基于人眼视觉的红外图像广义直方图增强算法

文章针对传统直方图均衡增强算法存在红外图像细节信息丢失问题,且算法没有考虑人眼视觉特性,提出基于人眼视觉的红外图像广义直方图增强算法;根据像素邻域信息建立广义直方图,进行直方图均衡化处理;在均衡化过程中,利用人眼灰度分辨能力,对拉伸过大的灰度级进行限制,再对被过度压缩的灰度级进行适当拉伸以扩大其动态范围;实验结果表明,该方法有效增强图像局部细节,解决了红外图像视觉模糊的问题,使增强后图像视觉效果更自然。     

海上远距离目标探测中的红外图像增强算法

为提高图像的视觉效果,增加远距离目标的检测效率,在分析海上红外图像特征和傅里叶变换频谱特点的基础上,提出"十字形"高斯带通滤波算法,并对该算法进行实验验证.结果表明,该算法能够改善海上红外图像的亮度,抑制海面噪声,增强目标的细节信息,进而提高海上红外图像的视觉效果.     

基于侧抑制系数的红外图像细节增强算法

针对红外图像对比度低、细节不清晰和视觉效果模糊的缺点,提出了基于侧抑制系数的红外图像细节增强算法。通过分析指数分布侧抑制系数计算方法的不足,提出利用二次函数分布计算侧抑制系数的方法,提高算法增强红外图像细节的能力,利用红外图像本身的灰度信息自适应地调整侧抑制系数的参数,进而自适应确定侧抑制网络,对图像目标和背景进行不同程度的抑制,结合临界可偏差(just noticeable difference,JND)曲线中得到的人眼视觉分辨率特性,对图像进行能量恢复调整,使图像均值保持在人眼适宜观察的状态。仿真结果显示,与自适应指数函数侧抑制算法相比,算法处理后的红外图像对比度、信息熵以及信噪比都得到提高,图像细节更加清晰,视觉效果得到明显改善。     

低秩表示和字典学习的红外与可见光图像融合算法

针对目前红外与可见光融合算法在保留可见光图像中的背景信息时无法同时有效地提取红外图像信息,提出了一种基于低秩表示和字典学习的红外与可见光的图像融合算法.首先,采用低秩表示对红外图像和可见光图像进行分解,分别获得源图像的低秩和稀疏成分,其中稀疏成分可以很好地表示源图像的边缘细节特征.其次,用OMP算法的字典学习方法和稀疏系数的最大范数规则,而最大范数规则在对图像背景恢复的同时能够提取目标信息.再次,对分解得到的2个分量进行融合.最后,利用融合稀疏系数和自适应字典重建融合图像.实验结果表明,本融合算法可以突出红外对象信息,同时能够保留可见光图像中的背景信息,达到良好的视觉效果.     

基于Android平台的图像增强算法

针对传统图像增强算法存在的不足, 提出一种基于Android平台的图像增强算法. 首先,采用同态滤波对图像进行预处理, 并用小波变换分解图像; 然后对图像进行对比度拉伸和亮度增强, 消除图像中的噪声等; 再采用小波变换重构图像各分量, 得到增强后的图像; 最后在Android平台上实现图像增强算法, 并用仿真实验测试其性能. 仿真结果表明, 该算法解决了传统图像增强算法的不足, 得到了较理想的主观视觉效果, 加快了图像增强的速度, 可满足图像增强的实时性要求.     

基于Nios红外图像实时非均匀性校正研究

针对红外成像系统在图像处理中所涉及的数据量大,实时处理难于实现的特点,运用Altera公司SOPC-Nios嵌入式软核心处理器技术,提出一种利用FPGA硬件实现红外焦平面阵列实时非均匀性两点校正的方法.该方法针对非均匀性校正关键的内部循环和耗时算法,创建Nios嵌入式处理器的定制指令,将复杂的顺序指令简化为硬件实现的单指令,用硬件实现校正算法,极大地提高了系统的处理速度和性能,有效地解决了红外成像技术中实时性难题.     

非采样轮廓波变换下的红外与可见光图像融合

针对红外与可见光图像融合存在的边缘模糊、视觉效果不佳的问题,提出了一种改进的基于非下采样轮廓波变换(NSCT)的红外和可见光图像融合方法。首先采用NSCT对红外与可见光图像进行多尺度、多方向分解,然后对低频系数采用基于边缘的方法进行融合;对高频系数采用基于区域能量的方法进行融合。最后,通过NSCT反变换来获取融合图像。实验结果表明:文中改进算法得到的融合图像不仅边缘等细节部分更加清晰,而且在视觉效果上更加符合人眼视觉特性。     

一种自适应红外图像增强算法

针对红外图像普遍存在的目标与背景对比度差的特点,提出一种自适应红外图像增强算法.该算法首先采用峰值与局部最大值估算法相结合的方法自适应地计算出两个阈值,由此将图像分为背景段、目标段和过渡段三部分;然后对不同的灰度段采用不同的变换系数分段进行灰度拉伸和压缩变换,实现图像的自适应增强;最后对得到的图像进行灰度间距的均衡化处理,把灰度等级在整个显示范围内等间距排列.实验结果表明,该算法能够实现自适应阈值选择,获得灰度更加连续的红外图像,有效地增加了图像的细节和清晰度.     

一种基于直方图变换的光学遥感影像自动增强方法

对比度、清晰度等视觉效果是影响图像质量的重要因素。针对光学遥感图像对比度和清晰度改善问题,提出了一种新的视觉效果自动增强模型。首先对输入图像的直方图采用非线性变换,在保持灰度级有效分布的前提下充分压缩灰度分布范围,从而获得优化的变换系数,然后再利用线性拉伸算法将图像灰度扩展至整个灰度域。实验和对比结果表明,所提出的增强模型在很小的信息熵损失条件下能较大幅度地提高图像的对比度和清晰度,获得比目前主要算法更好的增强结果且效果稳定,可适用于全色图像和彩色图像视觉效果的全自动化增强处理。     

基于双通道PCNN的NSST域红外与可见光图像融合

针对传统红外与可见光图像融合中存在的一些不足,提出一种新的基于非下采样剪切波变换(NSST)和双通道脉冲耦合神经网络模型(2APCNN)的红外与可见光图像融合算法.该算法首先对红外图像进行预处理,提高源图像的对比度,再对红外与可见光图像进行NSST分解得到低频和高频子带系数;然后对分解后的低频子带系数进行二维小波分解再次得到相应的低频和高频子带,低频部分采用一种基于显著图的融合策略,高频部分采用绝对值取大的原则,之后再对低频和高频采用小波逆变换得到NSST重构所需的低频部分;接着对NSST分解后的高频子带采用双通道PCNN进行处理;最后对处理过的低频和高频子带进行NSST逆变换得到最终的融合图像.几组图像的实验结果对比显示,该算法相比其他算法在客观评价指标和视觉效果上均取得了一定的改进.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.