水的受激Raman散射

利用532 nm脉冲激光研究水的受激Raman散射, 并利用激光诱导产生的等离子体解释了前向、 后向和侧向水受激Raman散射的差异. 结果表明: 水与甲醇和乙醇的受激Raman阈值基本相同,  大于苯、 甲苯和二硫化碳的受激Raman阈值; 当能量为140 mJ时, 出现前向Stokes和反Stokes 3 426 cm^-1谱线, 后向和侧向出现3 400,3 268 cm^-1的受激Stokes谱线.     

Raman injection laser

Stimulated Raman scattering is a nonlinear optical process that, in a broad variety of materials, enables the generation of optical gain at a frequency that is shifted from that of the incident radiation by an amount corresponding to the frequency of an internal oscillation of the material. This effect is the basis for a broad class of tunable sources known as Raman lasers. In general, these sources have only small gain (approximately 10(-9) cm W(-1)) and therefore require external pumping with powerful lasers, which limits their applications. Here we report the realization of a semiconductor injection Raman laser designed to circumvent these limitations. The physics underlying our device differs in a fundamental way from existing Raman lasers: it is based on triply resonant stimulated Raman scattering between quantum-confined states within the active region of a quantum cascade laser that serves as an internal optical pump--the device is driven electrically and no external laser pump is required. This leads to an enhancement of orders of magnitude in the Raman gain, high conversion efficiency and low threshold. Our lasers combine the advantages of nonlinear optical devices and of semiconductor injection lasers, and could lead to a new class of compact and wavelength-agile mid-and far-infrared light sources.     

Compact, stable and efficient all-fibre gas cells using hollow-core photonic crystal fibres

Gas-phase materials are used in a variety of laser-based applications--for example, in high-precision frequency measurement, quantum optics and nonlinear optics. Their full potential has however not been realized because of the lack of a suitable technology for creating gas cells that can guide light over long lengths in a single transverse mode while still offering a high level of integration in a practical and compact set-up or device. As a result, solid-phase materials are still often favoured, even when their performance compares unfavourably with gas-phase systems. Here we report the development of all-fibre gas cells that meet these challenges. Our structures are based on gas-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fibres, in which we have recently demonstrated substantially enhanced stimulated Raman scattering, and which exhibit high performance, excellent long-term pressure stability and ease of use. To illustrate the practical potential of these structures, we report two different devices: a hydrogen-filled cell for efficient generation of rotational Raman scattering using only quasi-continuous-wave laser pulses; and acetylene-filled cells, which we use for absolute frequency-locking of diode lasers with very high signal-to-noise ratios. The stable performance of these compact gas-phase devices could permit, for example, gas-phase laser devices incorporated in a 'credit card' or even in a laser pointer.     

增强二元混合物中少量化合物的受激拉曼散射光谱

在二元混合物构成的悬垂液滴中，用罗丹明640染料的激光增益，增强了少量化合物的受激拉曼散射光谱，并分别将甲醇-乙醇、乙醇-水混合液中的少量化合物的受激拉曼光谱可探测极限降低了近一个数量级．     

BaWO4晶体的喇曼光谱分析

采用群论的方法分析了BaWO4晶体的对称性分类，得到36个简正模，与BaWO4晶体的运动自由度相等，其中有18支喇曼活性光学膜. 实验中， 采用X(ZZ)，X(YY)，Z(XY)和X(YZ)配置获得了Ag, Ag＋Bg, Bg, Eg振动模，共观测到10支喇曼峰，并对观测到的各个配置的喇曼峰进行了指认，其中X(ZZ)配置的921?cm-1（υ1）处的喇曼峰强度最强，频移最大，线宽较窄，容易获得较高的喇曼增益，是喇曼激光器设计中的首选谱线，为喇曼激光器的设计提供了理论指导.     

基于单模光纤的超短光脉冲产生方法（Ⅱ）──超快受激喇曼散射

本文系统地介绍了基于单模光纤中超快受激喇曼散射过程的超短光脉冲产生方法、原理及其进展，报道了我们最近的研究结果，讨论了在单模光纤中实现高效率超短喇曼脉冲产生的途径。     

SRS、SBS效应对双向光纤通信系统中光信号功率的衰减

对双向密集波分复用光纤通信系统中的ＳＢＳ（受激布里渊散射）,ＳＲＳ（受激喇曼散射）的联合作用进行了研究,从理论上给出了ＳＢＳ,ＳＲＳ效应共同作用下小信号功率的衰减公式,定量分析了目前研究中的相干光通信系统和ＨＤ－ＷＤＭ系统中由ＳＢＳ,ＳＲＳ效应产生的非线性功率衰减、研究结果表明,在考虑ＳＲＳ作用的同时,必须考虑ＳＢＳ的作用。     

Solving surface plasmon resonances and near field in metallic nanostructures: Green’s matrix method and its applications

With the development of nanotechnology, many new optical phenomena in nanoscale have been demonstrated. Through the coupling of optical waves and collective oscillations of free electrons in metallic nanostructures, surface plasmon polaritons can be excited accompanying a strong near field enhancement that decays in a subwavelength scale, which have potential applications in the surface-enhanced Raman scattering, biosensor, optical communication, solar cells, and nonlinear optical frequency mixing. In the present article, we review the Green’s matrix method for solving the surface plasmon resonances and near field in arbitrarily shaped nanostructures and in binary metallic nanostructures. Using this method, we design the plasmonic nanostructures whose resonances are tunable from the visible to near-infrared, study the interplay of plasmon resonances, and propose a new way to control plasmonic resonances in binary metallic nanostructures.     

All-metallic three-dimensional photonic crystals with a large infrared bandgap

Three-dimensional (3D) metallic crystals are promising photonic bandgap structures: they can possess a large bandgap, new electromagnetic phenomena can be explored, and high-temperature (above 1,000 degrees C) applications may be possible. However, investigation of their photonic bandgap properties is challenging, especially in the infrared and visible spectrum, as metals are dispersive and absorbing in these regions. Studies of metallic photonic crystals have therefore mainly concentrated on microwave and millimetre wavelengths. Difficulties in fabricating 3D metallic crystals present another challenge, although emerging techniques such as self-assembly may help to resolve these problems. Here we report measurements and simulations of a 3D tungsten crystal that has a large photonic bandgap at infrared wavelengths (from about 8 to 20 microm). A very strong attenuation exists in the bandgap, approximately 30 dB per unit cell at 12 microm. These structures also possess other interesting optical properties; a sharp absorption peak is present at the photonic band edge, and a surprisingly large transmission is observed in the allowed band, below 6 microm. We propose that these 3D metallic photonic crystals can be used to integrate various photonic transport phenomena, allowing applications in thermophotovoltaics and blackbody emission.     

掺杂Ca2+对YVO4晶体拉曼性能的影响

采用提拉法(Czochralsk i)生长了不同Ca2+掺杂浓度的CaxY1-xVO4晶体,计算了晶体中Ca2+的分凝系数.结果表明,随着Ca2+掺杂浓度的增加,分凝系数变小;对CaxY1-xVO4晶体进行了XRD分析,计算了其晶胞参数.测试了常温下晶体的拉曼光谱,对其谱线进行了归属,计算了晶体的受激拉曼散射参数,研究发现Ca2+的掺入有利于提高晶体的拉曼性能.     

掺钽和变温对铌酸锂晶体拉曼谱的影响

研究了LoTa_xNb_(1-x)O_3(x=0,0.0013,0.0052,1)晶体的拉曼光谱及拉曼散射随温度的变化.实验证明,随着晶体中含铅量的增加及温度的升高,拉曼谱峰红移,散射强度减小,峰宽增加.杂质钽的引入会改变晶体的内应力;温度的升高会增加模式振动的阻尼、晶格振动出现“失稳”,是造成上述现象的原因。     

激光与均匀大尺度等离子体相互作用中受激拉曼散射不稳定性的研究

研究了波长为810 nm、脉宽为0.81 ps的圆偏振激光脉冲与毫米量级的一维均匀等离子体相互作用中受激拉曼散射不稳定性;利用一维粒子模拟程序分析了激光沿着靶传播过程中在不同位置的受激拉曼散射,以及激光强度和等离子体密度对受激拉曼散射不稳定性的影响;发现激光强度增强和等离子体密度的增加（1/4临界密度内）均能够促进受激拉曼散射的发展.研究结果可为点火试验的设计提供参考.     

A GaAs polariton light-emitting diode operating near room temperature

The increasing ability to control light-matter interactions at the nanometre scale has improved the performance of semiconductor lasers in the past decade. The ultimate optimization is realized in semiconductor microcavities, in which strong coupling between quantum-well excitons and cavity photons gives rise to hybrid half-light/half-matter polariton quasiparticles. The unique properties of polaritons-such as stimulated scattering, parametric amplification, lasing, condensation and superfluidity-are believed to provide the basis for a new generation of polariton emitters and semiconductor lasers. Until now, polariton lasing and nonlinearities have only been demonstrated in optical experiments, which have shown the potential to reduce lasing thresholds by two orders of magnitude compared to conventional semiconductor lasers. Here we report an experimental realization of an electrically pumped semiconductor polariton light-emitting device, which emits directly from polariton states at a temperature of 235 K. Polariton electroluminescence data reveal characteristic anticrossing between exciton and cavity modes, a clear signature of the strong coupling regime. These findings represent a substantial step towards the realization of ultra-efficient polaritonic devices with unprecedented characteristics.     

蒽醌分子的深紫外针尖增强拉曼散射的化学增强机制

利用含时密度泛函理论来研究深紫外针尖增强拉曼散射光谱的化学增强机制的报道,引发了许多关于紫外针尖增强拉曼散射的实验研究。本文通过含时密度泛函理论来计算铝3-蒽醌分子-铝3结在262 nm光能量激发下的拉曼光谱,结果表明该分子的拉曼光谱是针尖增强共振拉曼散射光谱,其化学增强因子为107。这表明在生物和材料领域,针尖增强共振拉曼散射技术可用于深紫外区域的指纹振荡光谱研究。     

苯乙烯的密度泛函研究

以苯乙烯为研究对象,采用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法及不同基组,进行了分子结构优化.在此基础上,对其分子轨道、能级、最高占据轨道(HOMO)和最低空轨道(LUMO)、红外光谱(IR)和拉曼光谱(Raman)、核磁共振谱(NMR)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)进行了模拟计算.根据能级和分子轨道计算结果,主要讨论了苯乙烯的最高占据轨道(HOMO)和最低空轨道(LUMO)的特点;将红外光谱(IR)和拉曼光谱(Raman)、核磁共振谱(NMR)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)计算结果与实测值进行了对比,并对谱图数据进行了简要分析及讨论.     

分布式光纤传感数据采集系统设计

基于拉曼散射温度效应和光时域反射技术,设计了100 MHz高速数据采集系统SDLaser_DAQ600,实现对空间环境温度场测量。在数据采集系统中利用现场可编程逻辑门阵列(FPGA),采用实时累加平均算法对原始光纤传感信号进行累加平均,支持10 km光纤实时采样,空间分辨率达到1 m。实验结果表明,65 536次数据累加平均可以得到平滑的斯托克斯和反斯托克斯曲线,使光纤传感信号的信噪比提高到90 d B以上,能够为分布式温度测量提供良好的数据支持。     

The characteristic blue spectra of accretion disks in quasars as uncovered in the infrared

Quasars are thought to be powered by supermassive black holes accreting surrounding gas. Central to this picture is a putative accretion disk which is believed to be the source of the majority of the radiative output. It is well known, however, that the most extensively studied disk model-an optically thick disk which is heated locally by the dissipation of gravitational binding energy-is apparently contradicted by observations in a few major respects. In particular, the model predicts a specific blue spectral shape asymptotically from the visible to the near-infrared, but this is not generally seen in the visible wavelength region where the disk spectrum is observable. A crucial difficulty has been that, towards the infrared, the disk spectrum starts to be hidden under strong, hot dust emission from much larger but hitherto unresolved scales, and thus has essentially been impossible to observe. Here we report observations of polarized light interior to the dust-emitting region that enable us to uncover this near-infrared disk spectrum in several quasars. The revealed spectra show that the near-infrared disk spectrum is indeed as blue as predicted. This indicates that, at least for the outer near-infrared-emitting radii, the standard picture of the locally heated disk is approximately correct.     

WDM光纤通信系统中SRS效应的仿真研究

为了改善光纤波分复用（WDM）通信系统的性能,研究了受激喇曼散射（SRS）的影响.基于非线性光学理论,分析了受激喇曼散射的形成及信道间距和信道初始功率对受激喇曼散射效应的影响.研究表明,增大阈值,选择合适的信道间隔,减小入射功率都将减小SRS的影响.此外,增大光纤的有效面积也有利于减少SRS对系统的影响.文章通过仿真验证了研究结果的可信性.     

锂蒸气中紫外相干辐射和红外超喇曼散射的产生

报道用双光子激发锂原子(2S—4S)获得紫外辐射的结果,可见波段的相干及受激辐射,同时观察到红外可调谐辐射的终态为3P,中间态为4S的超喇曼散射.     

填隙氧离子对钨酸铅晶体光学性质的影响及绿光起源的研究

应用GULP软件按照能量最低原理确定了钨酸铅(PWO)晶体中填隙氧离子的位置,再用CASTEP软件计算了完整PWO晶体和含有填隙氧离子的PWO晶体的总态密度、分态密度和吸收光谱.计算结果表明,填隙氧离子的存在不会造成PWO晶体可见光区的显著吸收;PWO晶体中的绿光中心可能起源于WO4 Oi.