填土路堤下复合地基性状研究

利用弹性、Duncan—Chang非弹性两种本构模型，将平面问题有限元法用于填土路堤下复合地基性状的研究，对复合地基中的桩土刚度比、置换率、桩长以及路堤刚度等对地基沉降、侧移及桩土应力分配的计算结果进行比较。从而为填土路堤下复合地基的设计提供参考依据。     

路堤沉降计算方法的适应性研究

根据不同参数下的分层总和法和非线性有限元法,借且沪宁高速公路昆山试验路段路基土的性状,计算了天然软土地基上路堤的沉降量,从而分析了不同参数睛的分层总和法对路堤填土荷载的适应性。     

水泥土搅拌桩复合地基桩土应力比的解析算法

为了分析路堤荷载作用下水泥土桩复合地基桩土应力比问题,提出改进的单元体位移模型。通过假设路堤填土的竖向位移模式和土工格栅的变形方程,分别推导路堤填土的竖向应力以及土工格栅作用于桩顶的拉应力;根据桩顶处竖向受力平衡,求得桩顶应力;通过假定地基土满足Winkler地基模型,求得桩间土应力,从而得到桩、土应力比的计算公式。通过与实测工程结果比较,证实了该公式的合理性,这对路堤下复合地基设计具有一定的参考价值。     

刚性桩复合地基桩土应力比计算方法

为了准确简便地预测路堤在荷载下发生的沉降变形,必须对桩基复合地基的桩土应力比进行合理正确的评价计算.针对高速公路地基处理中采用刚性桩复合地基的情况,假设路堤土中基底相对位移下土柱间滑移面剪应力垂直分布,考虑桩顶上刺入路堤、桩端下刺入下卧层以及桩侧负、正摩阻力非线性分布,分析了路堤-桩-地基土整体在应力与位移协调下的相互作用.通过迭代计算求得路堤内等沉面高度与加固区中性点位置,得到戴帽刚性桩复合地基在路堤荷载下的简单桩土应力比计算公式.通过2个工程实例实测数据对提出的计算方法进行了合理性验证,分析结果表明该方法对于填土路堤高度大于2倍桩净间距的工况计算结果具有较高的精度.     

柔性基础下刚性桩复合地基的力学性状研究

通过有限元的方法对路堤荷载作用下刚性桩复合地基的力学性状进行了研究,主要考虑了路堤的高度、宽度以及压缩模量,以及桩体的压缩模量与复合地基置换率等因素的影响。利用ABAQUS通用有限元程序建立路堤荷载作用下刚性桩复合地基的力学模型,重点研究了以上几个主要因素对桩土荷载分担的影响和对桩身应力的影响,对比了柔性基础下和刚性基础下复合地基力学性状的差异。     

CFG桩复合地基处理软弱路基沉降机理

结合兰永一级公路软弱路基处理技术研究项目,分析CFG桩复合地基处理软土路基的沉降机理.利用非线性有限元软件ADINA,建立三维模型,结合比奥固结理论,地基土体按多孔介质材料考虑,采用Mohr-Coulomb理想弹塑性模型做固结分析,将填土视为荷载逐级施加,采用生死单元对CFG桩复合地基进行数值模拟.结果表明,CFG桩复合地基处理软土路基沉降随着路堤填土高度的逐层增加而增大;随着时间的推移,沉降量前期不断增加,在工后300d左右沉降量增加缓慢,最终趋于稳定;满足一级公路工后沉降要求,地基土中超孔隙水压随填土高度的增加不断增大,在工后逐渐消散,加固效果明显.     

柔性基础下桩体复合地基变形的有限元分析

针对柔性基础下桩体复合地基,采用ANSYS有限元软件,选取空间轴对称有限元模型及线弹性本构关系,通过在桩土接触面设置接触单元,对桩体复合地基进行考虑桩土相互作用的非线性分析,得出了桩长、置换率、基础刚度、桩体模量、加固区及下卧层土体模量对复合地基性状的影响规律,为复合地基优化设计提供一定的参考。     

考虑土拱效应的高路堤桩土复合地基受力分析

根据路堤荷载下复合地基的荷载传递机理及变形特征,综合考虑路堤填土的土拱效应和桩、土的荷载传递性状,采用假定的桩间土位移模式同时考虑桩土界面的相对滑移和同一深度处桩间土沉降的非同步性,基于典型单元体建立考虑路堤一桩土加固区一下卧层三者变形与应力协调的平衡方程,并求解获得表征桩土复合地基工作性状的桩土应力比及沉降变形解析公式.研究结果表明:由本文方法所得结果与工程实测结果较吻合,验证了本文方法的可行性.     

软土地基超长PHC管桩的荷载传递机理分析

软土地基中超长预应力混凝土管桩在桥梁和建筑工程中得到了广泛的应用,但超长预应力混凝土管桩的承载机理还不很清楚.土体采用非线性弹性Duncan-Chang模型,桩土界面采用Goodman接触面单元,桩体部分采用Hognestad方程对桩土的相互作用进行非线性有限元分析.结果表明:在有效荷载作用下,桩身变形在弹性范围内,桩底沉降是持力层的压缩变形.     

基于APDL的地基非线性有限元分析

基于ANSYS的APDL语言,依据邓肯-张（Duncan-Chang）非线性弹性地基模型,编制了计算机仿真分析程序,该程序考虑了施工逐级加载的作用,能动态修改岩土特性各参数,进行地基非线性计算,充分发挥了ANSYS强大的计算功能。讨论了在进行非线性有限元分析时存在的有关问题及修正方法。算例结果表明,用本文所编制的计算程序是基本可靠的,能够计算非线性弹性地基的内力、变形及绘制相关曲线云图。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.