SVM与组合矩在工件识别中的应用研究

针对工件识别问题,提出了一种应用支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)与组合矩对工件进行识别的方法;通过对提取图像的Hu不变矩进行处理,形成利用组合矩进行工件识别的新方法;改进后的算法降低了特征维数,缩减了识别时间,提高了识别准确率;结合试验比较了两种方法的分类效果,其中提取Hu不变矩作为特征的识别率为82.3%,而采用组合矩作为特征的识别率高达94.1%,高于Hu不变矩作为特征的识别率.     

基于MFCC特征组合参数的说话人识别研究

为提高说话人识别系统的识别率,提出了一种提取Mel频率倒谱系数（MFCC）与差分特征组合参数的方法:先对传统的MFCC参数进行特征分量归一化处理,提升MFCC系数的噪声鲁棒性;再用高斯混合模型(GMM)构建了说话人识别系统。使用TIMIT语音库进行实验测试,并比较了不同高斯混合数的MFCC特征参数组合对识别率的影响。结果表明:使用改进的MFCC混合参数明显地提高了说话人的识别率。     

基于S变换和双向二维主成分分析的局部放电模式识别

为对不同类型局部放电信号进行识别,笔者提出一种新的特征提取方法.首先,制作了4种典型的局部放电人工缺陷模型,并通过S变换对采集的局部放电UHF信号进行时频分析;然后,采用双向二维主成分分析(2DPCA)对S变换幅值矩阵进行压缩以提取特征;最后,引入基于粒子群算法优化参数的支持向量机对样本特征集进行模式识别.识别结果表明:4种特征维数组合中,(10,5)组合的平均识别率最高,(5,5)组合最低;粒子群优化算法的引入大幅提高了支持向量机的分类性能,平均识别率均在94.43％以上,最高可达到97.67％.由此可见,经过S变换和双向2DPCA提取的特征集在维数显著约减的同时,保留了原始数据大部分信息量,能够获得较为理想的分类识别率.     

一种新的基于DCT变换的人脸表征

DCT变换是一种与KL变换非常相似的次最优变换算法.由于它独立于信号量,并且在维数下降、特征提取方面都非常接近经典的KL变换算法,因此DCT变换已经适用于模式识别领域.文章针对人脸图像,基于DCT变换,提出了一种融合整体DCT变换和分块加权DCT变换提取人脸图像的整体特征系数和局部特征系数,用于人脸表征的新方法.实验结果表明,本方法无论是在识别率还是在时间性能方面都优于传统的KL变换.     

基于分形维数和SVM的新疆民间艺术图案分类

针对已有分类器存在的缺陷, 提出一种以分类错误率为标准选择组合特征的分类方法, 提高分类器的分类精度. 先提取图像的4种分形维数作为纹理特征, 再通过组合不同分形维数特征应用于支持向量机(SVM)进入样本训练阶段. 将分类错误率最低的特征组合作为分类器的特征向量, 应用于测试阶段的分类, 提高分类器的分类精度. 实验结果表明, 该方法具有较好的推广性, 为图像特征组合提取提供了新途径.     

基于局部特征的部分遮挡人耳识别

通过对人耳受到部分遮挡时识别的研究,提出了一种基于局部特征的部分遮挡人耳识别方法,即首先利用Gabor小波对人耳图像进行特征提取,由于该特征维数较高,再使用核Fisher判别分析(KFDA)方法进行有效降维后用于人耳识别.在逐步分析人耳各个子区域的鉴别能力的基础上,提出了基于分块图像和概率模型的识别方法.在北京科技大学(USTB)人耳图像库上的实验结果表明:基于Gabor滤波后图像所提取的特征比基于原始图像直接提取的特征具有更高的识别率,基于分块图像的识别率高于基于整体图像的识别率.     

二维典型相关分析的实质与改进算法

由于样本数常小于样本维数,传统的典型相关分析方法CCA(canonical correlation analysis)会产生小样本问题.为了解决这类问题,一种新的有监督特征抽取方法--二维典型相关分析2DCCA被提出.与传统CCA方法把二维图像矩阵拉成一维向量不同,2DCCA直接从图像矩阵中抽取特征,该方法有效地解决了小样本问题.但是在单特征下,CCA的类标编码对识别率会产生影响,在一维情况下,传统的类标编码使得CCA等价于LDA,从而限制了CCA抽取更多有效的识别特征.证明了在传统的类标编码时,2DCCA仍然与2DLDA等价.为了打破这种约束,提出了一种基于样本标号的2DCCA改进算法.在ORL和AR人脸库上的实验表明,提出的方法优于传统的2DCCA.     

基于特征优选和图像相似度的人体动作识别算法

有效提取特征有利于提高后续人体动作识别的准确率。针对人体动作识别时方向梯度直方图(histogram of oriented gradient,HOG)特征维数过高和相似动作不好区分的问题,提出一种基于特征优选和图像相似度的人体动作识别算法。实验对比三种降维方法主成分分析法(principal component analysis,PCA)、PCA+Pearson、PCA+Spearman处理后的动作识别率,证明PCA+Pearson相关系数的降维效果最佳。同时将全局特征八星模型与降维后的局部特征HOG特征组合在一起全面表征人体动作,并计算相邻两帧图像相似度,自适应分配一个判别周期内单帧支持向量机分类结果的统计权值,最后二次分类人体姿态识别结果。在标准数据集KTH上进行实验,该算法识别准确率为94. 5%,较其他方法有所提高,在视频人体动作识别领域有较好应用价值。     

基于矩形积分双谱和核主分量分析的电台指纹识别

目的 解决传统的积分双谱特征维数比较大而导致分类器的稳健性和电台的正确识别率下降的问题.方法 首先选择矩形积分双谱作为识别的特征参数,然后采用了核主分量分析方法进行降维,最后采用基于核函数的支持向量机分类器(SVM)实现对电台指纹的识别.结果 给出一种方法,实现了同种型号相同调制方式的3部不同电台的识别.结论 该算法有效地降低了特征维数.较大地提高了电台的正确识别率.     

一种局部保留C2DPCA人脸特征提取方法

 首先分析了主成分分析(PCA)、二维主成分分析(2DPCA)以及完全二维主成分分析(C2DPCA)存在的不足,针对PCA方法不能解决的小样本问题以及2DPCA和C2DPCA存在对所有识别信息都采用同等对待的不足,提出了局部保留的C2DPCA方法,此方法首先将人脸图像划分为5个区域,并对双眼、嘴唇和轮廓进行保留,其它部分采用降低其散列度的方式进行处理,然后再采用C2DPCA方法进行数据降维和特征提取,经过在ORL人脸数据库上实验研究表明,与C2DPCA相比在进一步降低了特征矩阵的维数的基础上又提高了识别率,并且在识别率方面优于经典的Fisherfaces和ICA方法.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.