Effects of Fe<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> on the properties of ceramics from steel slag

Ferric oxide is one of the key factors affecting both the microstructure and the properties of CaO-MgO-SiO₂-based ceramics. Research on this effect is significant in the utilization of iron-rich solid wastes in ceramics. Ceramic samples with various Fe₂O₃ contents (0wt%, 5wt%, and 10wt%) were prepared and the corresponding physical properties and microstructure were studied. The results indicated that Fe₂O₃ not only played a fluxing role, but also promoted the formation of crystals. Ceramics with 5wt% of Fe₂O₃ addition attained the best mechanical properties with a flexural strength of 132.9 MPa. Iron ions were dissolved into diopside, consequently causing phase transformation from diopside and protoenstatite to augite, thereby contributing to the enhancement of its properties. An excess amount of Fe₂O₃ addition (10wt% or more) resulted in deteriorated properties due to the generation of an excess volume of liquid and the formation of high-porosity structures within ceramics.     

过量PbO对PMW-PNN-PT基陶瓷微观结构和介电性能的影响

目的 研究过量PbO对0．25Pb（Mg1/2W1/2）O3-0．41Pb（Ni1/3Nb2/3）O3-0．34PbTiO3＋5％ WO3＋0．25％MnO2＋xPbO陶瓷（简写为PMW-PNN-PT基陶瓷，x=0，0．04，0．06，0．08）的相组成、微观结构和介电性能的影响规律。方法用半化学法制备了PMW-PNN-PT基陶瓷，通过对预烧粉体和陶瓷的XRD分析确定其相组成，用扫描电镜观察陶瓷的微观形貌，用LCR测试仪测试陶瓷的介电性能。结果随PbO含量的增加，预烧粉体中立方焦绿石相Pb3Nb4O13（简写为P3N2）逐渐减少，三方焦绿石相Pb2Nb2O7（简写为P2N）逐渐增多；过量PbO可以增加陶瓷中的钙钛矿相含量，减少P3N2和Pb2WO5的含量，使陶瓷的晶界逐渐清晰，晶粒发育良好，陶瓷的介电常数逐渐增大，但介电温度稳定性逐渐变差。结论采用半化学法制得了高介电温度稳定性的未过量PbO的PM-PNN-PT基陶瓷，其介电常数高于日本TDK公司的同类产品。     

Simultaneous acquisition of Fe_3O_4 monocrystals:Tunable magnetic properties with various morphologies

Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles(NPs) with a face-centered cubic(fcc) structure and two different morphologies(nanospheres and nanoprisms) were synthesized by a facile one-step method.The synthesized Fe_3O_4 nanospheres and nanoprisms were monocrystalline and separable in a magnetic field.In different volume ratios of oleylamine(OAm) to dibenzyl ether,the sizes of the prepared Fe_3O_4 NPs ranged from 5 to 21 nm.The OAm amount in the synthesis can significantly control the morphology of Fe_3O_4 NPs.As the OAm content increased from 10 ml to 30 ml,the faceted nanoprisms shrank while the nanospheres enlarged.At an OAm content of 25 ml,the nanoprisms diminished while more hexagonal and sphere-like particles appeared,implying a critical point of morphology transition from triangle to hexagon.The magnetic properties also depended on the NP morphology and size.The prepared Fe_3O_4 NPs are promising candidates in medical applications such as magnetic resonance imaging,targeted drug delivery,blood purification,and tumor hyperthermia.     

Reinforcing effect of graphene on the mechanical properties of Al_2O_3/TiC ceramics

Multilayer graphene(MLG)-reinforced Al_2O_3/TiC ceramics were fabricated through hot pressing sintering, and the reinforcing effect of MLG on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites was investigated by experiment and simulation. The simulation of dynamic crack initiation and propagation was investigated based on the cohesive zone method. The results show that the composite added with 0.2 wt% MLG has excellent flexural strength and high fracture toughness. The major reinforcing mechanisms are the synergistic effect by strong and weak bonding interfaces, MLG pull-out, and grain refinement resulting from the addition of MLG. In addition, the aggravating of crack deflection, branching, blunting, and bridging have indispensable contribution to the improvement of the as-designed materials.     

Effects of BN content on the mechanical properties of nanocrystalline 3Y-TZP/Al_2O_3/BN dental ceramics

3 Y-TZP/3 wt% Al_2O_3 powder was coated with varying amounts of BN using the urea and borate reaction sintering method, and then multiphase ceramics were prepared by hot pressing sintering. The micro-topography and the compositional analysis of synthesized ceramics were conducted through scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. A mechanical tester was used to analyze the Vickers hardness, fracture toughness, and bending strength of the synthesized ceramics. The results showed that the ceramic with a BN content of 12 wt% showed the best processability, but had diminished mechanical properties(such as fracture toughness and bending strength). The ceramic with a BN content of 9 wt% showed better processability than those with 3 wt% and 6 wt% BN. However, the fracture toughness was affected by the addition of 9 wt% BN, making this ceramic only usable as a base material for a three-unit fixed bridge. In contrast, the ceramics with a BN content of 3 wt% or 6 wt% fulfilled the criteria for use in multi-unit restoration, but their low processability made them unsuitable for milling after sintering.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备的Co0.7Fe2.3O4纳米晶薄膜结构与磁性

采用柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法在玻璃衬底上制备了钴铁氧体Co0.7Fe2.3O4纳米晶薄膜.用X射线衍射仪、振动样品磁强计对不同热处理温度样品的结构及磁性进行了测量与分析.测量结果表明,退火400℃时样品已生成单一的尖晶石结构,晶粒尺寸变化范围在15~33 nm之间,样品的磁性能强烈地依赖于退火温度的变化;550℃时退火样品获得最大矫顽力1475 Oe.Co0.7Fe2.3O4薄膜还具有平行膜面方向的择优取向.     

绿色熟料水泥的研究(续)

4.熟料的组成及煅烧实验表明,熟料的矿物组成及着色离子的掺量对水泥的强度、色彩以及水泥制品颜色的稳定性都能产生较大的影响。作者从大量方案中筛选出如表2所示的几组具有代表性的绿色水泥熟料,目的在于获得尽可能高的强度和颜色稳定的绿色水泥。熟料的烧成温度控制在1300～1450℃范围内,并在烧成温度下保温1小时。熟料出炉后用风急冷至室温,磨细后用 BDJ—D 型百度计测其色彩     

稀土氧化物对氧化铝复相陶瓷显微结构和力学性能的影响

研究了Y2O3,CeO2,La2O3等稀土氧化物及复合稀土氧化物对热压烧结法制备氧化锆增韧氧化铝复相陶瓷力学性能和显微组织的影响.结果表明,适量的稀土氧化物添加剂可改善氧化铝陶瓷的显微结构,加速烧结,有利于致密化并保持较好的力学性能.不同稀土氧化物及添加量对氧化铝陶瓷的显微结构和力学性能具有不同的影响.     

聚(丙烯酸-丙烯酸羟乙酯)/Fe3O4磁流体的制备及表征

用聚(丙烯酸-丙烯酸羟乙酯)[P(AA-co-HEA)]处理纳米Fe3O4粒子,制备了以配位键结合的分散稳定的磁流体。用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)和核磁共振谱(NMR)对P(AA-co-HEA)的分子量和共聚物两组分的含量进行了表征,用透射电镜(TEM),红外光谱(FT-IR),紫外-可见光谱(UV-v is)和磁性能测量系统(M PM S)对P(AA-co-HEA)/Fe3O4复合材料进行了表征。结果表明:处理后的Fe3O4粒子粒径为10 nm左右,共聚物中丙烯酸组分通过配位键结合在Fe3O4粒子表面,悬浮液分散稳定并且具有对外磁场快速响应的特点,其复合材料还具有超顺磁性的特性。     

磁性Fe3O4明胶复合纳米粒子的制备与表征

用化学共沉淀法制备磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子,然后用异丙醇为凝聚剂采用单凝聚法制备磁性Fe3O4明胶复合纳米粒子。考察了明胶浓度与异丙醇的体积以及Fe3O4含量对粒径分布及性能的关系。采用透射电子显微镜和Zetasizer粒度分析仪测量磁性明胶复合纳米粒子的平均粒径,X射线衍射仪和红外光谱以及热重及差热分析进行结构和热稳定分析。结果表明磁性Fe3O4明胶复合纳米粒子中的Fe3O4纳米粒子被明胶所包覆,而且粒径很小,具有良好的热稳定性。     

有机包覆对磁性聚乳酸复合材料力学和介电性能的影响

合成了磁性纳米Fe_3O_4粒子,并通过有机包覆制备了磁性复合微球,进而分别以铁粒子和微球为填充相制备了两种磁性聚乳酸复合材料,研究比较了不同复合材料的力学性能、结晶,性能及介电性能,探讨了有机包覆对复合材料微观相态及界面特征的影响.结果发现,有机包覆可提高无机铁粒子与聚合物基体的相容性,使得复合材料的韧性大幅提高,同时有机包覆使得无机粒子与聚乳酸分子之间存在强相互作用,从而减少了界面缺陷,改善了复合材料的介电性能.     

BiFeO3-PbTiO3系高温压电陶瓷的阻抗谱分析

采用交流阻抗谱分析0.63(Bi_0.94La_0.06)(Ca_0.05Fe_0.95)O₃-0.37PbTiO₃（BLGF-PT）高温压电陶瓷的导电机制.阻抗谱和模谱分析表明,BLGF-PT的绝缘性能主要由晶粒贡献,BLGF-PT陶瓷的电学等效电路可以用一个电阻和一个通用电容器并联构成.由阻抗谱计算得出的晶粒电阻率随温度的升高而下降,载流子的激活能为0.88 eV.     

磁性Fe_3O_4/α-Fe_2O_3核壳材料降解水中亚甲基蓝

以Fe_3O_4为核,以α-Fe_2O_3为壳层,合成出一种核壳结构的Fe_3O_4/α-Fe_2O_3纳米复合材料.采用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和X-射线衍射仪(XRD)等表征手段对核壳材料的形貌、组成及结构等进行了表征,并将其应用于亚甲基蓝溶液的降解.结果表明:核壳结构的Fe_3O_4/α-Fe_2O_3纳米粒子粒径约为50~80nm.当H_2O_2用量为0.23mol/L,Fe_3O_4/α-Fe_2O_3投加量为5g/L,pH值为2,亚甲基蓝溶液初始质量浓度为5.0mg/L,60min内亚甲基蓝的降解可达98.7%.Fe_3O_4/α-Fe_2O_3纳米粒子经过3次循环使用后,对亚甲基蓝仍具有较好的降解能力.     

气体爆燃喷涂铁铝涂层显微结构研究

采用气体爆燃喷涂技术制备的铁铝涂层具有良好的耐蚀性能.该涂层与铁铝粉末原料相比较,其成分、结构均存在较大的差异.对该涂层的微观结构进行分析,能够为涂层的耐蚀性能研究提供可靠的实验依据.按照已确定的气体爆燃喷涂(DGS)工艺,制备了耐蚀的铁铝涂层.使用光学显微镜、XRD、TEM、电子探针分析了涂层的微观结构和各相的成分.结果表明,涂层中含有Fe4Al13、FeAl和Al2O3相;喷涂后原料粉末发生了复杂的相变,由Fe4Al13相大部分转变成为FeAl相组织和Al2O3合金颗粒,生成了非晶组织和细小晶粒组织;以上各相具有良好的耐腐蚀性能.     

Complementation in the composition of steel slag and red mud for preparation of novel ceramics

A method for preparing novel ceramics was developed in this study. Different ratios red muds were added to steel slags to optimize the preparation of novel ceramics by a traditional ceramic preparation process. The sintering mechanism, microstructure, and performance were studied by X-ray diffraction techniques, scanning electron microscopy, and combined experiments of linear shrinkage, water absorption, and flexural strength. The results confirmed that red mud can reduce the volumetric instabilities through the complementarity of red mud and ferroalloy slag. The crystal phases in the ceramics are all pyroxene group minerals, including diopside ferrian, augite, and diopside. The flexural strength of the ceramic that contains 40wt% red mud and was prepared at the optimal sintering temperature (1140℃) is greater than 93 MPa; its corresponding water absorption is less than 0.05%.     

催化剂、基底对ECR-CVD法制备碳纳米管的影响

采用电子回旋共振微波等离子体化学气相沉积技术(ECR CVD),CH4和H2为气源,分别以Fe3O4,Co纳米粒子及Fe(NO)3溶胶为催化剂在多孔硅基底上制备了碳纳米管;在Si(111)和石英基底上以Fe3O4纳米粒子为催化剂实现了碳纳米管的生长·使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)对样品的形貌、尺寸及结构进行表征·讨论了催化剂和基底对碳纳米管形貌、密度和取向性的影响·结果表明:催化剂影响碳纳米管的成核密度和生长速度,基底通过影响催化剂的特性和分布均匀性,对碳纳米管的形貌和生长模式产生重要影响,以Fe3O4为催化剂在多孔硅上实现了碳纳米管的最优定向生长·     

磁性固相萃取-液相色谱法测定环境水样中多种碱性染料

采用化学共沉淀法制备了Fe3O4磁性纳米材料(Fe3O4MNPs),通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对其进行了结构表征,结果表明,Fe3O4MNPs呈球状,大小均匀,平均直径小于50 nm,具有良好顺磁性.使用十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)修饰的方法,应用该磁性纳米材料成功吸附富集了环境水中多种碱性工业染料.通过分析p H、SDS质量浓度、Fe3O4MNPs和Fe3O4MNPs/SDS的Zeta电位对吸附能力的影响,推测吸附机理主要基于半胶束/胶束与碱性染料间的静电作用.以此为基础,建立了磁性固相萃取-高效液相色谱测定环境水样中的碱性嫩黄O、碱性橙21、碱性橙22和罗丹明B含量的分析方法,并对SDS加入量、溶液p H值、Fe3O4MNPs质量浓度和解析溶剂进行了优化.在优化的条件下,富集因子超过100倍,4种染料在0.05~0.5 mg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数R均大于0.999 7;加标回收实验测得4种染料的回收率为96.1%~108.7%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.08%~2.35%.方法操作简单,结果准确,重现性好,表明该纳米材料经SDS修饰后,在环境水中染料的吸附富集,检测预处理方面有着广泛的应用潜力.     

含铁添加剂对水泥窑方镁石-尖晶石砖性能的影响

在方镁石_尖晶石材料中 ,加入三种不同类型的含Fe2 O3 添加剂 ,均能提高材料的常温性能、热稳定性和挂窑皮性 .用加入适量的含Fe2 O3 添加剂的方镁石_尖晶石砖来代替水泥窑烧成带的镁铬砖 ,可以解决铬污染问题     

磁性纳米固体超强酸的制备研究

制备了ZrO2/Fe3O4磁性固体酸催化剂,利用XRD、DTA、IR等手段研究了磁性基质对ZrO2的粒子大小、晶化温度、晶型结构及超强酸中心的影响.通过酯化反应考察磁性固体超强酸的催化特性及通过催化寿命实验考察了催化剂的寿命变化情况.结果表明,Co0.5Fe2.5O4磁性基质的引入不但赋予了催化剂以磁性,而且在固体超强酸形成过程中起到延迟ZrO2由四方晶相向单斜晶相的转变,这有助于提高样品的强酸性和催化活性.     

磁性Fe3O4纳米微粒的水热合成及表征

以FeC l2.4H2O和FeC l3.6H2O为原料,采用水热法合成了Fe3O4磁性纳米微粒.考察了不同氧化还原剂,螯合剂和表面活性剂等因素对产物形貌和尺寸的影响,运用透射电镜(TEM)、红外光谱(FTIR)和X-射线衍射(XRD)对其微结构进行了表征,还用振动样品磁强计(VSM)对样品的基本磁性能进行了表征.