铝基润滑脂凝胶的制备、结构及流变性

采用一步法 ,以硬脂酸、SAE 30润滑油和异丙醇铝为原料制备铝基润滑脂凝胶 .电镜观察的结果表明该凝胶具有由铝皂微粒构成空间网络骨架 ,并在其空隙中填充分散介质形成凝胶的结构特征 .应用粘度计对其流变性的研究发现该凝胶属胀流体 ,并在温度较高时接近Newton流体 ,当皂分质量分数在 1 1 .2 %时 ,润滑脂表观粘度最大 ,且在 40℃以上时呈现较好的粘温性能     

铝颗粒对乙醇胺凝胶性能的影响

采用乙醇胺、琼脂糖胶凝剂、含能颗粒铝制备系列燃料凝胶。利用量热仪、离心机、旋转流变仪等仪器考察了胶凝剂和铝颗粒添加量（质量分数）对凝胶热值、离心稳定性、流变性的影响；通过扫描电镜对铝、琼脂糖颗粒及凝胶微观形态进行了表征。结果表明：当铝颗粒质量分数为30%时，相较于纯凝胶，乙醇胺凝胶体积燃烧热提高了22.2%，离心析液率从26.5%下降到9.8%，稳定性大大增强；铝颗粒能够与凝胶相结合增强凝胶的网络结构、增加松弛时间和储能模量。     

凝胶因子的合成及在有机溶剂中的聚集现象

分别以几种小分子氨基化合物为结构骨架,连接长链烷基,合成了4种新型凝胶因子,其结构通式为R－OCHN－X－NHCO－R,这4种凝胶因子是一类很好的凝胶化试剂,以极低的浓度就可以使DMSO等多种溶剂凝胶化,形成热力学可逆的有机凝胶,透射电子显微镜证明4种凝胶因子在有机溶剂中,可以自我组装成延伸的螺旋缠绕细纤维结构,并进一步组装形成三维的空间网络结构,红外研究表明聚集过程中伴随有氨在之间氢键的形成。     

基于骨架提取的WSN信息存储和检索算法

针对在无线传感器网络中信息存储和检索效率容易受到节点负载不均匀和距离不敏感限制的问题,引入网络散度概念,并在此基础上提取网络的骨架;利用骨架能够代表拓扑几何的特性,提出一种负载均衡、距离感知的信息存储和检索算法.该算法不要求节点的地理信息,也不受网络形状的限制,一次数据检索可以沿着简单的路径成功检索到所感兴趣的数据.仿真表明:该算法检索路径较短且取得更佳的负载均衡,从而有效地减少了网络能耗,延长网络生命周期.     

8-羟基喹啉铝处干SiO气凝胶纳米孔中的光谱特性研究

制备了块状的SiO气凝胶，把具有很好电致发光(EL)和光致发光(PL)性能的8-羟基喹啉铝渗入到气凝胶的纳米孔洞中。可见—紫外吸收光谱表明8-羟基喹啉铝在SiO气凝胶的纳米孔洞中发生了化学吸附，且吸附作用随着气凝胶密度的减小而增强；PL谱中8-羟基喹啉铝的光致发射谱峰从470nm移至450nm。     

8—羟基喹啉铝处于SiO2气凝胶纳米孔中的光谱特性研究

制备了块状的ＳｉＯ２气凝胶,把具有很好电致发光（ＥＬ）和光致发光（ＰＬ）性能的８－羟基喹啉铝渗入到气凝胶的纳米孔洞中,可见－紫外吸收光谱表明８－羟基喹啉铝在ＳｉＯ２气凝胶的纳米孔洞中发生了化学吸附,且吸附作用随着气凝胶密度的减小而增强：ＰＬ谱中８－羟基喹啉铝的光致发射谱峰从４７０ｎｍ移至４５０ｎｍ。     

裂缝交叉角度对缝网导流能力的影响：以“卜”形结构为例

为了探讨缝网导流能力,将“卜”型交叉裂缝结构视为构成裂缝网络的基本单元。采用外圆内方的橡胶套筒导流室,开展了主/次生裂缝交叉角度分别为30°、60°、90°、120°和150°的页岩岩板导流能力试验,并利用裂缝体积等效理论计算了交叉裂缝导流能力。其研究表明：无论次生裂缝与主裂缝的交叉角度如何,相同条件下,次生裂缝总是能提高裂缝网络的导流能力,且提高次生裂缝支撑剂铺置浓度,有利于裂缝网络在高闭合应力中保持稳定、高效的导流能力;然而,流体汇流角度越大,其碰撞等作用造成的流体能量损失也越大,表现为“卜”型裂缝导流能力随交叉角度增大而减小,因此,充分考虑流体汇流时的交叉角度对于准确评价裂缝网络导流能力具有重要意义。     

变形介质储层的砂渗流机理研究

变形介质储层的开采过程是一个流固耦合渗流过程.当储层岩土的变形超过其极限,岩土骨架将遭到破坏产生骨架砂,这些骨架砂在流体的作用下运移、沉降或者堵塞储层孔隙喉道必将影响储层流体的渗流及岩土骨架的变形.由于在常规变形介质储层渗流机理的研究中没有考虑骨架砂的产出,因此其渗流数学模型不能准确描述这些储层流体的实际流动状况.本文在常规变形介质储层渗流理论研究的基础上,首先建立了储层出砂的判断准则,然后建立了变形介质储层出砂渗流的三维四相多组分数学模型并探讨了其求解方法.该模型的建立对于正确认识和高效开发变形介质储层有着重要意义.     

润滑脂对滚动轴承EHD膜厚的影响

用电阻应变片法在滚动轴承上测试各种类型润滑脂的弹性流体动压润滑(EHD)膜厚h_c。结果表明,h_c与基础油的粘度密切有关,且受到皂的类型及浓度的影响。提出了不同工况下适宜的润滑脂类型及其浓度的选用原则。     

气凝胶及其纤维复合材料等效导热系数预测

为了研究气凝胶及其纤维复合材料的隔热性能,分别数值重构了几种气凝胶及其纤维复合材料的微细观随机结构,采用格子Boltzmann方法数值求解了它们的等效导热系数,同时用基于瞬态平面热源法的Hot Disk热常数分析仪测量了它们在复杂环境下的等效导热系数。研究表明:骨架连续的开孔型微观结构比骨架不连续的颗粒型微观结构更符合气凝胶的实际结构,开孔型结构等效导热系数的数值预测值与实验值的偏差大部分在±10%内;气凝胶的密度值会影响它的隔热性能,且存在着最佳的密度使得气凝胶的等效导热系数最低;纤维复合气凝胶的等效导热系数随着纤维体积分数的增加而增加;纤维在垂直于热流方向的水平面内随机排布时对气凝胶的隔热性能影响最小。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.