濒危植物翅果油树的光合生理特性研究

采用Li-6400便携式光合仪对自然生长的翅果油树的光合特性进行研究,结果表明：（1）翅果油树叶片的净光合速率（Pn）日变化呈双峰曲线,高峰值出现在11：00和15：00,存在明显的光合“午休”现象．（2）翅果油树的光补偿点（LCP）为46．1085μmol·m^-2·s^-1,光饱和点（LSP）在1400μmol·m^-2·s^-1左右,光补偿点和光饱和点都比较高,表明其是典型的阳生植物,对光适应的生态幅度较窄,这可能是其濒危的原因之一;表观量子效率日变化范围在0．0355μmol·mol^-1 -0．0534μmol·mol^-1之间．（3）翅果油树的CO2补偿点为83．1914μmol·m^-1,CO2饱和点在700μmol·mol^-1左右,预测环境CO2浓度的升高对翅果油树光合作用的促进作用会很小;羧化效率日变化与净光合速率（Pn）日变化趋势基本一致,变化范围为-0．0040μmol·m^-2·s^-1 -0．0298μmol·m^-2·s^-1．     

新疆春大豆群体光合、呼吸特性的研究

研究了新疆春大豆高产（4500kg.hm^-2)条件下群体光合速率，呼吸速率的变化。结果表明，高产大豆群体光合速率在整个生育期的变化呈单峰曲线，在开花期以前稳定上升，至结荚期达到最大，为4.165gCO2.m^-2.h^-1，鼓粒末期开始下降，全生育期平均值为2.321gCO2.m^-2.h^-1。群体呼吸速率随生育时期的变化呈现单峰曲线，盛荚斯达到最大值，为1.962gCO2.m^-2.h^-1。群体呼吸速率日变化的趋势与光合速率相似，亦呈现单峰型曲线，至中午14：00－16：00达最大值，呼吸速率的日变化与温度成显著正相关。     

藏川杨与中林46光合特性比较

使用L i-6400光合作用测定系统对藏川杨和中林46的日光合特性进行了测定,结果表明:藏川杨和中林46的日光合速率变化均呈双峰曲线,藏川杨的光合速率日变化峰值在09:00出现,为17.45μmol/(m2.s),中林46的光合速率日变化峰值出现在10:00,为18.27μmol/(m2.s);两种杨树的蒸腾速率日变化均呈单峰曲线,峰值均出现在11:00,其中藏川杨峰值为4.67 mmol/(m2.s),中林46峰值是9.77 mmol/(m2.s).由两种树种的光合速率及其内、外影响因子的相关分析可知:中林46的Pn与PAR,Tr,Gs3个因子之间呈极显著正相关关系(r分别为0.803,0.818和0.790),与Ca呈极显著负相关关系(r为-0.715).藏川杨Pn与Tr,Gs呈显著正相关关系(r为0.579和0.639),与其他因子相关关系不显著.     

青花椒光合生理特性分析

本文对青花椒座果期的光合生理特性进行了研究。结果表明,座果期青花椒的光饱和点为500μmol（/m^2.s）,光补偿点为55.59μmol（/m^2.s）;座果期青花椒的光合速率日变化为单峰型曲线,峰值出现在11：00;青花椒叶片的气孔导度与叶片的光合速率日变化趋势基本一致,呈平行变化趋势,说明气孔导度是影响光合速率的直接因子。     

高温对观赏海棠生长和光合作用的影响

通过对耐热性不同的3个海棠品种在生长季的生长、光合作用和高温期光合日变化的测定,探讨海棠光合作用对高温的响应机制,分析其光合作用、生长与耐热性之间的关系.结果表明:高温胁迫下,3个海棠品种的Pn下降,生长速率也随之下降,品种间差异显著.耐热性强的品种Pn下降幅度较小且下降时间为高温后期,生长速率降幅较小；耐热性弱的品种Pn下降幅度较大且下降时间为高温早期,生长速率降幅较大.3个海棠品种的Pn日变化曲线均呈“双峰型”,具明显光合“午休”现象.非气孔因素是海棠光合“午休”的主要原因.     

不同品种非洲菊光合特性及栽培适应性的研究

通过对非洲菊4个品种的光合特性及栽培适应性的研究，结果表明：在土壤水分充足时，非洲菊不同品种的净光合速率（Pn)日变化趋势相似，均呈明显的单峰曲线变化，。其光饱合点约为40klx左右，Pn下降的主要原因是由于叶片气孔阻力（Sr)升高，影响Pn的环境因子中，光照强度，叶面温度，空气相对湿度均与Pn有一定相关性，不同品种其日光合速率大小不同，桔红黑心和桔黄黑心的光合速率大于鲜红重瓣和金黄重瓣的光合速率，在田间栽培表现中，桔红黑心和桔黄黑心的生长势强，开花早，产量高，切花品质高，,而鲜红重瓣和金黄重瓣的生长势弱，开花晚，产量低，切花品质也低。     

NPK施肥处理对设施甜椒光合特性的影响

试验研究了高温时期利用不同NPK配合施肥对设施甜椒光合特性的影响,结果表明:NPK不同配合与CK相比,能促进甜椒生长发育和提高光合速率。各处理甜椒的光合速率(Pn)在一天中均呈"双峰"曲线变化,4种处理甜椒植株均在11:30左右出现最大值,以NPK配合处理最高,可达30.20μmol.m-2.s-1,蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、细胞间CO2浓度(Ci)也发生变化;并通过计算机模拟程序得出该甜椒品种的光饱和点为1193.62μmol.m-2.s-1。     

青海湖防沙治沙区沙棘光合特性与光响应特征研究

为研究青海湖固沙区人工沙棘的光合特性,以青海湖典型的固沙植物沙棘为研究对象,对其光合、蒸腾特性及主要影响因素进行了测定．结果表明,沙棘的光合具有明显的日变化规律,呈双峰型,光合作用速率P。在12：00左右出现峰值,为21．28μmol／（m^2·s）（文中均以CO2固定量为准）,日平均值为13．23μmol／（m^2·s）,具有“光午休”现象．蒸腾速率Tr与气孔导度Gs日变化动态也呈双峰型,光合作用有效辐射（Rpa）、空气温度丁日及水汽压强差（Pvd）变化规律基本一致,空气湿度（Hr）变化规律则相反;沙棘的Pn,Tr与Rpa,Ta,Gs及pvd呈显著相关,其中,Tr和Pvd影响最为显著;沙棘叶片的水分利用效率（Ewu）的光响应曲线表明,光合有效辐射达到400μmol／（m^2·s）时,Ewu最大．对青海湖防沙治沙与生态恢复有重要的参考价值．     

广西道地药材战骨的光合特性研究

【目的】针对广西道地药材战骨(Premna fulva Craib)丰产、高产栽培技术研究缺乏的现状,对战骨光合特点进行测定与分析,旨在了解战骨的光合作用特征,为其人工种植提供科学依据。【方法】采用Li-6400便携式光合测定系统对战骨的光合作用-光响应曲线和光合日变化各指标进行测定。【结果】战骨叶片的最大净光合速率17.07μmol·m-2·s-1,表观量子效率0.047μmol·ml-2·s-1,暗呼吸速率0.620μmol·m-2·s-1,光饱和点1364μmol·m-2·s-1,光补偿点13.14μmol·m-2·s-1。战骨的净光合速率(Pn)日进程呈"双峰型"曲线,偏相关分析表明,Pn与光合有效辐射、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和叶温呈极显著正相关,光合"午休"的主要原因是强光引起的非气孔因素。【结论】战骨具阳生植物的光合特性,适宜种植在阳光充足的生境。     

马家柚光合特性研究

马家柚是江西省上饶市地方特色柚树。为了掌握马家柚叶片光合特性，利用Li-6400xt便携式光合仪对6年生马家柚的光合特性进行了系统研究。结果表明：马家柚叶片光合日变化为“双峰型”,具有“午休”现象，光合速率最大值出现在上午10:00时，光合速率最大值在4.4～7.7μmolCO₂/(m²·s)之间；马家柚叶片光补偿点在35.1～99.7μmol/(m²·s)之间，光饱和点在1 224.6～1 809.2μmol/(m²·s)之间；马家柚叶片光合速率的在CO₂浓度为1 500μmol/mol时达到最高，此时马家柚叶片光合速率在6.9～26.1μmolCO₂/(m²·s)之间；马家柚光响应曲线和CO₂响应曲线与其生长规律基本一致，最大光合速率随生长期不同呈先上升后降低的趋势。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.