铁岭方言语音特点之探究

从声母、韵母和声调三个方面讨论了铁岭方言与普通话语音的一些不同之处,如平翘舌不分;舌面塞擦音[t][t‘]和擦音[],送气和不送气音相互混淆;零声母音节前增加声母[n];声母[■]一般由[l]或者[i]所代替;用[iau]代替[ye];省略介音[u];圆唇元音[o]读成[γ]等。声调的区别则体现在调值和变调上。     

洛阳方言开齐撮口呼辨正

调查洛阳方言的语音，重在描写洛阳方言中开口呼、齐齿呼和撮口呼的读音与现代汉语普通话的差异，并加以辨正，希冀对洛阳地区的群众学习普通话能有所帮助。     

湖南洞口县山门、醪田话古喻母合口字今读[m-]声母现象

湖南洞口县山门、醪田话古喻母合口字今有读[m-]声母现象。这些读[m-]声母的古喻母字只出现在山、臻、梗摄的合口呼中,其余各摄的古喻母合口字今都读零声母。从洞口县山门、醪田话古喻母合口字读[m-]声母与读零声母音节的声韵母比较推断,山门、醪田等地古山、臻、梗摄喻母合口字原来声母是零声母、韵母是撮口呼[y]介音韵母,韵母中的[y]介音拢圆摩擦进一步唇化产生了双唇音声母[m-]。     

谈闽西方言区声母正音问题

方音辨正是闽西人提高普通话水平的难点 ,又是重点。本文提出正音的三条途径 :抓住方言与普通话之间的对应规律 ;结合普通话声韵母拼合规律 ;利用形声字声旁类推。并就声母的三组难点音 (z、c、s和zh、ch、sh ,f和h ,n、l和r)的方音辨正作了一定探讨 ,试图找出提高学生普通话水平的较为科学有效的训练方法     

浦北小江话与北京音系的共时比较

小江话与北京话共同的声母有15个,韵母有16个,调类有2个,但所辖的字以及声韵调的拼合情况不尽相同,不同的是：小江话有[η.η j v kw kwh]无[ts tsh z]声母,有丰富的辅音韵尾[m n η Ptk]和声化韵[m η]而无撮口呼韵母[y]、舌尖韵母[ll]和卷舌韵母[ ],调类有8个,小江话有入声韵。     

明清吴语“咿”类字的用法及来源

明清吴语文献中有一类读音为“咿”的“咿”类字,有“以”“夷”“伊”“亦”“咿”“”“咦”等多种写法,其意义、用法与现代汉语普通话中的“又”相同。通过对历史文献中有关吴语“又”字读音记载的分析,联系语音演变发展的规律,并结合现当代吴语区松江、上海、苏州、温州等地方言“又”的读音,可知“咿”类字其实是“又”的方言记音字。“又”“来”等上古之部某些字在现当代吴语一些地区韵母仍读[i]音。     

九江县方言与周边官话区方言的区别

九江县位于江西省北部 ,其方言区划与周边的九江市 (包括浔阳区、庐山区 )、瑞昌市 (市区及大部分乡镇 )一样同属北方方言区 ,属于江淮官话。在赣语、楚语的包围圈内 ,这三地的方言在发音方法、声、韵、调等方面都有某些共同性 ,如发音时气流均匀流畅 ,入声韵塞音尾消失 ,并可延长 ,因此语调都显得比较柔和平缓 ,颇类吴侬软语 ;声母 [ｔ ][ｔ ‘][ ]与 [ｔｓ][ｔｓ‘][ｓ]分明 ;韵母只有后元音 [浕],无中元音 [Ａ];[ｔ ][ｔ ‘][ ]只拼 [ ]不拼[ｕ],“猪”“居”不分 ;韵母有 [ｉｎ]、[ ｎ]无 [ｉ ]、[ ];还有唐、宕、江三摄字的鼻化等等 ,…     

晋中方音与普通话语音辨正

普通话是以北方话为基础方言的 ,地处华北的晋中市 ,其方音突出体现了“晋语”的某些特点 ,但又有晋中方音特有的语音现象。晋中方音与普通话语音辨正主要表现在声母 ,韵母 ,声调三个方面。     

鹤山市龙口话同音字汇

鹤山市龙口话属粤方言中的四邑次方言,它和粤方言的代表广州话比较,主要有以下独特之处:在声母方面,没有送气塞擦音,广州话念舌叶音 t∫′的字,龙口话都念 t′;在韵母方面,龙口话有七个广州话所没有的韵母εu、εm、εn、εp 、εt、om、op;在声调方面,龙口话共有七个调类,而广州话则有九个调类。     

大连话日母字声母读音变异及原因探析

运用社会语言学的研究方法,对50个日母字在当前大连话中的读音进行考察,发现除了止摄开口三等字仍读外,其他日母字的零声母[]和[l]声母有被[]声母取代的趋势,这种向普通话靠拢的发展走向在年轻人、文化程度高的人群和随便语体中更为明显。这不是方言自然发展的结果,而是普通话影响下的语言变异,也体现了语言使用者语言态度的转变。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-