Al_2O_3／nano－SiC复相陶瓷力学性能及显微结构

研究了热压烧结Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ｎａｎｏ－ＳｉＣ复相陶瓷的力学性能及显微结构。研究表明,纳米ＳｉＣ的引入显著地改善了材料的力学性能,在ＳｉＣ添加体积分数为１０％时,Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ｎａｎｏ－ＳｉＣ复相陶瓷抗弯强度σｆ达峰值为８６９ＭＰａ,断裂韧性ＫＩｃ也达峰值为６．７ＭＰａ·ｍ０．５,比纯Ａｌ２Ｏ３基体材料分别提高１３８％和８１％。ＴＥＭ观察表明：纳米ＳｉＣ晶粒主要存在于Ａｌ２Ｏ３基体晶粒内部,形成独特的“晶内型”结构。当受外力作用时,既能因弥散的纳米颗粒诱发穿晶断裂,且穿晶断裂时,还能因晶内存在第二相颗粒而引起裂纹偏转,起到增强增韧作用。     

反应烧结制备莫来石基复合材料及添加剂的影响

重点研究了Ａｌ２Ｏ３ ／ＺｒＳｉＯ４ 富铝体系反应烧结制备过程中的晶相变化,以及Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＯ２ 比对反应烧结的影响,进而研究了添加Ｃｒ２Ｏ３ 对反应烧结的影响．研究表明,在反应烧结过程中,莫来石的生成明显滞后于ＺｒＳｉＯ４ 的分解;在相同温度下,ＺｒＳｉＯ４ 的分解程度随Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 的加入量的增加而提高．添加Ｃｒ２Ｏ３ 使莫来石的稳定生成温度提高,此外,Ｃｒ２Ｏ３ 的引入有助于Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 向莫来石中的固溶     

甲醇脱氢制备甲酸甲酯的催化性能研究

将浸渍法制备的Ｃｕ／ＳｉＯ２、Ｃｕ－ＺｎＯ／ＳｉＯ２、Ｃｕ－ＺｎＯ－ＺｒＯ２／ＳｉＯ２,以及Ｃｕ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３、Ｃｕ－ＺｎＯ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３、Ｃｕ－ＺｎＯ－ＺｒＯ２／γ－Ａ六种催化剂应用于甲醇脱氢制甲酸甲酯反应。实验结果表明,以Ａｌ２Ｏ３为载体的催化选择性较差且易积炭失活;加有ＺｎＯ助催化剂的Ｃｕ－ＺｎＯ／ＳｉＯ２性能优于末加助催化剂的Ｃｕ／ＳｉＯ２;加有权助催化剂的Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ－ＺｒＯ２／Ｓｉ     

钾霞石与白榴石对铝碳材料影响的量化从头算

应用量子化学从头算方法探讨了Ａｌ２Ｏ３－Ｃ材料的碱蚀产物－钾霞石与白榴石对Ａｌ２Ｏ３－Ｃ材料的物理，化学性能的影响机理，给出了合理的微观解释。研究表明，Ａｌ２Ｏ３－Ｃ材料在高温碱蚀条件下，其中的Ａｌ２Ｏ３和ＳｉＯ２与Ｋ２Ｏ工Ｋ２ＣＯ３形成ＫＡｌＳｉＯ４及ＫＡｌＳｉ２Ｏ６Ｆ６。使原Ａｌ２Ｏ３中的原子间距增大，结构改变，原子间结合力大大下降。     

碳化硅、氧化锆增韧氧化铝复相陶瓷的研究

在纳米氧铝粉中加入碳化硅晶须和纳米氧化铝粉，通过烧结得到细晶的氧化铝基复相陶瓷，达到了提高氧化铝陶瓷断裂韧性的目的．研究了Ｎａｎｏ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＣ（ｗ）、ＺｒＯ２复相陶瓷的烧结温度、晶粒尺寸、ＳｉＣ（ｗ）含量等对细晶Ａｌ２Ｏ３基复相陶瓷材料断裂韧性的影响．采用纳米Ａｌ２Ｏ３粉，可使烧结温度大幅度下降，在１６００℃即可得到致密的细晶陶瓷材料．ＳｉＣ（ｗ）质量分数ｗ为１８％时可以得到较高的断裂韧性值，ＫＩＣ＝６．９６ＭＰａ·ｍ１／２．晶须增韧的机理仍然是晶须的拔出和断裂．加入ＺｒＯ２后，利用ＺｒＯ２的相变增韧的效果，可以使Ａｌ２Ｏ３基陶瓷材料的断裂韧性进一步提高．     

原位合金化和原位颗粒共同强化铝基复合材料的微观组织

制备了Ａｌ２Ｏ３／Ａｌ－Ｃｕ和Ａｌ２Ｏ３／Ａｌ－Ｃｕ－Ｓｉ原位复合材料,采用ＳＥＭ观察显微组织,ＸＲＤ分 析物相,ＥＤＳ分析相所含元素．初步结果表明,原位合金化和原位颗粒共同强化金属基体是可 行的,合金元素Ｃｕ和Ｓｉ出现在基体中,细小增强颗粒Ａｌ２Ｏ３呈弥散分布．     

Al_2O_3-SiC-C砖基质组成对抗渣性影响

分析了Ａｌ２Ｏ３ＳｉＣＣ砖基质组成对抗渣性影响。实验结果表明,以莫来石为基质的Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＣ－Ｃ砖,其抗渣性优于以刚玉为基质的制品,并用ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２三元系统相图给予了解释。     

烧结法制备Li2O—Al2O3—SiO2系统低膨胀微晶玻璃

本文研究了以Ｌｉ２Ｏ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２系统玻璃为基础，添加Ｌｉ２Ｏ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３＝１：１混合物，用烧结法制备膨胀微晶玻璃。通过ＤＴＡ．Ｘ－射线衍射等鉴定了各样品中析出的主晶相，对各种样品的热膨胀系数亦作了测定。对烧结过程中固相反应的机理，化学组合与晶相组成对热膨胀性能的影响也作了探讨。     

包覆法添加烧结助剂制备Al2O3／SiCp复相陶瓷

通过包覆的方法将烧结助剂Ｙ２Ｏ３均匀地加入到陶瓷粉体中,用无压烧结制备Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＣｐ复相陶瓷材料。在Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＣ混合粉体上覆一层Ｙ（ＯＨ）３后,素坏结构均匀,且有利于提高素坏致密性。在较佳条件下,材料的相对密度和强调分别达到９６．８％和３６４ＭＰａ。     

ZrO_2增韧Al_2O_3／SiCw陶瓷复合材料研究

研究了热压烧结Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋０．２０ＳｉＣｗ（体积分数，下同）－ＺｒＯ２（摩尔分数为０．０２Ｙ２Ｏ３，记为ＺｒＯ２（０．０２Ｙ））陶瓷复合材料的力学性能及韧化机制。结果表明，在Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋０．２０ＳｉＣｗ陶瓷中添加ＺｒＯ２（０．０２Ｙ）颗粒可使Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋０．２０ＳｉＣｗ材料进一步韧化和强化；室温下Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋０．２０ＳｉＣｗ＋０．３０ＺｒＯ２（０．０２Ｙ）复合材料的断裂韧性和抗弯强度分别可达１０．８５ＭＰａ·ｍ１／２和１２０７ＭＰａ。断口形貌和裂纹扩展途径的ＳＥＭ观察和ＸＲＤ分析结果表明，复合材料的增韧机制为裂纹偏转与绕过，晶须桥接与拔出以及相变增韧，并且晶须增韧与相变增韧具有良好的叠加性     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.