熔融盐法合成球形锂离子电池正极材料LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.2)O_2

采用热分析法对不同组成的LiOH-LiNO3二元体系进行研究,绘制了具有最低共熔点的该二元体系T-x相图,该体系的最低共熔点为175.7℃.利用低共熔混合物LiNO3-LiOH为锂盐,与前驱体球形Ni0.8Co0.2(OH)2混合烧结制备出了球形锂离子电池正极材料LiNi0.8Co0.2O2.探讨了Li/(Ni+Co)摩尔比、合成温度、合成时间等因素对产品的影响.X射线衍射分析表明合成的材料具有规整的层状NaFeO2结构,SEM表明所得材料为球形.充放电测试表明在3.0~4.3的电压范围内,首次放电比容量可达170 mAh.g-1,充放电效率为95.5%.结果表明采用该工艺可以制备出电化学性能良好的LiNi0.8Co0.2O2正极材料.     

Preparation and performance of LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.2)O_2 cathode material based on Co-substituted α–Ni(OH)_2 precursor

Co-substituted α-Ni(OH)2 was synthesized by a novel microwave homogeneous precipitation method in the presence of urea. LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 cathode material was synthesized by calcining Co-substituted α-Ni(OH)2 precursor and LiOH·H2O at 900℃ for 10 h in flowing oxygen. XRD, FTIR, FESEM and electro- chemical tests were used to study the physical and the electrochemical performances of the materials. The results show that the prepared LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 compound has a good layered hexagonal structure. Moreover, the LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 cathode material demonstrates stable cyclability with a high initial specific discharge capacity of 183.9 mAh/g. The good electrochemical performance could be attributed to the uniform distribution of Ni2 and Co2 ions in the crystal structure and a minimal cation mixing in LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 host structure.     

高密度锂离子正极材料前驱体Ni_(0.8)Co_(0.2-x)Al_x(OH)_2的制备

采用二次干燥的化学共沉淀法制备出了Co-Al共掺杂的高密度锂离子电池正极材料前驱体Ni0.8Co0.2-xAlx(OH)2(X=0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2).研究了不同Co-Al的掺杂比例,NaOH溶液的浓度、滴定速率、烘干方式等因素对前驱体振实密度的影响.XRD分析表明,不同掺杂比例的Ni0.8Co0.2-xAlx(OH)2均为六方层状的β型结构,晶型结构规整.充放电测试表明以此前驱体与LiNO3反应制得的LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2材料具有良好的电化学性能.     

高温固相法合成锂离子电池正极材料LiNi0.8Co0.2O2研究

研究了高温固相法合成锂离子电池正极材料LiNi0.8Co0.2O2时原材料、气氛、温度、时间、Li:(Ni Co)化学计量比例、氧气流量、二次烧结等参数对制备电极活性材料结构和电性能的影响，使用其优化后的工艺参数，制备出容量为170mAb/g的LiNi0.8Co0.2O2,并对此正极材料组成的电池性能进行了测试。     

LiNi0.8Co0.2O2的表面修饰及性能

锂离子电池正极材料和电解液之间的恶性相互作用引起正极材料和电池性能的劣化。将LiNi0.8Co0.2O2,LiOH*H2O和H3BO3以摩尔比100∶1∶2均匀混合,500℃热处理10h,在LiNi0.8Co0.2O2表面包覆上一层Li2O-2B2O3玻璃层。用X光电子能谱、扫描电镜和X光衍射分析对包覆前后LiNi0.8Co0.2O2的结构进行了表征。结果表明,表面修饰有效地抑制了LiNi0.8Co0.2O2和电解液之间的恶性相互作用,材料的实际比容量提高,充放电循环稳定性改善,自放电速率减小。表面修饰处理是改善锂离子电池正极材料综合性能的有效途径。     

融盐包裹法合成球形正极材料LiNi_(0.7)Co_(0.2)Al_(0.1)O_2(英文)

以球形Ni(OH)2为核心原料,Al(NO3)3.9H2O、Co(NO3)2.6H2O和LiNO3为包裹原料,采用融盐包裹法在空气中煅烧合成了单相固溶体LiNi0.7Co0.2Al0.1O2。用XRD研究了合成产物的物相和结构,用SEM研究了合成产物的形貌,用电池性能测试仪研究了合成产物的电化学性能。实验结果表明,合成产物具有α-NaFeO2型层状有序结构、球状形貌和良好的电化学性能。     

Storage Characteristics of LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1 X)Mn_(0.1-X)O_2 (X=0,0.03,0.06) Cathode Materials for Lithium Batteries

1 Results LiNi0.8Co0.1 xMn0.1-xO2 cathodes with x=0,0.03 and 0.06 were prepared by firing a mixture of stoichiometric amounts of LiOH·H2O and coprecipitated Ni0.8Co0.1 xMn0.1-x(OH)2 at 800 ℃ for 15 h.Using these powders,their storage characteristics upon exposure to air and electrolytes at 90 ℃ were compared before charging and after charging to 4.3 V with a variation of the storage time.As the Co content (x) increased in the cathode,both the Ni2 content in the lithium 3a sites,and the contents of the LiOH and Li2CO3 impurity phases decreased.In particular,changes in the oxidation state of the Ni and Mn ions after 4.3 V charging upon storage at 90 ℃ were monitored using X-ray absorption near edge spectra (XANES),and Ni4 was found to reduce to Ni3 while the oxidation state of the predominant Mn4 did not change.However,residual Mn3 ions in the cathodes dissolved into the electrolytes.Moreover,the cathodes stored at 90 ℃ for 7 days were transformed into a spinel phase (Fd3m),regardless of the Co content.In an effort to resolve this dissolution problem,Al2O3 and Co3(PO4)2 nanoparticles were coated onto the cathode (LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2) with the highest amounts of metal dissolution at 90 ℃.The results showed that the Co3(PO4)2-coated cathode exhibited greatly decreased metal dissolution and decreased its irreversible capacity by 5%,compared with a bare and Al2O3-coated cathodes.     

高密度球形LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.2)O_2的制备及性能

采用控制结晶法合成球形 β- Ni0 .8Co0 .2 (OH) 2 ,与L i OH.H2 O 混合 ,在 75 0℃通 O2 热处理 8h 合成球形L i Ni0 .8Co0 .2 O2 粉末。用 X光衍射和扫描电镜分析对 β- Ni0 .8Co0 .2 (OH) 2 和 L i Ni0 .8Co0 .2 O2 粉末的结构进行了表征。充放电测试表明该球形 L i Ni0 .8Co0 .2 O2 正极材料具有优良的电化学性能 :首次充电比容量为 2 17m A.h.g- 1 ,放电比容量为172 m A.h.g- 1 ,5 0次充放电循环后保持初始放电比容量的97.5 %。该球形 L i Ni0 .8Co0 .2 O2 粉末的振实密度高达 2 .8g.cm- 3,远高于一般非球形 L i Ni0 .8Co0 .2 O2 正极材料。高密度球形 L i Ni0 .8Co0 .2 O2 正极材料用于锂离子电池可以显著提高电池的能量密度。     

Comparative study of LiNiO2, LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 and LiNi0.75Al0.25O2 for lithium-ion batteries

The comparative study of LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 and LiNi0.75Al0.25O2 was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrochemical methods. The results show that Co and Al doping suppress the phase transition during charge-discharge. The experiments indicate that LiNi0.75Al0.25O2 has the better cycle-ability and over-charge resistance comparing with LiNi0.8Co0.2O2. The interfacial behavior was studied by use of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results show that LiNi0.75Al0.25O2 has a slightly larger polarization character than LiNi0.8Co0.2O2.     

La_(0.8)Cu_(0.2)Ni_(1-x)M_xO_3钙钛矿氧化物的制备及催化性能研究

采用柠檬酸络合法制备了一系列La0.8Cu0.2Ni1-xMxO3(M分别为Mn、Fe和Co)钙钛矿复合氧化物.催化性能的测定结果表明:750℃焙烧制得的催化剂La0.8Cu0.2Ni0.8Mn0.2O3显示出良好的三效催化性能,能使贫燃条件下CO、NO和C3H6的起燃温度较低,分别为165℃、295℃和302℃,当温度高于400℃时完全转化.扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)的测试分析结果表明:La0.8Cu0.2Ni0.8Mn0.2O3因具有良好的钙钛矿晶型结构,且为纳米级晶体,所以三效催化性能良好.     

低温熔盐法合成球形LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2研究

采用低温熔盐法合成了锂离子电池正极材料Li Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2,并就低温熔盐0.62xLi NO3-0.38xLi OH-(1-x)CH3COOLi.2 H2O的具体比例、焙烧温度和焙烧时间对材料的影响进行了对比研究.XRD结果表明以x=0.6的低温共熔盐,经3阶段温度烧结(200℃,3 h;600℃,制备的样品的α-NaFeO2层状结构发育的较为完备.SEM扫描显示材料是由许多片状晶体构成的球形颗粒.材料在2.8～4.3 V范围内充放电,倍率为0.2 C时,首次放电比容量为173.6 mA.h.g-1,循环20次后容量保留97.4%;倍率为1 C时,首放126.0 mA.h.g-1,循环20次后容量保留94.1%.     

共沉淀法合成(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)(OH)2热力学分析

通过对共沉淀Me2+ (Me = Ni, Co, Mn)－NH3－OH-－H2O体系进行热力学分析,拟合出lg[Me]－pH关系曲线。以氢氧化钠为共沉淀剂,氨水为络合剂,采用共沉淀法进行锂离子电池(LIB)正极材料LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2前驱体(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)(OH)2的合成研究。热力学分析结果表明：共沉淀体系的最佳pH值为11,合适的氨水浓度[N]为0.1～0.5 mol/L,此时各种金属阳离子(Me2+)的损失最小。基于以上最佳合成反应条件,在不加其它还原剂和絮凝剂时,所得前驱体材料的振实密度达到1.32 g/cm3。     

Ni/Co比例对LiCoxNi1-xO2电化学性能的影响

采用固相反应法合成了一系列LiCoxNi1-xO2(0≤x≤1)材料,用XRD和电化学实验方法研究了Co3+取代Ni3+对LiNiO2材料电化学性能的影响.结果表明,当Ni/Co比例为8:2时材料具有最好电化学性能,比容量可以达到170～180mAh/g,并且具有好的抗过充性能.     

中温固体氧化物燃料电池复合阴极材料的性能

利用甘氨酸法合成复合材料La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ-Ce0.8Ca0.2O1.9,该材料作为中温固体氧化物燃料电池的阴极材料被研究,XRD、SEM-EDS、O2-TPD等被用于检测材料的各种性能.得到优化的合成温度是1 100 ℃,在该温度条件下晶粒的平均粒径为400 nm,而且所合成的样品的元素比与所设计的化学计量比吻合.LSCF70-CDC的电导率在700℃温度下最高.氧的解吸结果表明结构中存在着几种不同类型的氧.     

YAG陶瓷磨球注浆成型用浆料的流变性能研究

以高纯Al2O3和Y2O3粉体为原料,在浆料pH值为9．7,分散剂PAA-NHt体积分数为1．5％,固相体积分数为50％,球磨时间12h,增塑剂PEG体积分数为1．5％的优化工艺条件下制备出流动性好、分散均匀的Y2O3-Al2O3混合浆料,利用注浆成型制备YAG陶瓷球形生坯,在60℃干燥24h条件下,球坯相对密度可达50％以上,球坯圆度偏差仅0．5346％,陶瓷球坯颗粒分布均匀．以体积分数0．8％的SiO2为烧结助剂,在1650℃保温6h,采用液相法烧结获得了自磨损率仅5．68×10^-6／h的YAG新型陶瓷磨球,可用于高性能YAG陶瓷的制备．     

Tuning Li3PO4 modification on the electrochemical performance of nickel-rich LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2

Surface deterioration occurs more easily in nickel-rich cathode materials with the increase of nickel content. To simultaneously pre-vent deterioration of active cathode materials and improve the electrochemical performance of the nickel-rich cathode material, the surface of nickel-rich LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode material is decorated with the stable structure and conductive Li3PO4 by a facile method. The LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2–1wt％, 2wt％, 3wt％Li 3PO4 samples deliver a high-capacity retention of more than 85％ after 100 cycles at 1 C under a high voltage of 4.5 V. The effect of different coating amounts (0–5wt％) for the LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode is analyzed in detail. Results show that 2wt％ coating of Li3PO4 gives better performance compared to other coating concentrations. Detailed analysis of the structure of the samples during the charge?discharge process is performed by in-situ X-ray diffraction. It is indicated that the modification for LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode could protect the well-layered structure under high voltages. In consequence, the electrochemical performance of modified samples is greatly improved.