北京地区古代人群身高的研究

为了探讨北京地区汉至明清时期人群的身高发育水平和变化规律,运用人体骨骼测量仪对北京西屯遗址出土的人骨标本(汉代43例,北朝16例,明清15例)进行测量,依据股骨的长度推算该地区3个时期古代人群的身高.结果显示:北京地区汉代组、北朝组和明清组男性居民的平均身高分别为165.34、163.79和165.32 cm;女性居民的平均身高分别为159.18、162.97和158.57 cm.西屯组汉代至明清男性居民的身高处于一个相对稳定的状态,没有显著的提升趋势;北朝组女性身高显著高于汉代组和明清组.同7个古代组和北京地区现代组相比,西屯汉代组、北朝组和明清组男性的身高值处于中等水平,而北朝组女性身高显著高于其他古代组和现代组.     

“流水”的“立即”义及相关问题

流水一词在《汉语大词典》中有6个义项,但在明清文学作品中,却无法按此6种意义作出合理解释。对明清文学作品中流水的解读,流水在一些明清文学作品中作立即解。从语用、句法和来源方面进行考察,推定流水是一个方言词。     

论明清时期江南士绅的环保意识

明清时期江南士绅环保意识的内容有了很大扩展,他们认识到不合理的人类活动对生态环境造成的破坏,进而提出限制人类滥垦行为以保护自然环境的观点,同时他们积极应对各种环境问题,更加重视公共环境卫生。明清时期江南士绅的环保意识具有鲜明的时代特点和地域特点,其环保意识体现于民间碑刻、契约文书和地方志中,是在继承了先民环保传统的基础上,出于强烈的社会责任感和使命感而形成的,与政府环保政策相辅相成,特别注重对人地资源的维持和水土资源的保护。明清时期江南士绅们借助自身在社会地位等方面的优势,将环保意识付诸实践,为明清时期江南地区的环境保护作出了重要贡献。明清时期江南士绅的环保意识对当今的环境保护事业具有很大启发。     

明清时期棉纺织工艺原料市场分析

手工艺本身不仅是一种艺术行为，更是一种经济行为。以往在当代艺术学、设计学研究领域中，对明清手工艺的关注多限制在造型、审美、材质、伦理价值等方面，少有人从经济学、市场学关注明清手工艺，梳理明清手工艺行业整体发展脉络，探索明清手工艺行业发展的规律。在此，本文以明清时期分布广泛的棉纺织工艺为基点，从经济学、市场学的视角分析明清时期棉纺织原料市场的发展情况，为探索明清时期棉纺织行业的发展提供重要借鉴。     

浅谈明清藏佛的特征及其市场价值

明清佛像,不仅数量多,而且题材丰富、造型各异.从佛像的题材、造型、工艺等方面进行比较,明清臧佛更为精致.其时代风格和地域风格交融共存,共性寓于个性之中,具有丰富的历史内涵和审美情趣.一些品相好、制作精美具有丰富而神奇的宗教内涵的明清臧佛,是海内外中国艺术品市场上买家竞拍的核心目标.     

明清时期山西地区城镇的发展

目的揭示明清时期山西地区城镇发展的整体规模、体系和结构,分析其城镇发展的特点。方法运用历史地理学等相关学科原理,基于文献资料的实证研究。结果明清时期山西城镇发展的整体状况相当平稳,城镇的整体数量特别是县级以上建制镇的数量前后变化不大;无论城镇人口数量还是城镇经济发展水平,都较以前有较明显的增长。结论明清时期山西城镇的发展与明清山西地区总人口的发展、山西地区整体经济的发展和全国社会经济环境的发展有密切的关系。     

明清时期湖南文化发展及其原因

明清时期,湖南文化发展有较大进步,反映在当时书院和学校的普及,以及在这一时期湖南文学之兴盛。学校和书院的普及,奠定了湖南文化教育发展的重要基础;地方政府的重视,为学习和教育提供资助;外来移民的涌入,为明清湖南文化发展起到积极推动作用;明清时期湖南经济的发展则为文化教育提供了坚实的保障和坚强的后盾。     

扎实厚重奉献学术 --读刘水云《明清家乐研究》一书所感

《明清家乐研究》一书是作者在广泛地钩稽明清家乐戏剧史料的基础上精心结撰之作，代表了明清“家乐”课题研究的成就，推动了明清戏剧研究的深入进行，也充分体现了作者不畏辛劳，自甘寂寞的严谨治学态度．     

吴小凤著的《明清广西商品经济史研究》出版

吴小凤著的《明清广西商品经济史研究》2005年12月由民族出版社出版。该书以大量丰富而翔实的资料为基础,从明清广西商品经济的综合考察入手,逐一论述了明清广西商品经济的历史基础、发展原因、交通发展与市场网络、商人与商业资本、货币流通等,试图揭示中国传统的商品经济发展的内在动力和发展轨迹。该书为广西哲学社会科学“十五”规划课题资助项目。定价18元。吴小凤著的《明清广西商品经济史研究》出版@于玉莲     

明清时期苏禄国朝贡史话

明清帝国作为一个区域性大国,与其周边国家共同形成了一个以中国中原王朝为中心的东亚国际交往秩序,确定和维系以中华为中心的朝贡体系,并对朝贡国家采取了"厚往薄来"、"无关税"、"怀柔怀远"以及优抚朝贡使节、抚慰东王后人的政策。苏禄国对明清两朝的朝贡活动持续了三百五十多年,接受中国对苏禄国王的承认和册封,在朝贡体系下前去中国朝见,以举行臣服于明清中原中央政府的各种活动,并以此作为维系苏禄国与中原明清王朝臣服关系的基本方式。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.