真空负压源深度对吹填土地基固结沉降的影响

为研究真空负压源深度对吹填土预压处理效果的影响,开展真空负压源分别位于深部的下位抽真空和位于表层的上位抽真空预压加固室内试验。根据固结过程中土体分层沉降量、排水量、不同深度处真空度监测结果,对不同真空负压源深度的固结土层真空度传递效率、固结沉降特点等进行分析。结果表明:当负压源位于加固土体深部时,可有效提高真空度传递效率,缩短下层土体排水路径并改变中层土体渗流方向,同时上层固结土体可保持较高真空负压;深部土体可得到有效加固且土层固结沉降将更为均匀,真空预压加固方法的有效加固深度得到较大幅度的增加并可一定程度上控制加固土体的工后沉降。     

真空—堆载联合预压在横琴能源站地基处理中的应用

基于真空—堆载联合法在珠海横琴能源站软土地基处理方案的实施,对现场真空度、孔隙水压力、深层水平位移、地表沉降、地下水位、分层沉降监测资料进行分析,以及地基处理前后的室内试验和现场原位试验资料进行对比和研究,结果表明:真空—堆载预压后,软土地基的沉降速率指标、固结度、承载力均达到设计要求,软土各项物理力学指标明显改良,预压效果良好;为具有相同或类似条件地域的软土地基加固处理提供了经验.     

真空预压和堆载预压下软土微观结构的变化

为揭示真空预压和堆载预压加固软土地基过程中土体微观结构的变化,进一步探究软土加固机理,对温州海底吹填土进行了真空预压试验和堆载预压室内试验,采用电子显微镜研究了2种方法加固软土前后土颗粒的数量、圆形度、直径、丰度及定向性等微观参数的变化.试验结果表明:在真空预压和堆载预压加固软土的过程中土体结构不断调整重组,但加荷方式的差异引起土体结构调整方式不同;真空预压时,土体颗粒重新排列;而堆载预压时,土体颗粒破碎后排列.通过对真空及堆载预压固结过程中土体微观结构变化规律的研究,有助于了解真空预压和堆载预压加固软土的机理与效果.     

南沙深厚软土真空预压法的现场试验与应用研究

真空预压法做为一种加固软土地基的有效方法,已经被广泛用于沿海地区公路软土地基加固当中.为了研究真空预压法在深厚软土中的加固效果,通过现场试验的方法,对采用真空预压加固公路软基的一个试验段进行了分层沉降、孔隙水压力、表面沉降和水平位移的现场观测,并对观测结果进行了分析.最后,通过现场取样和室内试验的方法,对加固前后的土体抗剪强度指标等物理力学性能指标进行对比,对比发现,加固后地基土的力学性能得到较大的提高,对真空预压法在南沙深厚软土中的应用提供了设计依据.图9,表2,参6.     

真空-堆载联合预压法参数敏感性分析

针对真空-堆载联合预压法各设计参数敏感性分析研究的不足,应用Biot固结理论及ABAQUS软件,建立了真空-堆载联合预压分析模型.选取某实际公路试验段进行了真空值大小,塑料排水板打设深度、打设间距、透水性等设计参数的敏感性分析,研究了软土地基在经过真空-堆载联合预压处理后的加固效果及变形位移随各设计参数的变化规律,给出了各种设计参数对加固效果的影响程度.基于设计参数的敏感性分析,提出了各种加快软土固结沉降速率以及尽量减少工程对周围环境影响等的工程措施.研究成果可为真空-堆载联合预压法处理软土地基的设计提供参考依据.     

塑料排水板结合真空预压法的径向固结解析解

塑料排水板结合真空预压的软土地基加固方法是一种经济高效并被逐渐广泛应用的地基加固方法,该方法不仅可以减少堆载预压坝体的高度,还能减少土体的侧向位移.推导的塑料排水板与真空预压结合的非线性径向固结解析解可以较好地用于该种地基加固的预测和分析.求解过程认为软土在一维固结条件下孔隙比与平均有效应力、水平渗透系数成对数线性关系,而非以前认为的一维线性关系,因排水板周围土体被扰动,所以涂抹区中水平渗透系数采用抛物线分布形式,同时还考虑真空预压对固结的作用.退化提出的解析解与前人解析解进行对比验证、完成解析解与试验结果验证,证明了该解析解的正确性.最后,分析了参数κ和C_k/C_c对固结的影响,结果表明C_k/C_c值越大,固结时间越短,κ值增大,固结时间增长.     

真空堆载联合预压法加固软基的现场试验

结合山东日照港集装箱码头辅建区的软基处理工程,开展了现场真空-堆载联合预压试验和监测资料分析研究,并对其加固机理和加固效果进行了探讨.研究结果表明真空预压明显地加快了地基的沉降速率,加速其固结过程,同时产生向内的水平位移,从而使真空-堆载联合预压比超载预压具有更强的抗失稳能力.土体侧向位移量和位移速率与加荷方式及大小密切相关.真空预压的加固深度主要是地表以下竖向排水体范围内受荷载影响的土层.     

真空动力固结饱和软土地基室内模型试验

为研究土层沉降变化和孔隙水压力长消对真空动力固结软土加固效果的影响,设计了真空动力固结室内模型试验装置并进行了针对具体工程项目的试验模拟。通过夯击能变化调节,对真空动力固结处理土层的沉降变化规律和孔隙水压力长消规律进行了分析。试验研究结果表明:夯坑夯沉量和土层表面沉降与夯击击数及夯击能呈正比例变化,但应合理控制夯击击数;多遍真空主动降水和夯击反复作用导致土层竖向压缩量的增长速度呈递减趋势,分层土体的孔隙水压力增幅差异明显,且浅层土体孔压增幅大于深层土体孔压增幅,夯击引起的超孔隙水压力逐渐减小;真空动力固结有效加固深度修正系数αd围绕3.0浮动,且随着夯击能的增加,该系数呈现增大趋势。     

真空联合堆载预压技术在现代公路工程施工中的应用

随着我国公路建设的进一步发展,将不可避免地要在软土地基上修建越来越多的高速公路。真空联合堆载预压加固施工是一种快速、简便、文明的加固地基的有效方法,能够有效地加速深厚软土地基的排水固结,减少工后沉降.水平向位移是真空预压施工中容易出现的问题,为此,本文在分析真空联合堆载预压法加固机理的基础上,探讨了真空联合堆载法施工中的关键技术与具体施工工艺。     

淤泥质海岸防波堤工程地基监测研究

港区内软土层深厚,地基条件复杂,堤身填筑高度大,给防波堤建设带来诸多隐患.为及时反映地基稳定状况、动态指导和控制施工进度,选取典型断面开展现场监测试验,对施工过程及工后的稳定性、变形、加固效果进行现场监测与检测.结果表明:地基沉降、深层水平位移在填筑期间发展较快,填筑至堤顶后逐渐趋于稳定.监测期内地基最大沉降量为760 mm,沉降速率在10 mm/d的安全标准范围,淤泥层压缩量占地基总沉降量的86%左右;地基最大深层水平位移在深度5～14 m范围的淤泥层内,水平位移速率小于5 mm/d.地基中总的孔压值在填筑期间上升,加载结束后孔压值开始缓慢消散,呈现出良好的规律性.防波堤建设后,淤泥地基的土性指标得到了不同程度的改善,地基强度得到明显提高.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-