C80自密实混凝土的试验研究与应用

采用聚羧酸系高效减水剂,通过对硅灰、粉煤灰及矿渣粉不同组合的试验研究,在不掺加硅灰的情况下,配制出成本低廉、工作性能良好的C80级自密实混凝土,并在工程中成功应用。     

聚羧酸系减水剂在客运专线工程中的应用研究

介绍聚羧酸系减水剂在满足铁路客运专线高性能混凝土综合性能方面的能力和特点,分析了工程应用中使用聚羧酸系减水剂存在的一些问题。提出解决聚羧酸系减水剂与水泥的相容性问题以及保持聚羧酸系减水剂本身质量稳定性是目前该减水剂应用的关键。     

高氧化铁粉煤灰影响聚羧酸减水剂吸附特性的机理

采用净浆流动度、ζ电位、总有机碳(TOC)、红外光谱等实验,研究粉煤灰中氧化铁含量对不同结构聚羧酸减水剂吸附性能的影响,探讨氧化铁影响聚羧酸减水剂对水泥分散性能的机理,并提出了相应改进方法.结果表明:粉煤灰中氧化铁含量对掺不同结构聚羧酸减水剂的水泥净浆流动度均有很大影响,当氧化铁质量为粉煤灰总质量的18%时相应浆体基本失去流动性;加入硫化钠能使氧化铁与聚羧酸减水剂的吸附性能降低,浆体流动度有所改善.高氧化铁粉煤灰对聚羧酸减水剂的吸附性很强,与普通Ⅱ级粉煤灰相比,外加剂溶液中有机碳的含量要减少1/3.电泳实验表明:氧化铁的含量越多,体系ζ电位绝对值越小,分散稳定性越差.红外光谱表明:硫化钠的加入降低了高氧化铁粉煤灰对聚羧酸减水剂的吸附.     

助磨剂对水泥与减水剂相容性的影响及改善

以净浆流动度作为水泥与减水剂相容性的评价指标,试验研究了多种助磨剂对水泥与萘系减水剂或聚羧酸减水剂相容性的影响规律,探讨了缓凝剂和引气剂对水泥与减水剂相容性的改善作用。结果表明,助磨剂对水泥与萘系减水剂相容性的影响较大,对水泥与聚羧酸减水剂相容性的影响较小。缓凝剂和引气剂均能改善水泥与萘系减水剂的相容性,随其掺加量的增加,改善作用逐渐增大。含缓凝剂/引气剂的复合助磨剂对水泥净浆流动度有一定的改善作用,并延缓水泥的凝结时间。含缓凝剂的复合助磨剂对水泥有增强作用,而含引气剂的复合助磨剂会降低水泥的胶砂强度。     

国内外聚羧酸系高性能减水剂的性能比较

选取了国内外4个品牌5种聚羧酸系高性能减水剂作为研究对象,分别从水泥净浆流动度、与水泥的相容性、保坍性以及产品的性价比等方面进行了对比研究.研究表明:不同品牌的国内外聚羧酸系减水剂具备了低掺量、高减水率、保坍性好、增强效果显著等共同特点,但是与水泥的相容性存在着较大差异.分析认为,国产聚羧酸系高性能减水剂产品与国外同类产品相比,技术性能差距不大,基本上处于同一档次,但是却拥有明显的价格优势.与此同时,我国庞大的建筑市场为国内外聚羧酸系高性能减水剂的推广应用提供了广阔的发展空间,使其具有良好的应用前景.     

聚羧酸系减水剂对水泥水化产物的影响

为了研究聚羧酸系减水剂与水泥水化产物间的作用机理,利用差示扫描量热仪研究了减水剂对水泥水化产物组成的影响;采用化学合成法制备出水化硅酸钙,在合成过程中分别掺入聚羧酸系或萘系减水剂,对合成的水化硅酸钙进行扫描电镜分析、核磁共振测试和傅里叶红外光谱分析.结果表明:与萘系减水剂相比,聚羧酸系减水剂促进了水泥的水化,使水泥石中水化硅酸钙凝胶及氢氧化钙的生成总量增大;聚羧酸系减水剂可以减小水化硅酸钙的颗粒尺寸,使其聚合度增大;减水剂能促使水化硅酸钙中的硅氧四面体聚合度增加,且聚羧酸系减水剂的增强效果优于萘系减水剂.     

聚羧酸系高效减水剂的研究现状及水泥适应性分析

聚羧酸系高性能减水剂作为一种新型高效减水剂,性能优异.本文主要结合国内外对聚羧酸高效减水剂的研究进展,分别阐述了聚羧酸系高性能战水剂的作用机理、国内外研究现状及其与水泥的适应性,总结了当前研究与应用中存在的问题,并对未来发展方向进行了展望.     

聚羧酸系减水剂与萘系减水剂的对比实验研究

本文通过对聚羧酸系减水剂与萘系减水剂的对比实验,研究两种减水剂的性能特点。结果表明,与萘系减水剂相比,聚羧酸减水剂具有更好的水泥适应性、掺量少、高减水率、混凝土坍落度经时损失少、更适合配制低水灰比混凝土等特点。     

外加剂与硫铝酸盐水泥相容性研究

研究了萘系、氨基磺酸盐系和聚羧酸系高效减水剂与硫铝酸盐水泥的相容性问题。利用缓凝剂有效控制了硫铝酸盐水泥的凝结时间；利用浆体稳定剂成功解决了水泥净浆的板结、泌水问题；从浆体流变学角度研究了外加剂-硫铝酸盐水泥浆体体系稳定性。实验证明：3种外加剂与硫铝酸盐水泥都具备了良好的相容性，据此提出了解决外加剂与硫铝酸盐水泥相容性问题的一些方法，为硫铝酸盐水泥的应用提供一些可靠的理论依据。     

聚羧酸系高效减水剂的研究现状及发展方向

本文介绍了聚羧酸系高效减水剂的国内外现状与发展趋势,探讨了聚羧酸系减水剂的作用机理和存在的问题,展望了该减水剂的发展方向,从而提高了人们对聚羧酸高效减水剂的认识。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.