数据流连续查询处理技术的研究

数据流查询处理技术的研究是目前数据库研究领域的热点问题.传统的数据库技术不能处理诸如网络监测、传感器网络、股票分析等应用中所生成的新型数据,即数据流.数据流作为一种新的数据形态,不同于传统的静态数据,具有连续快速、短暂易逝、规模宏大和不可预测的特点;其研究核心是在一个远小于数据规模的有限存储空间迅速获得近似查询结果.综述关于数据流查询处理技术的研究成果,主要介绍数据流模型、查询的特征、数据流近似查询操作算法的实现以及数据流系统中的查询处理方法.     

一种基于混沌理论的数据流连续聚集查询预测算法

为了有效地预测聚集查询的未来聚集值,提出了一种基于混沌理论的数据流连续聚集查询预测未来聚集值算法——CSPA算法.数据流看作是以数据到达时间为序的一个时间序列,借鉴传统时间序列分析技术探讨了连续聚集查询的未来聚集值预测问题,但由于数据流序列与传统时间序列在时间间隔和数据集的处理上存在很大差别,于是采用流滑动窗口技术加以处理.其次,针对目前数据流聚集查询预测领域已有的一些研究结果都未考虑流数据内在的复杂非线性动力学特征对预测的影响问题,该算法又利用了混沌理论中的局域预测思想解决了这一不足.实验结果表明,利用该算法进行预测具有很好的准确性.     

一种数据流上基于截止期的多查询过载预测模型

为保证数据流上查询处理的实时性要求,定义了截止期作为连续查询的实时性约束,提出了一种数据流上基于截止期的多查询过载预测模型.模型预测的过载点给出了能够保证数据流系统内所有查询满足各自截止期的临界情况.在多查询环境下,通过找到某一查询作为截止期瓶颈,使得该查询处理结束后剩余查询的处理能力正好大于系统的输入流速,从而计算出过载点.仿真实验结果证明,该模型预测出的过载点能够保证所有查询满足各自的截止期,并且预测算法具有良好的准确性和计算复杂性.     

支持非等值连接的分布式数据流处理系统

实时处理的分布式数据流系统在当今大数据时代扮演着越来越重要的角色.其中,连接查询是大数据分析处理中最为重要且开销较大的操作之一.然而,由于现实应用产生的数据普遍存在倾斜分布现象,加之数据流本身的无界性与不可预知性,给在分布式数据流系统上进行连接查询处理提出了严峻的挑战.目前工业界较为主流的数据流系统处理连接查询的通用性较低,没有提供专门针对连接操作的接口;学术界推出的数据流连接查询原型系统虽然提供了接口,但大多面向等值连接,或仅能支持部分theta连接,且存在资源开销大、负载均衡性能低等问题.本文对比分析三种典型数据流系统,将基于Join-Matrix的连接处理技术与Storm系统相结合,设计并实现了通用的、可支持任意连接查询的数据流处理系统.实验展示了本文设计的系统具有更加良好的吞吐量与资源优化表现.     

基于混合处理模型的乱序数据流分布式聚合查询处理技术

为了解决现有的乱序数据流聚合查询处理技术不能在降低查询处理延迟,同时保障聚合查询结果的最终正确性的局限性问题,本研究设计了混合嵌入分布式流处理模块和分布式批处理模块的乱序数据流分布式聚合查询处理技术。该技术一方面基于用户给定的结果质量,限制自适应地优化流处理模块所用的缓冲区大小,从而尽可能降低流处理的查询处理延迟;另一方面基于备份于分布式数据存储系统的历史流数据,并以批处理的方式实现对极其晚到流元组的查询处理,从而保障聚合查询结果的最终正确性。基于真实的乱序数据流数据集对该技术进行测试分析表明:该技术在平均查询处理时延、查询结果精度和系统可扩展性方面,比目前最好的基于缓存的乱序数据流处理技术均具有显著优势。     

数据流系统中的查询处理机制

近年来,一种数据密集型的应用得到了广泛的关注。在这种应用中,数据不再来自于存储在永久介质上的数据库,而是以大量的、连续的、快速的、随时间变化的、无边界的数据流的形式到达。本文论述了当前数据流的产生背景、研究现状并且针对数据流应用中的种种特征,对数据流中的查询处理机制进行了深入讨论,包括查询分类、查询的特点及数据流系统中查询的处理方法。     

复合滑动窗口连接算法

滑动窗口是对数据流进行连续查询处理、得出近似查询结果的一种常用的数据采样技术．连续查询处理的执行方式有2类：一类是立即执行方式；一类是周期执行方式、在已有的研究工作中，基于滑动窗口的连接算法都是适用于立即执行的连续查询．提出了适用于周期执行的连续查询的复合滑动窗口连接算法，即CSWSNLJ算法和CSWSNHJ算法．理论分析和试验结果表明CSWSNHJ算法具有较好的性能．     

移动环境中的位置依赖连续轮廓查询

针对移动环境中查询点快速移动时连续、高效输出给定搜索区域数据轮廓的问题,提出一种位置依赖连续轮廓查询算法(LDCS).该算法结合数据流技术,首先使用R树快速更新查询数据,然后利用两次连续计算时搜索区域的重叠性构造被动数据流,并对新增和失效数据分别进行处理,从而连续输出轮廓.由于充分利用了已有结果,LDCS的计算量较传统算法有大幅下降.实验结果表明,LDCS特别适合计算频度要求较高的场合,与基于网格索引的算法相比,时间效率随着数据集规模的增大显著提升.     

一种社交网络环境下并行短文本查询算法

随着移动社交网络的迅速发展,如何从海量带有时间属性和地理位置属性的短文本信息中快速查询到有效信息具有重要意义.社交网络环境下传统短文本查询算法忽略时间维度,并且在海量数据下无法满足用户快速响应的需求.针对以上问题,提出一种社交网络环境下并行短文本查询算法.提出的算法设计了基于MapReduce模型下的查询框架,该框架使用了基于滑动窗口下的多版本时空索引(MVSTR-tree),保证了查询过程中融合了时间和空间属性,实现了对海量数据高效查询的目标.最后,通过真实数据集的实验证明该算法能有效缩短查询时间.     

共享连接结果的连续查询处理

深入研究了适合数据流连续查询处理的Shared PushDown,PullUp和Filtered PullUp三种可共享连接结果的策略.通过理论分析和实验证明,在数据流的连续查询处理中,PullUp策略性能较低,而Filtered PullUp和Shared PushDown策略各占优势.Filtered PullUp处理简单,消耗内存相对较少.而Shared PushDown增加内存使用,但在注册查询的选择因子覆盖较少时有一定优势.考虑到处理的方便,一般情况下Filtered PullUp是适合数据流连续查询处理的最佳方案.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.