IR study on hydrogen bonding in epoxy resin–silica nanocomposites

The chemical and physical interactions between ingredients in composites play an important role in the improvement of service properties. The nucleophilic addition between polymer and isophoron diisocyanate molecules was monitored by FT-IR technique. The intensity loss of isocyanate absorption band in conjunction with the intensity growth of carboxyl absorption band indicates the progress of reaction. FT-IR spectroscopy was also adopted to examine the intermolecular hydrogen bonding of epoxy resin with silica as well as intramolecular one within polymer matrix. The vibration frequency of carboxyl group （-C=O） and hydroxyl group （-OH） shifts from 1736 to 1728 cm^-1and 3420 to 3414 cm^-1, respectively, indicating the occurrence of hydrogen bonding between -C=O and -OH. The vibration frequency of Si-OH moves from 3435 to 3414 cm^-1, suggesting the involvement of silica. Whereas the vibration frequency of pending -OH in polymer chain moves from 3435 to 3420 cm^-1 or 3414 cm^-1, proposing that this kind of interaction can also happen within polymer matrix.     

H convergence rates of solutions of GBBM equations in multi-dimensional spaces

In this paper, we study the decay rates of the generalized Benjamin–Bona–Mahony equations in n-dimensional space. By using Fourier analysis for long wave and by applying the energy method for short wave, we obtain the H^m convergence rates of the solutions when the initial data are in the bounded subset of the phase space H^m(Rⁿ)(n3). The optimal decay rates are obtained in our results and are found to be the same as the Heat equation.     

Effect of excessive Internet use on the time-frequency characteristic of EEG

We examined the effect of excessive Internet use on the time–frequency characteristic of the electroencephalogram by wavelet transformed and non-negative matrix factorization (NMF). The event-related potentials (ERP) of normal subjects and excessive Internet users were acquired using the oddball paradigm experiment. We applied the wavelet transformed and event-related spectral perturbation to ERP in order to extract the time–frequency values. The F-test statistics of time–frequency values were then decomposed into two components by NMF. Excessive Internet use resulted in a significant decrease in the P300 amplitudes (P < 0.05) and a significant increase in the P300 latency (P < 0.05) in all electrodes. The major effect of excessive Internet use on gamma oscillation occurred at 300 ms after stimuli at 40–50 Hz on the parietal central region. Thus, these data suggest that excessive Internet use affects information coding and integration in the brain.     

Colonization of periphytic ciliated protozoa on an artificial substrate in mariculture waters with notes on responses to environmental factors

Colonization of periphytic ciliates and their usefulness for monitoring water quality were evaluated using the glass slide method in two enclosed mariculture ponds used to culture crab larva and in a natural seawater reservoir. The results revealed that (1) the ciliate species composition and colonizing process differed between the culturing ponds and the natural reservoir and (2) the dominant ciliate species showed a greater distribution in terms of both the abundance and the occurrence frequency. This study also demonstrated that structural parameters were strongly related to water conditions. For example, the abundance was positively associated with and soluble reactive phosphate (P < 0.05), whereas the species number, species diversity and evenness were negatively correlated with nutrients (e.g. and NH₃–N) and temperature (P < 0.05). These findings support the evidence that periphytic ciliates are useful bioindicators of water quality in enclosed mariculture ecosystems.     

Compressibility of a natural kyanite to 17.5 GPa

The compressional behaviour of a natural kyanite, (Al_1.99Fe_0.01)SiO₅, has been investigated to about 17.5 GPa at 300 K using a diamond-anvil cell and synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The pressure–volume data fitted to the third-order Birch–Murnaghan equation of state (EoS) yield an isothermal bulk modulus (K_0T) of 192 ± 6 GPa and pressure derivative () of 6 ± 1. When is fixed as 4, the derived K_0T is 201 ± 2 GPa. These values are in excellent agreement with most experimental determinations in the literature. Consequently, it can be concluded that the compressibility of kyanite under high pressures has been accurately constrained.     

低预应力钢带箍加固钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能研究

对3根采用低预应力钢带箍约束加固的钢筋混凝土柱及2根对比柱进行拟静力试验,研究较高轴压比下加固柱的抗震性能.试验主要参数为轴压比和钢带箍的布置,通过试验研究了约束柱和对比柱的承载力、滞回特性和延性等重要抗震性能指标.试验结果表明,横向低预应力钢带箍能够有效抑制较高轴压比下约束柱斜向裂缝的发展,扩大塑性铰的范围,提高柱的变形能力,使得约束柱抗震性能得到较大程度提高.     

基于MIDAS Gen的多层钢筋混凝土框架结构倒塌数值模拟分析

汶川地震中大量钢筋混凝土(reinforced concrete, RC)框架结构破坏严重,极震区其倒塌率却远超过多层砖混结构。2022年9月以来,四川频发地震,为重新探讨倒塌机理及抗震性能,本文研究通过实地震害及多层RC框架结构破坏形式,结合数值模型并应用MIDAS Gen有限元计算方法,研究了RC框架结构的倒塌机理、地震响应分析。结果表明：框架柱的破坏与屈服是RC框架倒塌的主要因素,模拟增设填充墙,当地震烈度达到10度时,层间位移角大约1/46,降低柱的轴压比,提高柱的破坏延性,增大结构的极限抗侧能力,起到抗震第一道防线的作用,避免整体屈服破坏。     

基于性能的RC框架结构现浇板式楼梯抗震性能评估

根据已有楼梯抗震试验结果,给出梯段板抗震性能水平及其量化指标;建立框架结构层间位移角与梯段板抗震性能指标之间的关系,并进行楼梯抗震性能宏观评价;基于梯段板、梯柱、与休息平台直接相连的框架柱等楼梯构件,给出既有RC框架结构板式楼梯抗震性能评估的具体方法和步骤.     

Prediction of Flexural Deformation of Reinforcement Concrete Beams with Polynomial Tension Stiffening Model

Based on an assumption of parabolic bond stress distribution,a simplified model with quartic polynomial function of the relative slip of steel bar and surrounding concrete for reinforced concrete (RC)tensile member was proposed. The post-cracking behavior as well as tension stiffening effect was considered in the new model. The relative slip of bending member could also be determined through the extension of the new model,which could be applied to obtaining the concentrated rotations at certain sections in order to predict the flexural deformation of RC beam. Several examples of four-point bending RC beams were approached to verify the new model,and the predictions of the flexural deflections of RC beams agreed well with experimental results. The new model can be extended to the application of partially corroded RC beam.     

Seismic performance evaluation for super-long span cable-stayed bridges

Based on the capacity/demand （C/D） analysis of bridge components, and life cycle and performance based seismic design principles, a practical approach is developed for the seismic performance evaluation of super-long span cable-stayed bridges. According to the approach, the seismic performance evaluation of the Sutong Bridge, which is a cable-stayed bridge with a main span of 1 088 m, is completed, and the practicality of the approach is validated. The earthquake resistance level for super-long span cable-stayed bridges is discussed, including the earthquake level, its corresponding structural performance and check indices. And a set of formula for capacity/demand ratio calculation of bridge components is proposed.     

Subsurface macro-inclusions and solidified hook character in aluminum-killed deep-drawing steel slabs

Subsurface macro-inclusions and hooks are detrimental to the surface quality of deep-drawing steel sheets. However, little is known about the relationship between macro-inclusions and hooks. Thus, in this work, two ultralow carbon (ULC) steel slabs and two low carbon (LC) aluminum-killed steel slabs were sampled to study the relationship between hooks and subsurface macro-inclusions, which were detected on the cross-sections of steel samples with an area of 56058 mm2 using an automated scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy system. Results show that subsurface inclusions larger than 200 μm were almost entrapped by hook structures, whereas the location of other inclusions smaller than 200 μm had no obvious dependence on the location of solidified hooks. Furthermore, the number density (ND) of subsurface inclusions larger than 200 μm decreased from 0.02 to 0 cm-2 in ULC steel as the mean hook depth decreased from 1.57 to 1.01 mm. Similar trends were also observed in LC steel. In addition, the detected inclusions larger than 200 μm were concentrated in the region near the slab center (3/8 width-5/8 width), where hook depths were also larger than those at any other locations. Therefore, minimizing the hook depth is an effective way to reduce inclusion-induced sliver defects in deep-drawing steels.     

预应力CFRP加固混凝土柱抗震性能的数值分析

采用预应力CFRP片材加固钢筋混凝土柱,可以提高柱的抗震性能.本文采用有限元分析软件ANSYS,对预应力CFRP片材加固钢筋混凝土柱的低周反复荷载试验过程进行了数值模拟分析,提出了分析同类问题的有限元算法,研究了预应力大小对预应力FRP片材加固钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能的影响,分析了预应力FRP片材加固钢筋混凝土柱的破坏机理.分析结果表明:随着FRP片材预应力度的增加,被加固柱的滞回曲线趋于饱满,滞回环的外包面积增大,延性增加,其耗能能力和抗震性能显著提高.     

钢筋混凝土异形截面框架柱轴压比限值的研究

迄今为止,尚未见到国内外对于高抗震等级时异形柱的轴压比限值的研究报道,而且国家相关规范修订后,二、三级抗震等级时异形柱的轴压比限值需要相应修改,因此有必要系统地研究各抗震等级时钢筋混凝土异形柱的轴压比限值．理论分析表明：为使一、二、三、四级抗震等级时异形柱框架结构具有适当的位移延性水平,柱的曲率延性比应分别达到12、10、8和6：以此为标准,通过对异形柱曲率延性全过程非线性分析,从而确定各抗震等级时异形柱的轴压比限值及对箍筋间距与纵筋直径比s／d、箍筋直径d的相应要求．     

基于纤维梁柱单元的钢筋混凝土柱往复荷载作用下破坏过程分析

为高效准确地模拟往复荷载作用下钢筋混凝土构件的破坏过程,基于结构精细化模拟分析平台(RSAPS)中的纤维梁柱单元模型,建立一种考虑损伤破坏的钢筋本构模型,并构建了材料破坏准则,从而建立了钢筋混凝土构件受力破坏的分析方法。应用RSAPS平台对钢筋混凝土柱往复加载试验进行模拟,结果表明考虑钢筋损伤破坏的模型可以很好地模拟构件的刚度和承载力退化过程,模拟结果与试验结果更为吻合;进一步对往复荷载作用下钢筋混凝土柱的破坏过程进行模拟分析,结果表明考虑钢筋损伤破坏的模型能够准确地模拟由于局部材料失效破坏导致的钢筋混凝土构件承载力退化、耗能能力降低等非线性行为,可以较好地描述往复荷载作用下钢筋混凝土构件的破坏过程,可用于地震作用下建筑和桥梁结构倒塌过程分析。     

反复水平荷载作用下偏心常轴压箱形钢柱抗震性能试验研究

通过4组16根箱形钢柱在偏心常轴压、柱顶反复水平荷载作用下的拟静力试验,研究轴压比、腹板宽厚比、柱顶弯矩等因素对箱形柱滞回性能的影响.试验表明,当柱顶轴力在腹板平面外的偏心小于b/8(b为翼缘板宽度)时,试件壁板屈曲变形为一个半波,腹板外凸,翼缘板内凹,变形基本对称.试件的塑性变形主要集中在柱根部区域,最大塑性变形一般出现在距固定端0.4～0.5h(h为腹板宽度)处.腹板宽厚比是影响构件抗震性能的主要因素,宽厚比越大,滞回曲线越不饱满,骨架曲线下降越陡,承载力及刚度退化越严重;轴压比的影响次之;柱顶弯矩的影响较小.根据试验结果,提出构件适用于四类抗震等级的定量判定标准及大跨度钢结构中箱形钢柱腹板宽厚比的设计建议.     

预应力钢绞线钢筋混凝土框架柱抗震加固设计

框架结构中框架柱是主要承重构件之一,框架柱自身性能对框架整体的抗震性能有着重要影响。研究表明,预应力钢绞线加固RC柱能够抑制早期RC柱显著提高柱的正、斜截面承载力,抗震方面也能够有效地提高柱的延性以及耗能能力。目前研究中乏有预应力钢绞线的加固设计研究,因此限制了该项技术在实际工程中的使用。本文对课题组相关研究成果及各其他相关研究成果和设计规范,从该项技术加固RC框架柱正、斜截面承载力出发,研究了其框架柱抗震加固设计和控制其最终破坏形态的方法。     

HRB600E高强钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能及恢复力特性

为研究HRB600E高强钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能,对6根配置HRB600E高强钢筋与1根配置HRB400E普通钢筋的正方形截面混凝土柱进行低周往复荷载试验.研究轴压比、箍筋间距、纵筋强度和纵筋配筋率对高强钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能的影响,建立HRB600E高强钢筋混凝土柱恢复力模型.研究结果表明：配置HRB600E高强钢筋混凝土柱的滞回性能、变形能力与耗能能力良好;轴压比增大,试件延性降低,承载力与耗能能力提升;减小箍筋间距,试件变形能力与耗能能力增强;增大纵筋配筋率,试件承载力提升,耗能能力与延性降低;建立的HRB600E高强钢筋混凝土柱三线型恢复力模型与试验结果吻合较好,为工程结构弹塑性分析提供参考.     

偶数阶非线性中立型阻尼微分方程的振动性与渐近性

 考虑以下偶数阶非线性中立型阻尼微分方程的振动性与渐近性:[x(t)+ (t)x(τ_i(t))]⁽ⁿ⁾+b(t)[x(t)+ (t)x(τ_i(t))]^(n-1)+q(t)f(x(σ(t)))=0,t≥t0,获得了该类方程所有解振动的2个准则,推广了现有文献的一些结果.此外,还获得了关于该类方程每一个有界解的振动性与渐近性的2个充分条件.     

考虑变形影响的钢筋混凝土圆柱受剪承载力计算模型

准确计算钢筋混凝土(RC)圆柱的受剪承载力是进行延性抗震设计的关键,可有效防止脆性剪切和弯剪破坏模式发生。基于已有的RC圆柱拟静力试验结果,分析了RC圆柱的地震破坏模式和受剪承载力确定方法,在理论分析的基础上提出了考虑变形(位移延性)影响的RC圆柱受剪承载力计算模型,并与现有模型进行了比较。研究结果表明,地震作用下RC圆柱的受剪承载力随塑性铰区变形的增加而减小;弯剪破坏模式下,RC圆柱的受剪承载力取决于塑性铰区剪切破坏发生时对应的水平荷载而非骨架曲线上的峰值荷载;所提出的模型能有效反映变形对RC圆柱受剪承载力的影响,计算结果与试验数据吻合较好,可用于不同地震破坏模式RC圆柱受剪承载力计算。     

改性纤维编织网增强混凝土加固钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能

为研究掺入聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维的纤维编织网增强混凝土(TRC)对加固钢筋混凝土(RC)柱抗震性能的影响,共制作了7根钢筋混凝土柱.其中,1根为对比柱,4根方形柱,1根圆柱,1根矩形柱.除对比柱外,其余6根钢筋混凝土柱均采用TRC加固.通过对7根试件进行低周往复加载试验,分析了不同PVA纤维掺量和截面形式下各试件的抗震性能指标.结果表明:TRC能够有效约束RC柱核心混凝土,掺入一定体积掺量的PVA纤维后,TRC的限裂效果进一步增强,提高了加固柱的开裂荷载和峰值荷载;PVA纤维体积掺量在0.5%以内时,加固柱的延性得到改善,刚度退化速率减慢,耗能能力增强,但随着体积掺量继续增大,延性和耗能能力均有所降低,刚度退化速率增大;TRC加固圆柱的承载能力较低,但延性、刚度退化以及耗能能力均优于其他两种截面形式的TRC加固柱.PVA纤维体积掺量在0.5%以内较为合理,且TRC加固后圆柱的抗震性能更好.