基于非定常边界元法的振动翼水动力性能研究

讨论了非定常边界元法的构建过程、数值模型、程序结构,建立了可以计及自由面影响的振动翼水动力性能计算模型;并采用该法在时域中进行了计算和研究.计算中采用了时变的尾涡面和时步迭代法.基于格林定理在边界面上布置Rankine源和偶极子,并采用时域方法求解自由面问题.经过数值计算结果与试验数据的对比,验证了计算模型的可行性和可靠性,表明该方法是研究振动翼非定常水动力性能的有效算法.     

基于拉格朗日方法的水翼尾缘非定常涡旋结构研究

湍流中涡旋结构的非定常脱落是普遍存在的,其脱落规律的研究具有广泛的工程应用背景,探索有效的涡旋结构预测方法具有重大意义. 采用基于拉格朗日体系的有限时间李雅普诺夫指数方法对水翼尾缘附近涡旋结构的非定常发展过程进行研究. 采用大涡模拟方法对水翼周围湍流场进行计算,通过与实验结果进行对比,验证数值模拟方法的合理性与准确性. 并在此基础上,对水翼尾缘的非定常涡旋结构进行分析. 结果表明:尾缘涡旋非定常动态行为导致水翼动力特征准周期性波动. 有限时间李雅普诺夫指数方法可以准确描述尾缘涡的非定常流动细节,拉格朗日拟序结构可以捕捉水翼尾缘涡旋结构和尾迹涡街结构的边界.      

仿鱼类游动模式下的摆动翼水动力性能研究

以二维NACA0012水翼为计算模型,基于计算流体力学(CFD)方法,采用RNGk-ε湍流模型,利用动网格技术,数值计算了不同斯特哈尔数(St)下正弦摆动模式(SM)水翼的平均推力系数,通过与实验对比,验证了计算方法的有效性.基于鱼类身躯的柔性波动,建立了仿鱼类摆动模式(FM)水翼的动力学模型,探讨了不同侧向平移幅值下,两种模式水翼的推进性能.计算结果表明:FM水翼的平均推力始终大于SM水翼,侧向平移幅值为0.8c (c为水翼弦长)处,有最大增量7.2%.尾涡分析表明:侧向平移幅值较小时,两种模式水翼脱落涡呈反卡门涡街形式,FM水翼脱落涡强度高、耗散快;随着侧向平移幅值增大,涡系诱导作用增强,侧向射流增强.     

非平直面二维地效翼性能时域计算

基于格林定理在时域中推导了适用于任意地形的二维机翼地效翼性能的计算方法.静止坐标系上,在所有边界布置兰金源和偶极子,对满足物面边界条件和尾涡面库塔条件的积分方程进行数值离散.翼表面网格坐标和尾涡面上的偶极强度随时间步进变化.将平直地面下NACA0012翼型升力系数随攻角变化的时域计算结果与已发表的试验数据进行比较,结果表明本文时域计算地效翼问题可行.最后讨论了地形变化对机翼升力的影响,进而非直平面二维地效翼性能计算可发展为自由面上的地效翼性能计算.     

前置水翼对摆动翼水动力性能影响机理研究

为研究双体干扰对摆动翼水动力性能的影响机理,基于计算流体力学(CFD)方法,针对均匀来流、前置水翼刚性静止及柔性波动尾流场中摆动翼的水动力性能开展数值研究．通过改变摆动翼的平移幅值和运动频率计算推力系数、功率消耗及推进效率的变化趋势,以流场的压力分布云图、纵向速度分布云图及涡结构的演变特征分析前置水翼对摆动翼推进性能影响的机理．计算结果表明：前置水翼的存在能够提升摆动翼的推进性能,并且前置水翼进行柔性波动运动时摆动翼的推进性能最优;前置水翼的尾缘脱落的涡能够融于摆动翼表面的附着涡,提升附着涡的强度;上游的柔性波动水翼尾缘处脱落一个强度较大的尾缘涡,对摆动翼表面的附着涡产生挤压作用,提升附着涡的强度并加速附着涡的脱落．     

三维机翼尾涡卷曲的数值模拟

为使三维机翼尾涡卷曲更加真实,在计算诱导速度时引入衰减函数和有限半径涡核分别体现流体黏性作用下尾涡强度的衰减和尾涡扩散.应用面元法解析式计算奇点的诱导速度,在偶极附近区域用涡环代替偶极,利用尾涡面上的运动学条件来确定尾涡面的卷曲形状.数值模拟结果表明:涡核半径参数有一最佳值;考虑尾涡衰减可使卷曲更接近实验结果;采用曲线拟合方法确定衰减函数是可行的.     

一种外旋蜗尾船型的势伴流场数值模拟与分析

采用涡环栅格法并结合Hess-Smith方法,建立了一种计算任意三维物体统流的源汇-偶极子复合奇点法,提出了蜗尾船型势流场的计算模型.对长江优秀船型东方红11号(DO11)及其外旋蜗尾改型进行了计算,结果表明:DO11外蜗改型船桨盘面处的周向和径向合成伴流计算结果与流场测量结果定性一致.     

3-D段涡的兴波数值计算

基于段涡的线性兴波理论分析，给出了段涡的线性兴波速度势和自由表面波形的计算公式，提供了数值计算方法并且给出了相应的数值计算结果．由计算结果可以看出段涡兴波的自由表面形状特征与段涡的长短、段涡离自由表面的距离的关系以及来流速度的大小对段涡兴波的影响，为水翼的兴波问题的计算提供了基础。     

三维摆动水翼仿生推进水动力分析

为了观察三维摆动水翼运动时表面压力的分布以及对流场域的影响,以NACA翼型和展弦比为1.5的NACA0012翼型为算例,采用计算流体力学方法分析了摆动水翼的水动力特性。为了提高网格质量,计算域被分为包含摆动水翼的运动域、包含摆动水翼的尾流场域以及除此之外的静止域3部分,并采用不同的网格划分条件对其进行离散,离散方程采用k-ω湍流模型求解,静止域和流体域之间采用重叠网格方法实现模拟,并利用交界面技术实现数据传递。分析了不同斯特罗哈尔数(St)条件下摆动水翼所受的推力、升力和力矩,研究了流场中速度以及压力分布,通过数值结果分析尾涡产生的机理。     

潜体近水面航行兴波阻力计算

基于格林定理,将Rankine源和偶极子置于边界面上,用时间步进法计算了潜体近自由面航行的兴波阻力,构建了一种在时域中求解兴波阻力的计算方法.该方法是时域算法,其特点是从初值开始,利用非定常的自由面条件,通过时间步进迭代而逐步达到稳态.这种求解模式对于定常和非定常问题都适用.文中确定了计算模型和参数,数值计算结果与试验结果对比,证实了本方法是一种可行、可靠的时域算法.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to