考虑红利和退休的最优消费-投资和遗产问题

在股票支付红利的情况下,考虑投资者遗产并结合保险,研究3种不同的借贷约束下的消费与投资问题.首先,借助随机微分方程求解投资者最优消费和投资策略的显式表达式,其次,结合数值分析,说明3种约束情形下投资占总财富比率以及消费占总财富比率对于财富的变化趋势,最后,研究了股票是否支付红利对投资比率以及消费比率的影响.     

考虑红利支付和随机波动的确定缴费型养老金最优投资策略

为研究红利支付和随机波动情形下确定缴费型养老金的最优投资问题,假设:(1)金融市场有2种资产,即无风险资产(银行存款)和风险资产(股票),且养老金计划的基金投资在这2种资产上;(2)风险资产的方差服从Heston模型,且考虑了风险资产(股票)所得的红利收入。通过随机控制原理,在指数效用函数情形下获得DC型养老金最优投资的显式解,从而得出其最优投资策略为:红利率越大,相同的养老金财富水平在股票上的投资比例越大;在一定范围内,通胀波动率的增加使得投资者追加对股票的投资,但当通胀波动率较大时,投资者反而减少对股票的投资。     

消费篮子价格部分可观察下带通胀与红利支付的最优消费投资问题研究

考虑消费篮子价格部分可观察下通胀与红利支付对投资者最优消费投资的影响,利用HJB方程推导最优消费投资策略,给出由三基金组成的修正的互助基金定理.在不变相对风险厌恶(CRRA)效用的特殊情形下,得到最优消费投资策略的显式解.     

奈特不确定下考虑通胀和机制转换的最优消费投资研究

研究了在奈特不确定和通胀的情形下,股票的预期收益率服从Markov链的跨期消费和资产选择问题.假设具有递归多先验效用的投资者拥有一个不可观测的投资机会的先验集,再借助Malliavin导数和随机分析求解了投资者最优消费投资策略的显式表达式.通过数值模拟分析,我们发现不完备信息下的连续Bayes修正产生了能够削减跨期对冲需求的含糊对冲需求,且含糊厌恶和通胀波动率增大了最优投资组合策略中对冲需求的重要性,阐明了股票是否考虑通胀对投资比例及消费比例的影响.     

在部分信息下股票收益服从隐马尔科夫模型的最优交易策略

讨论了部分信息下股票支付红利的最优交易策略.考虑一个多种股票模型,股票价格过程满足随机微分方程,股票价格的瞬时收益率由有限状态连续时间的马尔科夫链刻画.在投资者终端财富预期效用最大化目标下,利用隐马尔科夫模型(HMM)滤波理论和Malliavin分析,导出最优交易策略的显式表达式.     

带有交易成本和红利的消费投资模型值函数性质的研究

利用HJB方程粘性解理论.考虑带有红利收益和交易成本后,对现有最优消费投资模型作了推广,研究了值函数的凸性,连续性和齐次等性质,并给出了值函数的上界,这些性质有助于进一步研究投资者在带有红利和交易成本情形下的最优消费投资策略.     

在机制转换金融市场中红利对最优消费投资影响分析

考虑了在不同机制下的金融市场中带有红利支付的消费投资问题,在连续的时间里,投资者选择的消费投资策略使期望效用最大化.市场系数和投资者的消费效用是依赖于金融市场机制的.利用马尔可夫过程和随机控制理论,就几个特殊的HARA效用函数情形获得了最优消费投资策略的显示解.并针对市场在两种机制中的转换进行经济分析.     

跳扩散环境下红利支付对不确定厌恶投资者最优投资组合选择的影响

面对例外事件的冲击,金融市场的股票价格会发生跳跃,当股票价格发生跳跃且支付红利时,不确定厌恶投资者的预期效用的刻画将会采用不同于传统的方法.利用跳扩散型随机微分方程理论和动态规划方法,建立了不确定厌恶投资者的最优投资策略所满足的Hamilton-JacobiBellman(HJB)方程.进一步,利用市场分解的技术求解HJB方程,从而推导出最优消费与投资策略.最后,利用数值分析定量地讨论了投资者风险厌恶因素对最优决策的影响.     

证券市场中最优投资组合及消费问题的一种直接方法

Merton提出的连续时间下投资组合及消费模型标志着连续时间投资组合理论的真正开始,通过把随机控制理论应用到最优投资组合问题中,得到了一些特殊情形下的显示解。讨论了在一类证券市场中可以投资于两种期望收益和风险均不相同的股票情形下的最优投资组合及消费的最优控制问题。首先给出了股票的价格模型,与投资组合及消费策略有关的资产过程满足的随机微分方程和值函数的定义。在影响股票价格的随机干扰源相互关联的情形下,利用伊藤规则,采取一种直接构造的方法,针对一类典型的效用函数"常数相对风险厌恶(CRRA)"情形,给出了最优投资组合及消费的显示解。     

Heston模型下考虑随机劳动收入的最优投资问题

基于Heston随机波动率模型研究投资者拥有一份随机劳动收入的最优投资问题。假设金融市场由一个风险资产（股票）和无风险资产（银行存款）构成,并考虑投资者拥有一份随机劳动收入,在指数效用函数下使其终端财富最大化;利用随机控制方法得到该问题的最优投资策略的解析表达式,通过数值模拟分析模型中的主要参数以及劳动收入对最优投资策略的影响。结果表明：随着投资者的劳动收入波动率增大,投资到风险资产的比例减小;在风险厌恶系数增大时,投资到风险资产的比例也减小;风险资产的投资比例对Heston模型中的参数变化非常敏感。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.