原子簇Ni4-mComB(m=0-3)的结构和性质DFT研究

根据非晶态合金的结构特点,选择系列原子簇模型Ni4-mComB(m=0-3)对Ni_Co_B非晶态合金用DFT方法进行高水平的量子化学计算,结果表明,在Ni_Co_B非晶态合金中,Co_B键强于Ni_B键,Co原子的引入及Co含量的变化对镍原子的电子结构有调变作用.     

Co-Fe-B非晶态合金成键及电子性质的DFT研究

利用密度泛函理论(DFT),通过团簇Co2FeB2,CoFe2B2的优化和计算,研究Co-Fe-B非晶态合金成键及电子性质.结果表明:团簇Co2FeB2(富Co)中主要的电子流向为B→Co,B→Fe,而团簇CoFe2B2(富Fe)电子流向多样化,这导致富Co合金中键级比例分布不均匀,而富Fe合金中键级比例相对均匀;另外,金属与B原子成键对合金稳定性的贡献最大,而两种团簇的M(max)-B与Co-Fe键协同作用相反:富Co团簇中Co-B与Co-Fe成键强度同增同长,而富Fe团簇中Fe-B与Co-Fe成键强度相互抑制.以上结论在一定程度上解释了富Co合金热稳定性差的现象.另外,B原子使富Fe团簇空间结构、成键以及电子流动方向更加复杂,使合金非晶态化增加.Co-Fe-B非晶态合金中存在B原子之间近距离接触,希望此结论不久后得到实验验证.     

原子簇Ni1-mComB2和Ni2-nConB2结构的理论研究

根据非晶态结构的短程有序,Ni,Co和B之间是较强的化学作用以及存在B-B直接相连的实验事实,利用原子簇模型Ni1-mComB2(m=0,1)和Ni2-nConB2(n=0,1,2)对Ni-B,Co-B,Ni-Co-B非晶态合金用DFT方法进行高水平的量子化学计算.结果表明,模型体系Ni1-mComB2和Ni2-nConB2中,B原子供给Ni原子、Co原子电子,这与非晶态合金的实验结果一致.     

原子簇Ni1-mComB2和Ni2-nConB2结构的理论研究

根据非晶态结构的短程有序,Ni,Co和B之间是较强的化学作用以及存在B-B直接相连的实验事实,利用原子簇模型Ni1-mComB2(m=0,1)和Ni2-nConB2(n=0,1,2)对Ni-B,Co-B,Ni-Co-B非晶态合金用DFT方法进行高水平的量子化学计算.结果表明,模型体系Ni1-mComB2和Ni2-nConB2中,B原子供给Ni原子、Co原子电子,这与非晶态合金的实验结果一致.     

非晶态合金(Fe_(100-x)M_x)_(83)B_(17)和Zr_(100-x)M_x的杨氏模量

用超声波脉冲透射技术获得了三元非晶态合金(Fe_(100-x)M_x)_(83)B_(17)和二元非晶态合金Zr_(100-x)M_x的声速,并确定了它们的杨氏模量。对于前者合金元素M指Cr,Mo,W,Zr和Co;对于后者指Fe,Ni和Co。文中讨论了声速与组分的原子百分数含量x之间的关系,并讨论了近程有序,合金元素密度以及不同尺寸原子之间的随机堆砌引起的致密化等对声速的影响。     

Co对Nd-Fe基非晶合金玻璃形成能力及磁性能的影响

为研究Co元素的添加对Nd-Fe基非晶玻璃形成能力及磁性能的影响,利用铜模冷却法成功制备直径为5mm的棒状Nd60FexCo30-xAl10(原子百分比)大块非晶态合金,X射线衍射(XRD)检验,当Co含量为25%时,Nd60Fe5Co25Al10合金为完全非晶态,其余成分均有不同程度的晶化.对样品进行差示扫描量热分析(DSC)考查样品的热稳定性,结果显示:Co含量减少,晶化发生的温度有所降低.最后利用VSM磁性能测量设备,对上述成分的非晶合金进行磁性能测试,结果显示:相对于矫顽力而言,剩磁随Co含量的变化呈现出近似线性关系,随着Co含量的增加不断下降.     

Co助剂对Ni-B非晶态催化剂微观结构和加氢性能的影响

通过化学还原法制备了一系列Ni-B非晶态合金催化剂,研究了n(KBH4)/n(Ni)和Co含量对Ni-B非晶态合金催化剂微观结构及其催化二硝基甲苯(DNT)合成甲苯二胺(TDA)性能的影响。通过XRD和H2-TPD技术对催化剂微观结构表征表明,随着n(KBH4)/n(Ni)的增大,NiB2含量增多,催化剂的加氢性能先增大后减小;当n(KBH4)/n(Ni)=4时,Ni-B非晶态合金的催化加氢性能最优。Co助剂的引入增大了Ni-B非晶态合金的无序程度,降低了Ni活性中心对H2的吸附强度,使得H2物种更容易在催化剂表面流动并参加反应,进一步增大了Ni-B催化DNT加氢合成TDA的活性和选择性。当Co的摩尔分数为6%时,Ni-Co-B非晶态合金催化剂的性能最优,DNT转化率为96.8%,TDA的选择性达100%。     

非晶态合金形成过程尺寸效应、合金化效应的模拟

用quantum Sutton-Chen 多体势对Ag₆Cu₄和CuNi液态金属凝固过程进行了分子动力学模拟研究, 在冷却速率为2×10¹² K/s时, 通过键型分析, 证实CuNi形成fcc晶体结构, 而Ag₆Cu₄则形成了非晶态结构. 其原因在于AgCu中原子半径之比(为1.130)较CuNi中原子半径之比(为1.025)大, 显示出原子的尺寸差别的确是非晶态合金形成的一个主要影响因素. 而对Ag_xCu_1-x在冷却速率为2×10¹² K/s凝固过程的模拟, 发现对应于二元相图深共晶成分处, 最容易得到非晶态合金, 证实了合金化效应对非晶态合金的形成倾向和稳定性的关键作用. 此外,采用键型指数法和原子成团类型指数法对微观结构组态变化的分析, 不仅能说明二十面体结构在非晶态合金形成和稳定性中所起的关键作用, 且有助于对液态金属的凝固过程、非晶态结构特征的进一步理解.     

铁磁金属合金中的内磁场和磁矩

本文研究了若干晶态和非晶态铁磁金属合金中Fe原子的内磁场和磁矩,认为这些合金中存在两种不同的机制。类金属原子的键合效应和过渡金属原子的电子转移效应,它们导致Fe原子内磁场和磁矩明显降低。所得结果表明,虽然铁磁金属合金中Fe原子的内磁场和磁矩具有同样的变化趋势,但在一般情况下,两者之间不一定存在某种简单的正比关系或线性关系。     

Co基非晶的形成和晶化

非晶态合金是一类介于晶态和无定型物质之间的特殊材料,在结构上表现为短程有序而长程无序。非晶态合金是新型功能材料研究的热点之一。采用从熔体直接快淬的方法可以生产出一系列非晶态金属材料。由于非晶合金在微观结构上呈现高度无序的玻璃态,因此具有许多不同于普通金属的性能。本文主要研究了Co基非晶态合金的形成和晶化。通过改变甩带速率,考察了冷却速率与非晶形成的关系。对淬态的Co69Fe4.5 Cu1.5Si10B15合金进行了不同温度的真空热处理,并对样品结构进行了分析,得出随退火温度的升高晶粒逐渐长大的结论。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.