体积配箍率是影响型钢混凝土柱构件延性的一个重要因素,对构件的抗震性能的改善具有非常明显作用.     

碳纤维布约束螺旋箍筋短柱抗震试验及有限元分析

目的研究经碳纤维(CFRP)约束后现役短柱的强度、刚度和延性等抗震加固性能,为螺旋箍筋短柱加固提供有效方法.方法依据实际工程较低配箍率制作不同试件,依次进行拟静力试验和拟动力试验;基于Open Sees有限元软件进行数值分析,并进一步进行对比试验,分析试件的破坏现象、时程曲线、滞回曲线和骨架曲线.结果按照旧规范设计并服役的螺旋箍筋混凝土短柱,经过CFRP约束后其破坏模式从脆性破坏转变为延性破坏,骨架曲线后期平缓,短柱适当提高了抗剪承载力并有效地增加延性,能够满足现行抗震规范要求.结论弹性范围内CFRP加固方法基本不改变构件抗侧刚度,从而不会影响结构动力特性,相比其他加固方法具有显著优势.     

FRP筋纤维混凝土受弯构件试验研究

现有采用FRP的受弯构件中, FRP作为主要纵向受拉材料,用量通常较大。这造成FRP筋混凝土构件成本较高,同时还因构件刚度不够导致其变形而非承载力成为设计的控制因素。为了充分发挥FRP材料良好的抗拉性能,建立了FRP筋纤维混凝土受弯构件。通过结构试验的方法研究纤维混凝土对FRP筋混凝土受弯构件延性及变形能力的影响。试验结果表明,纤维的增加能够有效提高FRP筋受弯构件的变形能力,解决了过去FRP筋受弯构件延性差导致配筋率过高的问题。基于FRP筋与钢筋材料上的差异,针对FRP筋混凝土构件建立了相应的延性设计指标。采用该指标对纤维混凝土构件进行分析后发现,随着纤维含量的增加, FRP筋混凝土受弯构件的延性有着明显提高。     

预制装配式部分钢骨混凝土框架梁柱中节点抗震性能试验研究

预制装配式混凝土结构的节点连接方式是目前解决该技术推广的重点问题.提出了预制装配式部分钢骨混凝土框架结构的概念,即把钢筋混凝土框架结构分解成柱预制构件和梁预制构件两个部分,只在构件连接区和梁柱核心区设置钢骨,钢骨在混凝土构件中不连续,连接区为无筋钢骨混凝土.开展了3个预制装配式部分钢骨混凝土框架中节点试件的低周往复试验,并与两个相同工况的钢筋混凝土框架中节点试件进行了对比.对2种形式5个试件的破坏规律、滞回曲线、承载能力、刚度退化及延性进行了分析,发现预制装配式部分钢骨混凝土试件的承载力是相同配筋的钢筋混凝土试件的3倍,承载力及刚度退化缓慢,延性和耗能能力较好,说明装配式连接节点的设计可靠、抗震性能好,符合强节点、弱构件的抗震设计理念,可用于预制装配式混凝土框架结构的现场装配施工.     

塑性铰区设置橡胶层的RC柱抗震性能参数化分析

针对塑性铰区置入橡胶层的一种新型RC柱,利用有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立其精细化有限元模型,对其在水平往复荷载作用下的滞回性能进行数值模拟。通过与试验结果对比,验证数值模拟方法的有效性。基于验证后的有限元分析方法,进一步研究纵筋配筋率、纵筋屈服强度、混凝土强度、橡胶硬度及轴压比等参数对该新型RC柱抗震性能的影响规律。研究结果表明：塑性铰区置入橡胶层能够改善RC柱的抗震性能,提高其变形能力与延性,减轻损伤;纵筋配筋率、纵筋屈服强度及轴压比是影响构件抗震性能的关键参数,混凝土强度与橡胶硬度的影响较小。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.