纯电动汽车车载电源性能在环测试平台研究

为研究纯电动汽车车载电源性能,提出并搭建了由异步电动机和直流电动机组成的在环测试平台.异步电动机用来模拟纯电动汽车的牵引电动机,直流电动机用来模拟汽车行驶时的阻力和惯量,对异步电动机和直流电动机分别实施转速控制和转矩控制.分析了电动汽车行驶工况,给出了简单循环工况下参考转速、转距和功率.设计了异步电动机调速系统转速控制器和电流控制器,建立了异步电动机调速系统的数学模型,提出了基于自适应模糊神经网络控制的异步电动机调速系统.仿真和实验结果表明,基于自适应模糊神经网络控制的调速系统明显优于PID控制的交流调速系统,在环测试平台能够较好跟踪参考转速和参考转距的变化.     

基于邻域粒子群优化神经网络的异步电动机振动故障诊断

为了提高异步电动机振动故障诊断的准确性,提出了基于邻域粒子群优化神经网络的异步电动机振动故障诊断方法.首先对实验室异步电动机各类常见故障进行测试,然后选择异步电动机不同位置振动信号的特征频率作为神经网络的输入,最终利用邻域粒子群优化后的神经网络进行异步电动机振动的故障诊断.实验结果表明:与其他诊断方法相比,该方法具有较高的诊断精度.此方法适合应用在异步电动机振动故障诊断中,具有推广应用价值.     

电动机的节能措施

文章介绍了异步电动机能量损耗的组成,并分析了异步电动机能量损耗的形成原因,提出了降低异步电动机能量损耗的方法.     

异步电动机直接转矩控制的仿真

为了设计实际异步电动机控制系统,在分析交流异步电动机数学模型的基础上,提出了交流异步电动机直接转矩控制系统的新方案.在MATLAB/SIMULINK中,通过建立和整合独立模块,得到交流异步电动机直接转矩控制系统的仿真模型.定子磁链和电磁转矩控制器采用双电平方式,重点设计了电压空间矢量表模块.在电压空间矢量表模块中,设计了十进制-二进制转换模块.仿真结果表明了该方案的合理性和有效性,为实际异步电动机直接转矩控制系统的设计和调试提供了新的思路.     

三相异步电动机振动故障诊断及处理方法分析

三相异步电动机出现异常振动,使设备运行存在着不安全隐患.本文结合生产实践,介绍了三相异步电动机发生振动的主要原因及判别方法,提出了相应的处理方法.结合某电厂大型三相异步电动机振动检修实例,给出检修和处理过程,为解决实际生产中三相异步电动机振动故障提供一定的参考,从而缩短维修时间,节约维修费用.     

求异步电动机机械特性的一种简易方法

异步电动机是应用最广泛的一种电动机.对机械类学生和工程技术人员来说,为了能设计高质量的机械产品,正确使用机械产品,就要选择和使用异步电动机,了解异步电动机的性能.机械特性是异步电动机最重要最基本的特性之一.如何能在他们现有的理论基础上进一步提高,并能用简易的方法作出较理想的机械特性曲线来,这是一个非常有实用意义的工作.本文就是在这个基础上提出了作异步电动机机械特性的方法,以供参考.     

异步电动机直接转矩控制的建模和仿真

对异步电动机直接转矩控制进行了建模与仿真研究.首先推导了异步电动机数学模型,简要阐述了异步电动机矢量控制的工作原理,重点阐述了其在MATLAB/Simulink中的建模过程.然后对仿真结果进行了比较分析,仿真结果表明异步电动机直接转矩控制在改变负载转矩和转矩滞环容差时,电机系统具有较好的动态特性.     

稀土永磁同步电动机驱动抽油机的节能效益

传统的同步电动机与异步电动机相比具有突出的优点 ,如效率高、功率因数高 ,但是同步电动机仍然不能取代异步电动机用于小功率简单驱动场合 .电磁式的同步电动机需要附加起动控制装置而永磁同步电动机一般用于变频传动 .用于抽油机自起动的稀土永磁同步电动机是一种复合电机 ,它兼有同步电动机与异步电动机的优点 ,起动时如同异步电动机而牵入同步后运行在同步转速 .笔者研制的稀土永磁同步电动机转子上装有空间对称的鼠笼条和稀土磁铁 .抽油机负荷特点是驱动电动机需要起动转矩大而运行时负荷率很低 (30 % ) ,介绍了研制的稀土永磁同步电动机的结构和设计特点和节能机理 .油田现场试验结果表明驱动方案可行 ,用稀土永磁同步电动机替代三相异步电动机来驱动抽油机可节电 1 5%左右 .最后讨论了驱动电动机的优缺点和相应解决方法     

三相异步电动机电气参数较精确计算方法

本文根据异步电动机额定数据和等效电路,导出了异步电动机电气参数较准确的计算方法.     

浅谈异步电动机的保护

本文论述了异步电动机的保护与控制关系,介绍了异步电动机的各种保护装置.指出不管采用何种保护装置,必须考虑过载保护装置与电动机、过载保护装置与短路保护装置的协调配合.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.