基于反馈环全光纤干涉的一种新型光声检测方法

提出了一种光声检测的新方法,这种检测方法的拾音器部分主要采用了单模光纤,通过带有反馈环的全光纤干涉系统来放大光声信号.气体吸收腔则采用了在气体吸收红外指纹区具有较宽低损窗口的空芯光纤作为谐振光声池.基于光纤应变传感器的基本原理和弹光效应推导出光声换能公式,并搭建了整个实验系统进行测量,得到干涉信号的强度与声信号衰减趋势相同.根据实测结果进行了干涉信号强度与声信号强度的指数衰减曲线的拟合,得到了平均为0.98的较高的拟合度.比较了不同内径的空芯光纤光声池的实验结果,发现内径较大的光声池灵敏度更高.     

一种改进的粉末倍频技术的研究

提出一种改进的粉末倍频技术.采用光纤探测器探测粉末样品的倍频光和基频光,大大提高了测量结果的精度.光纤探测器能灵活地绕粉末样品旋转,可以方便地测量样品的倍频光强在周围空间的分布.应用这一测试方法对不同尺度范围的标准KIO3晶体粉末透射倍频光和反射倍频光的位相匹配特性进行了测量,结果表明,反射倍频光为非位相匹配,相干长度约58μm,而透射倍频光具有位相匹配特性.测量发现,KIO3晶体粉末颗粒尺寸在187.5～250μm时,其透射光也能实现较好的位相匹配.     

明胶胶凝过程的动态光散射研究

本文用动态光散射技术(DLS,又称为 PCS 或 QELS)和粘滞测量技术,研究了明胶从溶胶到凝胶相变过程中的弛豫性质.发现其动态光散射谱在初始的指数衰减之后是伸展指数衰减.在整个过程中,宽度参数β从1附近逐渐减小为胶凝点附近的1/3,其结果与最近这方面的理论研究相符.     

低温光声技术对超导体超导转变过程的检测

利用自制的低温光声光谱检测系统,对高温超导体YBCO在超导转变前后的光声光谱响应进行测定,得到样品随温度变化的光声强度曲线,并初步作出了解释。根据对已知超导样品的实验测量,进一步说明该低温光声光谱技术是高温超导机理研究的新方法。     

纳米β-SiC薄膜过剩载流子衰减特性分析

利用微波吸收技术对Si衬底上微晶及纳米β-SiC薄膜的过剩载流子瞬态行为进行了分析.所用样品采用PECVD技术制备,微波吸收测量采用脉宽35 ps,波长355 nm脉冲激光.所测得的载流子浓度衰减分为快、慢2个过程,微波吸收瞬态特性满足双指数衰减规律.该结果表明,样品光生载流子衰减过程主要决定于2种陷阱作用,其中快过程与SiC薄膜中浅能级陷阱的载流子弛豫效应相关,而慢过程则是深能级陷阱的载流子弛豫行为占优势的结果.纳米碳化硅晶粒界面较高的缺陷态密度导致载流子俘获几率增加,非辐射复合几率减小,纳米β-SiC薄膜表现较长的载流子衰减时间.     

光电探测器响应时间的测试

光电探测器是光电系统的核心组成部分,其性能直接影响着光电系统的性能.该文通过用探测器的脉冲响应特性测量响应时间,利用探测器的幅频特性确定其响应时间.该文分析了光电探测器的响应度不仅与信号光的波长有关,而且与信号光的调制频率有关,在提出测量探测器响应时间的方法的同时分析了误差的产生原因和解决办法.     

基于光锥结构的红外厚度传感器研究

提出一种基于光锥结构的红外厚度传感器,用于样品厚度的检测.给出输出功率与样品厚度、供电电流及供电频率的理论模型,采用生物地理学优化算法对参数进行多参量系统优化,找出最佳参量条件,与实验数据获得的最佳参量基本吻合.根据面型设计理论及高、低折射率交替镀膜技术制作顶角为20°、长45 mm、内表面反射率高达99％的光锥,实现了红外厚度检测中光线的聚集与准直,提高了光电探测器单位面积上接收的光能量,减少了在传统红外厚度检测中光学镜片结构复杂且成本高的不足.结果表明,实验结果与该模型边界条件基本吻合,通过高、低折射率交替镀膜技术实现了一次曲面光锥内表面反射率达99.45％,防止基底缓慢氧化引起的反射率衰减从而影响测量精度.     

石墨微晶粉末系统磁阻研究

用加压的方法制备了石墨微晶粉末样品,利用Quantum Design公司的Squid测量提供的磁场和低温,在温度为1.8 K～300 K和4.5 T的磁场范围内测量了样品的电阻,某些样品的电阻与温度关系符合涨落引起的隧穿导电机理,即满足R∞exp[T1/(T1+T2)],样品磁阻(MR)为正值.其它样品的曲线符合R∞1/Tα这一指数规律,其中α接近于数值1,提出声子激发的束缚态电子隧穿导电机制,其电输运特性取决于势垒有效宽度,含有负磁阻成分.研究表明样品的负磁阻是由于磁场中费米面附近电子能级的分裂,增强了声子激发的束缚态电子隧穿导电效应.     

用光声技术测量薄膜热扩散率的一种新方法

介绍了用光声技术结合调频锁相技术测量薄膜热扩散率的一种新方法，将锁相分析仪用作相关和矢量分析，测试样品在调频范围的光声信号的相位可快速而准确地测出，用计算机对相位数据进行处理即可得到样品的热扩散率，用几十微米厚的钛膜检验了此方法，实验结果表明此方法对测量薄膜热扩散率是非常有效的     

玻璃-芳纶混杂织物复合材料板声发射信号传播特性研究

由于对线性缺陷极为敏感,声发射在无损检测技术体系中占有重要地位,是实现从无损检测到无损监测技术转变的重要路径之一.随着材料科学的不断进步,复合材料在工程中的大规模应用给声发射检测带来了新的技术挑战.其中,复合材料各向异性所导致的声发射传播及衰减特性的方向性偏差是当前的研究热点之一.以玻璃-芳纶混杂织物复合材料板为研究对象,通过DS7-8B声发射仪采集"幅值控制型断铅试验"各测点信号,利用最小二乘法拟合得到了"指数衰减假设下"依方向变化的声发射衰减曲线和波速取值规律,并通过对比分析讨论了传播方向对衰减曲线及传播速度的整体影响.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.