池州地区锰矿石主要物质组分探讨

本文通过池州地区往年锰矿资源的地质调查过程中,对本区锰矿床主要矿石类型物质组分的化学分析和岩矿鉴定成果进行了总结.池州地区锰矿床两个丰要矿床类型中,原生的沉积型碳酸锰矿床矿石以锰方解石-含锰方解石为主要的矿石矿物;风化型锰矿床矿石中,以硬锰矿、软锰矿、水锰矿为主耍的矿石矿物,次要矿石矿物为锰方解石～含锰方解石.作为沉积型碳酸锰矿石中的重要矿石矿物菱锰矿并没有被广泛发现.本区的硬锰矿为广义的硬锰矿,作为矿物种的硬锰矿并没有被广泛发现.     

阿尔金锰矿带地质特征、矿床成因及成矿远景分析

随着青砂沟大型锰矿床的发现,进一步证实了阿尔金东段蓟县系确有一个含锰层位,这套含锰岩系为蓟县系第二岩组（Jx2）的硅质碳酸盐组合,为烟紫色含锰白云质砂岩、含锰砂质、硅质白云岩,局部夹锰矿化层.介绍了区域地质背景,剖析典型矿床,力从矿区地质特征、矿石类型等方面,对矿床成因进行分析,指出成矿远景.     

贵州西部二叠系茅口组顶部古风化壳型铁矿地球化学特征及控制因素

贵州西部中、上二叠统界线附近普遍发育与玄武岩风化壳有关的铁-多金属矿化。本文通过对贵州西部普安地区二叠系茅口组顶部古风化壳型铁矿详细野外地质调查发现,玄武岩风化壳剖面普遍发育铁矿化,但铁矿体主要呈透镜体产于喀斯特洼地或溶斗之中,剖面上表现为Fe由上而下运移富集的特征。7件岩(矿)石样品地球化学分析表明,贵州西部普安地区二叠系茅口组顶部玄武岩风化壳普遍富集Fe、Ti、Al的氧化物,As、Sb、Cu、Nb、V、U、Zr等亲硫及高场强元素。该区部分样品TFe2O3、Ti O2含量达到工业品位,Al2O3也呈不同程度富集,具有铁-多金属富集的特征。此外,研究区Fe倾向于喀斯特洼地富集,而Ti、Al则倾向于残留喀斯特斜坡富集,具Al、Ti与Fe差异性分离的特征,这可能与玄武岩间歇性喷溢,古地理特征,风化作用及频繁海侵、海退事件关系密切。综合研究表明,峨眉山地幔柱活动推动了贵州西部古地理格局的演化(喀斯特不整合洼地),并造就了(矿源层)高铁钛玄武岩堆积。贵州西部二叠系茅口组顶部古风化淋滤作用及古地理格局演化对Fe的迁移及富集具有显著的控制作用。因此,对于贵州西部二叠系茅口顶部玄武岩风化壳及其古地理恢复的研究是寻找玄武岩风化壳型铁矿床的重要基础。     

江苏某地铅锌锰矿床中锰矿物的初步研究

江苏某地铅锌锰矿床中锰矿物成分经笔者初步研究确定有菱锰矿、锰方解石的含锰碳酸盐系列,和软锰矿、拉锰矿、水软锰矿、锰胶、硬锰矿、钙锰矿的含锰氧化物系列。笔者在鉴定上述锰矿物的性质和成分上广泛应用了室内矿物研究方法,其中包括镜下鉴定、折射率测定、伦琴射线物相分析、差热分析、失重试验、化学分析和光谱分析。並结合锰矿物成分的研究,笔者同时对上述锰矿物的成因、分布状况、形成顺序和共生关系亦作了初步的观察和分析。最后笔者基於上述的实际工作,作出了五点基本结论。从而为氧化带锰矿石的利用提供了矿物学资料,通过对锰矿物成分及成因的研究,对预测原生矿石的可能成分,提供了可靠的根据。     

井研-犍为地区麦地坪组-筇竹寺组沉积相特征

井研—犍为地区麦地坪组—筇竹寺组是四川盆地下寒武统页岩气勘探的重要阵地,但沉积特征研究相对薄弱。通过岩心描述和测井资料分析对研究区麦地坪—筇竹寺组进行沉积相特征分析及总结。麦地坪组发育深灰—灰黑色磷质细晶白云岩、灰黑色—黑色含粉砂质页岩与硅质磷块岩互层,硅质结核及水平层理发育,顶部见灰色—深灰色岩屑石英粉砂岩与灰黑色粉砂质泥岩互层,泥岩与粉砂岩突变接触,发育冲刷面、包卷层理、泄水构造以及粉砂岩中的泥粒定向排列,为典型重力流沉积;筇竹寺组发育灰黑色—深灰色页岩、粉砂质页岩与灰色—深灰色钙质细粒岩屑砂岩、灰质粉砂岩、泥质粉砂岩不等厚互层,块状及水平层理,顶部见波状层理和小型交错层理,黄铁矿发育,三叶虫和高肌虫化石发育。建立了2个三叶虫化石带:尖头遵义盘虫(Tsunyidiscus acutus)—阎家寨遵义盘虫(Tsunyidiscus yanjiazhaiensis)带和始莱得利基虫(Eoredlichia)—武定虫属(Wutingaspis)带,以及3个高肌虫化石带:梁山虫(Liangshanella)—小遵义虫(Tsunyiella)化石带、峨眉虫(Emeiella)—粗脊昆明虫[Kunmingella(Validocostatella)fusulus]化石带和朵氏昆明虫(Kunmingella douville)—卵形川滇虫[Chuandianella ovata(Lee)]—简单虫(Mononotella)化石带。研究区受兴凯地裂运动控制,位于坳拉槽西侧缓坡带中,为陆棚相沉积。识别出浅水陆棚、深水陆棚和坳拉槽3个亚相,以及滩坝、砂泥质浅水陆棚、浊积砂、砂泥质深水陆棚、泥质深水陆棚和坳拉槽底共计6个沉积微相。麦地坪组主要发育构造作用下的深水沉积,其顶部发育重力流沉积,富含磷元素,含少量黄铁矿;筇竹寺组发育较稳定构造背景下的陆棚沉积,具有以泥岩沉积为主,磷元素含量低,局部富含黄铁矿等特征。     

川东南地区茅口组古岩溶发育特征及勘探领域

近期勘探突破表明茅口组储层在川东南地区具有较大的勘探潜力。通过古岩溶纵向划分、地震反射特征分类展布研究及恢复古地貌等方法对茅口组古岩溶发育特征进行了深入研究。茅口组灰岩古岩溶纵向上可划分为垂直渗流带、水平潜流带、深部缓流带,其中垂直渗流带和水平潜流带是储层发育的有利岩溶相带。地震上发育"斜亮点"和"变振幅"两种古岩溶储层类型,集中分布在岩溶斜坡的隆盛及天堂坝—四面山地区。綦江—涪陵处于官渡岩溶高地的东斜坡,勘探领域广阔。     

贵州中北部铝土矿若干微量元素特征及其成因意义

根据贵州中，北部若干铝土矿床中各类铝土矿石，粘土岩和下伏及上覆岩石中微量元素Ｓｒ，Ｂａ，Ｇａ，Ｖ，Ｚｒ的定量分析资料与Ｓｒ／Ｂａ，Ｂ／Ｇａ，Ｖ／Ｚｒ比值和比值曲线，以及由硼的含量算出的校正硼，相当硼一和含盐度，结合区域地质背景及含矿岩系剖面，讨论了铝土矿带的形成环境，指出修文铝土矿带和遵义铝土矿带在微量元素方面的差别，反映了二者在沉积成矿环境上的差异，前者形成于淡化泻湖一滨海沼泽环境，后者形成了滨     

贵州乌当地区泥盆系乌当组下部粘土岩成因的初步研究

于贵州乌当地区泥盆系乌当组下部发现了3层粘土岩,运用X射线衍射（XRD）、湿化学法和电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP—MS）等分析方法分别对其矿物组成、主量元素及微量元素含量进行分析。结果显示这3层粘土岩中的粘土矿物主要为蒙脱石和伊利石,同时含少量高岭石。粘土岩的K2O含量范围为5．60％～7．77％,平均值为6．92％,...     

金矿化地质地球化学特征

作者发现金矿（化）点２０余处，包括４个类型：（１）受花岗岩中相关剪切带控制的黄铁绢英岩金矿；（２）多金属硫化物石英型脉型金银矿；（３）陆相含炭岩系沉积改造层控金矿；（４）陆相砾岩金矿。（１）、（３）两种类型金矿具工业规模。黄铁绢英岩金矿主要赋存在以胶东群为交代基体的重熔花岗岩或交代花岗岩的构造蚀变带中心。这类构造蚀变带是遭受长期构造应力作用并叠加后期构造破裂经热液蚀变形成的。成矿热液为中温碱性溶液，金多呈金氯络合物形式被活化搬运。该类型金矿与强绢英岩化蚀变关系密切，在韧性剪切带基础上发育的蚀变糜棱岩化花岗岩带上等间距成群出现。陆相含炭岩系沉积改造层控金矿，为缓倾斜层状、似层状、透镜状矿体，受下白垩统莱阳群一段上、下含炭岩系控制。金矿在上、下含炭岩系中多层出现。此类矿床为晚元古代胶北地体隆起为陆，风化剥蚀产物沉积在中生代断陷盆地陆相湖泊基底堆积物中，由于盆地底部丰富的有机质及粘土对古风化产物中分解的自然金的富集作用形成了富金矿源层，ＡＵ：１４－８００ｐｐｂ。在燕山晚期强烈构造变动影响下，成矿热液活动，有机炭在矿床改造过程中进一步富金作用，形成工业矿床。这是一新类型金矿。     

滇东南斗南锰矿重力流沉积及其聚锰环境

通过对含锰岩系和锰矿体的沉积相研究,认为滇东南中三叠统法郎组斗南锰矿具重力流沉积特征。锰质颗粒的搬运可识别出颗粒流及其衍生的变密度颗粒流和浊流三种方式,由流体性质转化引起主要聚锰环境下斜坡和坡底不同密度流的异地堆积和富集成矿作用,出现同一矿化层中矿体随重力流流动方向由厚变薄、品位降低,及不同矿石组构的分带性。对应两次热水成锰事件,法郎组含锰层位向北东抬升,下斜坡—坡底相的有利聚锰环境随之同方向迁移,受明苏断裂同沉积活动控制。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.