α(β)-四取代苯氧基酞菁的合成、表征和光谱性质

以3-硝基邻苯二腈和4-硝基邻苯二腈为原料分别合成了α(β)-四苯氧基酞菁锌,通过红外光谱和紫外可见光谱表征了其结构,并讨论了取代基的位置对酞菁紫外可见光谱和荧光光谱的影响.     

烷氧基取代金属酞菁的合成及其光谱特性研究

合成了一种烷氧基取代的 3-硝基邻苯二腈 ,分别用红外和核磁谱图表征。用这种烷氧基取代的 3-硝基邻苯二腈合成了金属中心酞菁 ,并与咪唑进行了轴向配位 ,通过紫外吸收谱图比较 ,最大吸收波长发生明显的红移 ,同时酞菁的溶解性也相应的得到提高     

取代基酞菁铜的合成与表征

首先以3,6-二羟基邻苯二甲腈和氯代正丁烷为起始反应物,在无水碳酸钾的催化作用下,经亲核取代反应,在DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)溶剂中合成了中间配体3,6-二丁氧基邻苯二腈,再以此配体和氯化亚铜为前体,采用DBU液相催化法合成了周边烷氧基取代的1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-八丁氧基酞菁铜,经过元素分析、红外、荧光、紫外可见光谱和原子吸收表征证明,产物就是目标化合物取代基酞菁铜。     

新型四取代酞菁及金属酞菁的合成与表征

以4-硝基邻苯二腈（1）、3-硝基邻苯二腈（4）和2-异丙基-5-甲基苯酚（2）为起始化合物,在氢氧化锂的作用下,经亲核取代反应生成了相应的邻苯二腈衍生物（3）和（5）.以化合物（3）和（5）为前体,在催化剂1,8-二氮杂二环[5,4,0]十一碳-7-烯（DBU）的作用下发生环合四聚反应,得到了具有优良溶解性的四取代酞菁,铟氯酞菁和钛氧酞菁6a-6c,7a-7c.并分别用氢核磁、质谱、紫外可见光谱和元素分析确认了这些化合物的结构.     

四萘氧基镉酞菁的合成及电子光谱

以4-硝基邻苯二腈、氯化镉、尿素及钼酸铵为原料,采用熔融法,经过4-萘氧基邻苯二腈合成了四萘氧基镉酞菁化合物,用元素分析、IR、UV、MS对其进行了表征.并研究了该化合物在DMSO和DMF等溶剂中的电子吸收光谱及荧光光谱.     

酞菁键合硅胶的制备及其用于HPLC分析邻苯二腈衍生物

制备和表征了两种酞菁键合硅胶固定相,三-α-(丁氧基)-β-(磺酰胺基)酞菁铜键合硅胶和三-α-(喹啉氧基)-β-(磺酰胺基)酞菁铜键合硅胶.研究了以这两种酞菁键合硅胶作为固定相的色谱柱对邻苯二腈衍生物的分离能力.实验结果表明,酞菁键合硅胶色谱柱对邻苯二腈衍生物的分离能力好于C18柱,有望作为专用色谱柱填料用于分离带有取代基的芳香族化合物.     

离子液体[bmim]BF_4作溶剂合成金属酞菁

用邻苯二腈和FeCl3、ZnCl2·6H2O为原料,以离子液体[bmim]BF4为溶剂合成铁酞菁PcFe和锌酞菁PcZn;用红外及紫外光谱对其进行表征;相比液相法合成酞菁,可避免溶剂有毒、易挥发等缺点,离子液体可重复利用且活性不降低.     

两类四氨基酞菁的合成及其性质研究

分别由4-硝基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、3-硝基邻苯二甲酸酐和金属盐、尿素、钼酸铵在熔融状态下合成2,9,16,23-四-硝基金属酞菁、1,8,15,22-四-硝基金属酞菁,还原得到两类四氨基金属酞菁.用红外光谱、紫外-可见光谱对目标化合物进行了表征,并对金属酞菁的电导率进行了测定.结果表明:在紫外吸收光谱中,Co,Cu,Ni和Zn 4种金属对氨基取代酞菁化合物最大吸收波长的影响顺序大致相同.8种酞菁化合物的电导率随着温度的升高均有不同程度的增大.对于金属Co,Cu和Ni取代的酞菁化合物来说,1,8,15,22-四-氨基取代酞菁化合物均比2,9,16,23-四-氨基取代酞菁化合物的电导率大,而Zn则相反.     

11,8(11),15(18),22(25)-四苯氧基金属酞菁的合成与表征

以3-硝基邻苯二腈为前体制备了四苯氧基取代的金属酞菁6～9,对合成化合物进行了质谱、氢核磁、元素分析、红外及紫外可见光谱表征,表征结果证明了它们的分子结构.这些酞菁在有机溶剂中具有很好的溶解性.由于酞菁外围的苯氧基取代基能在一定程度上减弱酞菁的聚合效应,它们不易聚合.产物7和9在极性较小的溶剂(如C6H6和CHCl3)中的紫外吸收光谱与其在极性较大的溶剂(如THF和DMF)中的紫外吸收光谱相比,在740 nm左右多了一个额外的吸收峰,这种现象是不多见的.     

二环己基二苯并—19—冠—6合成及催化性能

本文叙述了一种冠醚化合物二环己基二苯并－１８－冠－６的合成，研究它在亲核取代反应中的催化知性。由３，４－二羟基环己基苯与βββ＇－二氯乙醚直接关环合成二环己基二苯并－１８－冠－６，将这种冠醚化合物作为催化剂，对ｎ－Ｃ８Ｈ１７Ｂｒ与ＫＩ及（Ｃ６Ｈ５ＯＨ＋ＫＯ）的亲核取代反应进行了相转移催化试验。结果表明，在ｎ－Ｃ８Ｈ１７Ｂｒ及（Ｃ６Ｈ５ＯＨ＋ＫＯＨ）的亲核取代反应，吐环己基二苯并－１８－冠－６的催化     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-