工程作图计算法在理论教学中的实用意义

从力学分析、机械设计、机构运动学参数确定三方面,展示了工程作图计算法的实用意义,分析了作图计算法教学目前存在的问题及原因,就笔者的社会实践及思考提出：作图计算法是改善学生思维方式,增强学生分析、理解能力的有效方法。借助于计算机技术的普及,把传统的工程作图计算法加以改进与推广,一定能够形成一种简便、直观、科学、严谨的计算方法,使我们的工程设计计算更加快捷、准确、高效、方便。     

提高中压燃气锅炉热效率技术分析

采用锅炉正平衡计算方法,辅以反平衡计算法,对某自备电站75t／h中压三气混烧燃气锅炉进行了热力计算．根据燃气锅炉燃料特性,结合现场检测锅炉热工参数,分析了影响燃气锅炉热效率的因素,计算了排烟温度及散热量损失所占比例,通过分析,找出了最佳运行空气过剩系数,以提供合理的供风量,从而节约能源,减少排烟量,减少热损失,提高锅炉燃烧效率．     

利用缩减样本空间方法替代贝叶斯公式的计算

条件概率的计算是概率论中极其重要的计算之一,一般有利用定义式计算和缩减样本空间计算两种方法．缩减样本空间计算法在先验概率问题计算上比较浅显易懂,但在后验概率问题上计算一般不采用这个方法,而是使用定义式来计算,后验概率的计算又和贝叶斯公式有较大的关系．着重讨论缩减样本空间计算法在后验概率问题上的应用．从而避免利用贝叶斯公式计算的繁琐过程．     

两种无功功率补偿的计算方法

介绍了最大负荷补偿计算法和平均负荷补偿计算法两种无功功率补偿的计算方法，对两种补偿计算方法进行了理论分析，并通过实例进行对比分析。     

用等效干工况法计算表冷器湿工况

本文对目前计算表冷器湿工况的等效干工况法进行了分析,指出了所存在的问题。文中给出了一个等效干工况的新的定义,并研究了它的性质。在此基础上提出了一种新的等效干工况的计算法和图解法。通过分析和计算,表明该法在工程计算中是具有一些优点的。     

回灌工程经济效益计算探讨

随着水资源供需矛盾的日益尖锐，利用汛期，非汛期的废弃水或供水效益较低的水进行回灌，作为解决水资源供需矛盾的途径之一，将会日益为人们所重视，回灌工程的经济效益，是回灌工程可行性研究的一个重要方面。本文除对回灌水量进行分析外，在回灌工程宏观经济效益计算常规方法－直接计算法介绍基础上，研究了两种简便易行的间接计算法－最优等效替代工程措施法和直接经济损失法。此外，对回灌工程的财务效益进行了简略分析，这些对     

离心机转鼓应力状态的研究

离心机转鼓的强度设计,我国迄今尚无统一的标准,目前采用的工程计算方法其计算结果不尽一致。本文对离心机转鼓应力状态的研究,首先进行了转鼓的鼓壁、鼓底的电测法的实测工作,对大量的实测数据进行了分析和整理。同时,采用轴对称应力分析的有限元法对转鼓整体进行了应力计算。文中还列出了工程计算法以及苏联1972年公布的OCT26—01—1170“离心机转鼓强度计算标准与方法”的计算结果。把实测值、有限元法及工程计算法的数据进行此较,对计算方法做出初步评述。     

排桩支护结构反力计算方法

排桩支护结构的计算方法很多,一般有等值梁法、二分之一分担法、逐层开挖支撑(锚杆)支承力不变法、弹性法、有限元计算法等.主要介绍前三种计算方法的原理及步骤.为了对比三种方法计算结果之间的差异,以及与实际施工情况相符的程度,结合昆明市某城中村改造项目的具体工程实例,按照规范要求,给出了三种方法的具体计算过程和结果,分析了不同方法计算的反力大小差异很大的原因,对比得出逐层开挖锚杆支承力不变计算法,符合实际施工情况,是比较合适的计算方法.     

确定岩体渗透参数的结构面控制反演法

从裂隙渗流的基本运动方程出发,反求岩体的渗透参数是工程控制论中一类典型的偏微分方程分布参数控制反问题,对于这类反问题常用数值法求解．考虑到结构面控水特点,依据岩体渗透系数张量与结构面产状的基本关系式,提出了一种结构面控制反演法．该方法不仅可以反算出岩体的渗透系数张量,而且可以反求出岩体控水结构面的当量渗透系数、渗透系数张量的主值和主方向,同时应用该方法计算的解具有较好的唯一性．以溪洛渡水电站工程为例介绍了这种数值反演方法在确定岩体渗透参数中的应用．     

电力系统静态稳定性的概率分析

基于牛顿一拉逊夫潮流计算法，提出了一个非线性随机负荷潮流分析框架．该分析框架保留了二阶非线性项，保证了随机负荷潮流的计算精度．进一步基于非线性随机潮流分析的结果，应用静态稳定性分析的经典判据，提出了一种直接计算电力系统静态稳定概率的方法，该方法保留了二阶非线性项，以保证计算静态稳定概率的精度．算例表明了该方法的可行性．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.