新疆沙生植物粗柄独尾草的解剖学研究

新疆沙生植物粗柄独尾草的营养器官和繁殖器官的解剖学研究表明，为适应沙漠环境，其形态结构表现出下列特征：根肉质，皮层厚；茎皮层内有4—7层厚壁细胞组成的纤维带，维管束大致3轮；叶表皮细胞外壁有较厚的角质层。气孔器小，略下陷，孔下室发达，等面叶，环栅型，叶脉维管束发达；雌蕊三心皮三室，中轴胎座，直生胚珠。     

蕹菜营养器官的解剖

初生根具5—6原型初生木质部,韧皮部与之交互排列。根表皮层具一层细胞,壁薄,无根毛。皮层有多层薄壁细胞,内皮层无卡氏带加厚。茎的表皮层有大量腺毛,气孔从表皮层向上拱,皮层内有乳汁分泌道。中柱鞘具1—3层薄壁细胞。形成层成环状,具双韧维管束。每一维管束的内外韧皮部均由筛管,伴胞组成。髓部细胞在生长中部分或全部破坏。叶表皮层上有腺鳞。栅栏组织薄壁细胞1—3层,海绵组织中空腔发达。下表皮的气孔多于上表皮。主脉亦为双韧维管束。     

沙田柚营养器官的初生结构及发育研究

通过对沙田柚根、茎、叶初生结构及其发育成次生结构过程作连续石蜡切片观察发现：沙田柚根的初生结构为１０原型,内皮层细胞卡氏带加厚不明显,根毛区近轴端稍后,维管形成层由实生木质部和实姓韧皮部之间薄壁细胞转化形成,茎中维管束形排列在茎顶端第二节间,维管形成层环已开始活动形成了次生结构,叶的栅 组织由多层细胞组成,主脉维管束为周韧型,维管束外围绕一环石细胞,在叶的栅栏组织和表皮下有溶生分泌胶分布,但在根中     

香菇草营养器官解剖结构观察

为了揭示香菇草入侵能力及其对水生生活的适应性的解剖学基础,采用石蜡切片法分别观察了香菇草叶、匍匐茎节间和节以及不定根的解剖结构。结果表明:(1)叶片为异面叶,上下表皮均有气孔和腺体,气孔为平列型,下表皮气孔密度显著高于上表皮;海绵组织中发达的胞间隙构成通气组织;叶脉辐射状分布,叶脉维管束内端与叶柄维管束上端相连;叶柄维管柱有4个外韧维管束,皮层和髓中有发达的通气组织。(2)匍匐茎节的皮层易产生大量的不定根,内皮层呈染色较浅的六边形,内皮层细胞具凯氏带,维管柱含6个外韧维管束,皮层和髓薄壁细胞中含有后含物。(3)不定根属于三原型,无根毛,皮层有通气组织,内皮层不显著。香菇草这些结构特点都与水生生活和旺盛生命力相适应;匍匐茎节的皮层容易生根的特性,可能是香菇草强大的营养繁殖能力和入侵能力的重要解剖学基础。     

鸢尾蒜营养器官的解剖学研究

观察表明：鸢尾蒜（Ｉｘｉｏｌｉｒｉｏｎｔａｔａｒｉｃｕｍ）营养器官的结构具有单子叶植物的基本结构特征，并有一些特殊和原始的结构特征，以及早生结构特征。根内原生木质部３～５原型；内皮层有凯氏点，这在单子叶植物中很少见。茎皮层内有５～７层厚壁细胞组成的纤维带；维管束大致排成２轮，内轮较大。叶表皮气孔器由２个肾形保卫细胞组成；叶肉上下有分化，上方栅栏状，下方紧密，成异面叶。茎叶木质部的发育方式原始，为外始式，这一特殊结构在被子植物中未见有报道。     

紫草科四种植物茎叶解剖结构的比较研究

观察比较了紫草科4种植物茎叶的组织结构。结果表明：4种植物茎的横切面结构相似，维管束的数量及排列的疏密成度表现出种问差异；叶的结构为表皮细胞呈单层，且上表皮细胞的体积较下表皮细胞的体积大，叶肉中通气组织发达；叶的类型除鹤虱为等面叶外，其余三种均为背腹叶。     

6种唇形科植物根茎叶解剖结构比较

利用石蜡切片法比较分布在内蒙古赤峰市赛罕乌拉自然保护区的亚洲百里香(Thymus serpyllum L.)、薄荷(Mentha haplocalyx Briq.)、黄芩(Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi)、并头黄芩(Scutellaria scordifolia F.)、串铃草(Phlomis mongolica Turcz.)、裂叶荆芥(Schizonepeta tenuifolia (Benth) Briq.) 6种唇形科植物根、茎、叶的解剖结构.结果表明:这6种唇形科植物的根多为次生结构,周皮脱落,有发达的维管组织.茎均是四棱形,表皮细胞角质层较厚,有腺鳞和表皮毛,皮层薄,近表皮均有1～2层厚角组织,含有叶绿体;初生维管组织为无限外韧维管束,均由4个维管束环状排列,其次生生长过程中,束间形成层产生新的小维管束和薄壁细胞;髓占比例大,髓射线宽.叶表皮细胞1层,排列整齐紧密,角质层较厚,上、下表皮均有气孔器和腺鳞分布,腺鳞处大多数表皮下陷;叶为异面叶,栅栏组织含叶绿体较多,海绵组织有发达的孔下室,主脉木质部和韧皮部较发达.薄荷茎的皮层中含有晶簇细胞,并头黄芩的叶表皮中无腺鳞.     

香荚兰茎叶解剖学特征研究

墨西哥香荚兰(Vanillafragrans(Salisb.)Ames(V.planifoliaAndr.))茎叶解剖学特征研究表明:香荚兰茎表皮具气孔;茎中内皮层为厚壁组织(纤维);维管茎束散生于环状厚壁内皮层所包围的基本组织中,靠近内皮层的维管束相对较小,各维管束外围具有厚壁维管束鞘细胞.香荚兰叶为等面叶,叶肉细胞无海绵组织和栅栏组织的分化.叶的气孔器仅分布在下表皮,而上表皮无气孔器.保卫细胞为肾形.     

青海五种柳属植物叶片的解剖特征研究

本文对青海巴毅克拉山、阿尼玛卿山产五种柳属植物的叶片进行了解剖学研究，结果表明：五种高山柳属植物的叶均为异面叶，具较厚的角质膜，上表皮角质膜一般较下表角质膜厚０．５－μｍ；栅栏组织较发达，一般由２－３层细胞构成；下表皮为双层细胞组成组成的复表皮，有异染色薄壁细胞构成的维管束鞘，维管束单个，维管速近轴面有５－６层的厚角细胞，远轴面也有多层的有细胞。     

濒危植物大花杓兰(Cypripedium macranthos SW.)地下器官的形态解剖学研究

对濒危植物大花杓兰地下器官的形态进行了解剖观察.结果表明:根状茎皮层和髓部细胞储存有丰富的淀粉粒,周木维管束在中柱内散生排列;不定根皮层组织发达,没有发现共生真菌菌丝,内皮层木质化加厚细胞和通道细胞相间排列并分别与韧皮部和木质部对应;地下芽为混合芽,外被2~3层鳞叶和3~4层幼叶,顶部为花器官的芽体.大花杓兰地下器官既是营养物质的存贮场所又是越冬的繁殖体;地上器官的基本结构在上一年越冬的地下芽中已经形成;根部皮层细胞内没有发现共生真菌,可能与材料采集的季节有关.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.