桩-土-结构相互作用对连续梁桥抗震性能的影响

本文以跨浅海水道连续桥为研究对象，采用质量弹簧体系模拟基础和地基，用有限元通用软件分别建立了该桥的考虑桩-土-结构作用的全桩模型、将基岩中桩截去且考虑桩-土-结构相互作用的截桩模型和不考虑桩-土相互作用的无桩三维有限元模型。以此为基础，对该桥进行三维地震动态时程分析，分析了桩-土-结构相互作用对该桥动力特性的影响和不同地震动输入下桩-土-结构相互作用对该桥位移反应、内力反应等地震响应的影响。     

桩-土-结构相互作用对连续梁桥抗震性能的影响

本文以跨浅海水道连续桥为研究对象,采用质量弹簧体系模拟基础和地基,用有限元通用软件分别建立了该桥的考虑桩-土-结构作用的全桩模型、将基岩中桩截去且考虑桩-土-结构相互作用的截桩模型和不考虑桩-土相互作用的无桩三维有限元模型.以此为基础,对该桥进行三维地震动态时程分析,分析了桩-土-结构相互作用对该桥动力特性的影响和不同地震动输入下桩-土-结构相互作用对该桥位移反应、内力反应等地震响应的影响.     

桩-土-结构相互作用对连续梁桥抗震性能的影响

本文以跨浅海水道连续桥为研究时象,采用质量弹簧体系模拟基础和地基,用有限元通用软件分别建立了该桥的考虑桩-土-结构作用的全桩模型、将基岩中桩截去且考虑桩-土-结构相互作用的截桩模型和不考虑桩-土相互作用的无桩三维有限元模型。以此为基础,对该桥进行三维地震动态时程分析,分析了桩-土-结构相互作用对该桥动力特性的影响和不同地震动输入下桩-土-结构相互作用对该桥位移反应、内力反应等地震响应的影响。     

桩-土-结构相互作用对连续梁桥抗震性能的影响

本文以跨浅海水道连续桥为研究时象,采用质量弹簧体系模拟基础和地基,用有限元通用软件分别建立了该桥的考虑桩-土-结构作用的全桩模型、将基岩中桩截去且考虑桩-土-结构相互作用的截桩模型和不考虑桩-土相互作用的无桩三维有限元模型。以此为基础,对该桥进行三维地震动态时程分析,分析了桩-土-结构相互作用对该桥动力特性的影响和不同地震动输入下桩-土-结构相互作用对该桥位移反应、内力反应等地震响应的影响。     

桩-土（软支撑）-结构非线性动力相互作用分析

基于群桩-土软支撑模型,建立了土-结构相互作用有限元简化分析模型.针对不同地震激励,不同桩-土条件下对模型进行了动力非线性时程分析.结果表明:在某些地震动和土-基础条件下,上部结构非线性作用动力反应结果可能大于固基假定情形,且下部桩-土软支撑会对上部结构柔弱层位置产生影响,分析结果与现有的试验成果具有良好的一致性.以简化非线性弹-阻单元的形式等代桩-土实体单元接触面,能有效和快速地进行复杂的SSI动力时程分析及抗震评估.     

桩-土-上部结构相互作用体系的非线性地震反应分析

本文采用双线性等向硬化模型考虑结构的非线性,并用Drucker-Prager理想弹塑性模型模拟土的非线性,同时在桩-土接触面上设置接触单元模拟桩-土间的非线性,建立了一个桩-土-上部结构相互作用体系的有限元分析模型,对不同的建筑场地条件下桩-土-上部结构相互作用体系的地震响应进行了探讨,分析了结构的内力以及变形分布情况,得到了一些有应用价值的结论．     

高层框架剪力墙结构与桩-土共同作用的时程响应分析

考虑框架剪力墙结构与筏板-桩-土之间共同作用的影响,用ANSYS对一20层框架剪力墙结构以及筏板-桩-土建立整体空间模型;着重分析了桩-地基土对上部结构动力特性的影响情况,包括结构振型、周期、位移、内力等动力特性及地震反应行为;并与刚性地基基础假定情况下的结构计算结果进行了分析比较,得出一些有用结论,供工程设计时参考。     

时域内三维上下部相互作用结构的非线性分析

通过对动力问题中粘弹性边界和桩土界面的非线性接触的合理描述,提出了一种能有效地开展层状地基中桩(群)-上部结构非线性动力相互作用分析的三维有限元模型.对地震作用下的（桩）基础结构共同作用进行了较全面的场动模拟,认为即使在非强震下,其桩-土间的滑移和开脱非线性共同作用对结构反应影响较大,按其间的一致粘合位移假设并不能有效地对桩承-结构体系的动力上、下部相互作用作出合理的评价.     

土-桩-结构相互作用对独塔自锚式悬索桥地震响应的影响

为研究土-桩-结构相互作用对独塔自锚式悬索桥动力特性及地震响应的影响规律,利用有限元软件Midas/Civil建立了2个空间有限元成桥状态模型,分别采用J.Penzien集中质量模型模拟的桩土边界和承台底部固结边界,并对结构进行了动力特性分析和不同地震工况下的非线性时程分析.研究结果表明,土-桩-结构相互作用延长了结构自振周期,且对主塔参与的振型影响很大.与基础固结模型相比,考虑土-桩-结构相互作用的结构在地震作用下的内力响应减小20%左右,而桥塔位移响应增大约50%,主梁位移响应增大约3%.因此,此类结构抗震设计时需基于不同控制目标选择不同的基础处理方式.     

土-结构动力相互作用对结构弹塑性变形影响的探讨

罕遇地震作用下进行结构弹塑性变形验算是十分必要的,目前结构弹塑性变形验算的方法均是基于地基刚性假定提出的,而考虑土-结构动力相互作用的结构弹塑性变形验算有待研究．采用平面桩-土-结构弹塑性有限元分析,探讨了水平地震作用下土-结构相互作用对弹塑性变形特性的影响．分析发现,考虑相互作用后,多层框架结构弹塑性层间位移均有折减,薄弱层的塑性变形减小,发生塑性破坏的程度降低．对多层框架结构按现有规范进行弹塑性变形验算可能偏安全．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-