汽轮机末级叶片振动特性研究

建立了汽轮机末级叶片的三维有限元模型,分析了叶片的静频和振型,然后计算了叶片在预应力条件下的动频,分析了工作转速对叶片振动特性的影响.最后在振动试验台上开展了叶片静频、动频和振动响应试验,实验结果与数值模拟吻合较好.研究结果表明:叶片的动频比静频大,且动频随转速的增加而增大;转速对低阶频率影响较大;在转速的9倍频激励时发生二阶共振,叶片易产生振动疲劳失效.     

某航空发动机高压压气机盘的振动特性分析

基于含预应力结构模态分析的有限元理论,对某典型航空发动机压气机盘进行振动特性分析。根据初始设计参数,在通用有限元软件中建立起盘的三维有限元模型。首先计算了盘在不旋转时的频率和振型,然后计算了盘在常用转速下存在预应力时的频率和振型,并分析了离心负荷对盘固有振动特性的影响。最后分析了盘的行波振动特性,计算了节径振动的行波频率,考虑盘外缘叶片受到的周期性气体力对盘的激振影响,画出共振特性曲线,为后续结构分析和排故提供依据;同时发现盘的驻波临界转速高于盘的最大工作转速,表明该盘不会发生驻波共振,对保证该发动机的可靠工作具有重要意义。     

动静干涉下压气机叶轮气动激励与振动分析

为研究离心压气机叶轮的气动激励特征及激励作用下的振动特征,建立了单向瞬态流固耦合模型进行计算分析.利用模态分析确定了叶轮的共振工况,在此工况下进行单向瞬态流固耦合计算.讨论了叶轮与进气弯管和出口蜗壳发生动静干涉时,其表面非定常气动激励的时域与频域特征,并进一步讨论了叶轮在此气动激励下振动时的时域与频域特征.结果表明,叶轮共振时的主要振动分量是基频与共振频率处的振动分量,共振频率处较小的气动激励引发了较大的振动幅值;长叶片吸力面前缘等位置处动应力及离心应力较大,是疲劳失效危险点,叶轮易从此处萌生疲劳裂纹并发生疲劳断裂.      

某航空发动机压气机叶-盘耦合振动分析

基于循环对称结构模态分析基本理论,建立并验证压气机叶-盘结构耦合振动特性分析方法和流程。在能够线性求解的前提下,考虑叶-盘间实际连接情况,不忽略叶片榫头与轮盘榫槽间应力状态对振动特性的影响。选取某民航发动机高压压气机第三级叶-盘结构为分析对象,提取结构特征参数,在ANSYS软件中建立起叶-盘结构的三维有限元模型,并进行耦合振动仿真分析。首先计算该叶-盘结构在不旋转工况下的频率和振型,然后计算其在常用转速工况下存在预应力时的频率和振型,分析得到离心载荷对频率和振型的影响规律。最后分析其行波振动特性,计算3节径1,3,5阶行波节径振动频率。考虑外缘叶片受到周期性气体力对叶-盘的激振影响,画出共振特性曲线,为后续结构分析和排故提供依据,同时也为压气机叶-盘结构的振动特性分析提供了便于工程应用的方法。     

自制旋转机械故障模拟试验台的转子振动特性研究

本文采用软件仿真与实验分析相结合的方法,研究了自制旋转机械故障模拟试验台转子的振动特性。使用Solidworks软件对转子进行三维实体建模,并在Altair Hyper Mesh软件中划分网格,导入到ANSYS Workbench软件进行后处理分析。首先通过静力学分析获得双盘转子变形与应力分布情况;考虑陀螺效应的影响,通过模态分析获取固有频率及振型云图;生成Campbell图,分析转子在设定转速区间内振动分量的变化特征;通过谐响应分析获取特定频域内的动态响应。最后进行实验模态分析,并与仿真结果进行对比,从而验证有限元模型的准确性。研究表明：转轴轴肩位置处存在一定程度的应力集中;临界转速远大于工作转速,可有效避免共振;该结构动刚度良好符合设计要求。本文可为该类型转子的振动特性分析提供参考,并为旋转机械故障的模拟实验起到了一定的指导作用。     

某发动机高压压气机第三级转子叶片模态分析

选取某民用航空发动机高压压气机第三级转子叶片为分析对象,在介绍模态分析基本理论的基础上,于有限元软件ANSYS Workbench中建立起叶片的三维有限元模型,并对叶片的固有模态及共振特性进行了数值分析,得到该叶片在静止情况下、常用转速工况下的固有频率和振型。最后分析了该级叶片前后的整流环静叶在气流通道中形成的尾流激振力,对该级转子叶片的影响,画出叶片共振图。利用共振图可以找出共振时,叶片的频率、振型和激振力频率,为后续结构分析和排故提供依据。     

复合材料风机叶片有限元模态分析

动态性能对叶片疲劳和可靠性有很大影响.为了减少动态性能的影响,振动研究常用于避免共振.目前,对叶片振动研究的模型因为没有全面考虑叶片的材料和结构的复杂性而存在不足,本文在abaqus环境下,建立复合材料叶片,划分网格,施加约束,采用有限元方法进行模态分析,得到六阶固有振动频率、振型等参数值.同时讨论复合材料叶片动力刚化...     

离心压缩机叶轮叶片疲劳断裂故障的数值分析

采用有限元方法计算了离心压缩机叶轮叶片的前14阶模态和离心力作用下的静应力,并采用单向流固耦合方法计算了叶轮叶片在非定常气动力载荷下的等效交变应力．为了节省计算成本,离心叶轮采用满足循环对称条件的单扇区模型．计算结果表明：非定常气动力载荷的主频率落入叶轮叶片第6阶固有频率的共振区,导致在叶轮叶片的前缘附近区域形成局部共振,使该区域的等效应力最大;离心叶轮叶片在离心力和非定常气动力共同作用下形成的交变应力小于工作条件下的屈服应力,不会形成叶片的塑性破坏,但交变载荷的长期作用导致了叶片前缘区域的高周疲劳破坏．预测的叶片应力集中位置和实际断裂位置一致,表明了该方法在工程实践中的有效性．     

风力机叶片与整机的预应力振动模态分析

为了研究10 kW水平轴风力机叶片及整机的振动情况,通过建立其模态分析计算模型和预应力模态分析计算模型的方法,对旋转叶片施加风载荷和旋转离心力,在完成网格划分、载荷与约束条件的添加后,进行了预应力下的振动模态分析,并将几种工况下的固有频率进行了对比并得出结论.结果表明：仅有风载荷工况时,叶片和整机的固有频率基本没有变化;当同时有风载荷和旋转离心力时,随着风速的增加,固有频率有比较明显的增加,但当风速达到一定程度时,不再发生变化.     

碟式分离机"转鼓-转轴-支承"系统的振动研究

全面推导了“转鼓-转轴-支承“系统的系统振动方程、转轴弯曲振动微分方程及其简化方程、主振型方程和频率方程,给出了某型号分离机前三阶临界转速与主振型的计算结果,讨论了临界转速的影响因素.文章最后给出了系统共振转速的测试结论和测得的分离机振动频谱图.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to