3种除草剂和除草膜及其组合对烟田杂草的防除效果

为了筛选高效安全的烟田除草方式,在广西烟区开展3种除草剂和除草膜及其组合对烟田杂草防除效果试验。结果表明,除草剂50%敌草胺可湿性粉剂对杂草株数总防效较好,施药后30 d和45 d防效分别为59.3%、89.94%;异丙甲草胺乳油对杂草鲜重总防效最好,施药后45 d,防效为89.47%;盖黑膜对杂草的鲜重和株数防效均显著高于白色膜与双色膜,白色膜与双色膜无显著差异,防效均不佳,仅为30%左右。盖黑膜的处理组烟叶长势差且出现明显的灼伤现象,黑膜不适用于广西烟区;除草剂结合地膜组合处理组中,50%敌草胺可湿性粉剂+双色地膜的防效最高,药后45 d杂草鲜重总防效为83%、株数总防效为83.26%。综合对烟田杂草防除效果和对烟草的生长影响情况,建议在广西烟区推广除草剂50%敌草胺可湿性粉剂和物理防控双色地膜结合使用。     

紫花苜蓿草地杂草土壤处理剂配方的筛选试验

选用5种土壤处理剂,对8种优势杂草进行盆栽防除试验研究,结果表明:防除酸模顺蓼的特效药剂是阔草清和广灭灵(防效为84.2%);辣子草的特效药剂是阔草清、乙草胺,防效均达100%;藜的特效药剂是广灭灵和普乐宝,防效均为100%和84.2%;苋菜的特效药是乙草胺、普乐宝和广灭灵,防效均达100%;野荞麦的特效药是阔草清和普乐宝,防效均为100%,苍耳、龙葵的特效药是阿宝、普乐宝,防效达100%.可在生产中根据田间杂草群落选择适合的除草剂.     

60%异丙隆·炔草酯WP防除春小麦田一年生杂草

为明确60%异丙隆·炔草酯WP田间杂草防除效果及对春小麦的安全性,采用茎叶喷雾法,评价不同剂量下60%异丙隆·炔草酯WP的除草效果。结果表明:用60%异丙隆·炔草酯WP(有效量900~1 080 g/hm~2)在春小麦3叶至5叶一心期进行茎叶喷施,防除一年生杂草株防效果达80%以上,鲜重防效80%以上,各处理区小麦增产12.47%以上。施药后对小麦叶色进行观察,处理区与空白对照区没有显著差异。该药剂对春小麦田一年生杂草效果显著且对作物安全。     

草克星水田杂草防除试验

在黑龙江省农科院牡丹江分院试验基地老稻田上,进行草克星多种杂草除草效果、水稻安全性、水稻产量试验.试验结果表明,草克星对扁秆藨草、藨草防效极佳,整体防效接近100%;对泽泻早期实生苗有较好的抑制作用;对野慈姑、雨久花幼苗防效偏低.草克星与丁草胺、阿罗津、苯噻酰草胺混用对稻田杂草防除有增效作用,对残存稗草有较好的灭杀作用,稗草与阔叶杂草防效均好,对水稻安全.     

草坪草害及其化学防除

调查表明 ,厦门市公园草坪杂草有 6 5种 ,分属 2 1科 ,其中重要杂草有马唐 Digitaria sanguinlis(L.) Scop、蟋蟀草 Elensine indica(L.) Gaertn、水蜈蚣 Kyllinga cororata(L.) Druce、夏飘拂草 Fimbristylisaestivalis(Retz.) Vahl,主要杂草有 6科 ,14种。除草剂试验结果表明 ,立克除 4 0 g/ 6 6 7m2、除草通 150 ml/6 6 7m2 、精稳杀得 30 ml/ 6 6 7m2 、苯达松 10 0 ml 除草通 10 0 ml/ 6 6 7m2 、苯达松 150 ml 精稳杀得 2 0 ml/ 6 6 7m2 对禾本科杂草的防除效果较佳 ,株防效达 80 %以上 ,鲜重防效达 90 %以上 ;使它隆 50 ml/ 6 6 7m2 防除阔叶杂草的效果最佳 ,株防效为 93.4 % ,鲜重防效达 97.6 % ;各处理对莎草科杂草的防效均不够理想 ,最高的乙·苄30 g/ 6 6 7m2 两个只 6 7.7%和 73.7% ;对三类杂草的综合防效以苯达松 10 0 ml 除草通 10 0 ml/ 6 6 7m2 和乙·苄 30 g/ 6 6 7m2 较好。各处理对草坪的影响均在可接受的范围以内 ,其中苯达松最小 ,精稳杀得最大     

龙拳除草剂在青海春油菜田防除效果初报

针对防除春油菜田恶性杂草剌儿菜和苣荬菜,进行了除草剂的防效示范试验。各示范点每公顷施用75%龙拳(SGX)225 g,以50%高特克(SC)600 mL/hm2作对照药,空白处理为对照,龙拳防除刺儿菜的最终控草效果平均达86.04%,防除苣荬菜的最终控草效果平均达82.44%,平均增产14.19%,防除效果较对照药高特克高30个百分点以上。     

紫花苜蓿苗期茎叶处理剂筛选及防效试验

本研究开展了6种茎叶处理剂在紫花苜蓿苗期田间杂草的防效试验，结果表明：5％管除水剂防效好，对禾本科杂草、阔叶杂草都有很好防除效果；其次是48％灭草松水剂，对阔叶杂草防效好；而25％阔萎水剂虽然防效好，但药害严重，不能在苜蓿田使用。     

30%氨氯·二氯·氯氨吡啶酸可溶液剂的除草活性评价

为筛选防除青海省农田恶性杂草的高效除草剂，采用茎叶喷雾法室内测定了30%氨氯·二氯·氯氨吡啶酸可溶液剂(SL)对密花香薷、藜、苣荬菜、地肤、野芥菜的除草活性。结果表明：30%氨氯·二氯·氯氨吡啶酸SL施药后7 d对供试的5种杂草株高均有不同程度的抑制，施药后14 d对杂草的抑制作用比施药后7 d明显增强。施药后21 d 30%氨氯·二氯·氯氨吡啶酸SL 45.0、67.5、90.0、112.5、135.0 g a.i/hm²处理对密花香薷的鲜重防效分别为71.85%、75.87%、82.80%、89.81%、90.42%;对藜的鲜重防效分别为87.25%、100.00%、100.00%、100.00%、100.00%;对苣荬菜的鲜重防效分别为71.95%、72.14%、80.39%、85.84%、89.26%;对地肤的鲜重防效分别为68.48%、75.30%、78.33%、80.00%、85.76%;对野芥菜的鲜重防效分别为48.76%、66.56%、72.47%、78.22%、84.71%。30%氨氯·二氯·氯氨吡啶酸SL对密花香薷、藜、苣荬菜、地肤、野芥菜的E...     

78．8％草甘膦可湿性粉剂防除非耕地杂草田间药效试验报告

78．8％草甘膦可湿性粉剂防除非耕地杂草田间药效试验是通过对试验奈件、试验设计和安排、调查、记录和测量方法、结果与分析进行试验。结果表明试验药剂总体对杂草的防效不理想,其中对稗草和藜有一定的防效,对冰草防效差。除草效果随药剂用量增加而增加,同一处理对不同杂草防除效果有差异。     

8种除草剂（混剂）对青稞田阔叶杂草的防效及其安全性评价

为筛选对青稞田阔叶杂草防除效果好且对青稞安全的除草剂,本研究通过田间小区试验分析8种除草剂(混剂)对青稞田阔叶杂草的防除效果。结果表明：药后20 d,8种除草剂(混剂)对青稞田阔叶杂草的株防效均达70%以上;药后40 d,株防效均达80%以上,鲜重防效均达85%以上;青稞生长中后期8种除草剂(混剂)最终控制防效均达84%以上。除处理8(187.5 mL/hm²7.5%啶磺草胺WDG+150 mL/hm²87.5%2,4-滴异辛酯EC+45 g/hm²20%苯磺隆WP+助剂混剂)区的青稞在药后25 d内表现出一定药害,25 d后黄斑消失,其余各药剂处理区的青稞生长正常,与空白对照区的青稞长势一致。此外,本研究得出8种除草剂(混剂)部分处理之间防除效果存在一定差异,其中处理8的最终控制防效最佳,显著高于其他7个处理,其次为处理7(300 mL/hm²87.5%2,4-滴异辛酯EC+45 g/hm²20%苯磺隆WP+助剂混剂)。综上,考虑8种除草剂(混剂)对青稞的安全性及对阔叶杂草的...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to